{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1998-04-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-04-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1998-04-20","date_display":"April 20, 1998 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":4,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450923.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862458.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":6.0559,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":282.1382,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":276.0823,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.0823},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":282.1382,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.1382},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":288.1941},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1998,"month":4,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450923.770833,"ahargana":1862458.2708,"kali_year":5100,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8292,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":5.940045999999995,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":278.583446,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.6343},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":11.429945999999973,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":346.073846,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":323.4926459999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":320.936146,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":0.33544599999999036,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":137.998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":317.998,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":4,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450923.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862458.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":6.0559,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":282.1382,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":276.0823,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.0823},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":282.1382,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.1382},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":288.1941},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.634,"elongation":83.918},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.634,"opposition_distance":96.082}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:45","sunsetLocal":"18:47","solarNoonLocal":"12:16","dayLengthHours":13.025624975886977,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 01 Mins 32 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 58 Mins 28 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:11","moonsetLocal":"11:42","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:23","end":"09:01","startHours":7.381421242948369,"endHours":9.009624364934242,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:38","end":"12:16","startHours":10.637827486920113,"endHours":12.266030608905986,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:54","end":"15:31","startHours":13.894233730891859,"endHours":15.52243685287773,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:48","end":"09:14","startHours":8.792530615336126,"endHours":9.226718114532357,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:18","end":"06:39","startHours":6.295952494957788,"endHours":6.643302494314774,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:50","end":"12:42","startHours":11.831843109709753,"endHours":12.700218108102218,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:01","end":"04:53","startHours":4.0164681241775675,"endHours":4.884843122570032,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:40","end":"05:45","startHours":4.667749372971916,"endHours":5.753218120962497,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:26","end":"15:18","startHours":14.436968104887148,"endHours":15.305343103279613,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:35","end":"18:59","startHours":18.578843096849475,"endHours":18.978843096849474,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:47","end":"19:19","startHours":18.778843096849474,"endHours":19.321577470844765,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:32","end":"20:17","startHours":18.528843096849474,"endHours":20.278843096849474,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:50","end":"00:42","startHours":23.83184310970975,"endHours":24.70021810810222,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:45","end":"07:23","startHours":5.753218120962497,"endHours":7.381421242948369,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:23","end":"09:01","startHours":7.381421242948369,"endHours":9.009624364934242,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:01","end":"10:38","startHours":9.009624364934242,"endHours":10.637827486920113,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:38","end":"12:16","startHours":10.637827486920113,"endHours":12.266030608905986,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:16","end":"13:54","startHours":12.266030608905986,"endHours":13.894233730891859,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:54","end":"15:31","startHours":13.894233730891859,"endHours":15.52243685287773,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:31","end":"17:09","startHours":15.52243685287773,"endHours":17.1506399748636,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:09","end":"18:47","startHours":17.1506399748636,"endHours":18.778843096849474,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:47","end":"20:09","startHours":18.778843096849474,"endHours":20.1506399748636,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:09","end":"21:31","startHours":20.1506399748636,"endHours":21.522436852877732,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:31","end":"22:54","startHours":21.522436852877732,"endHours":22.89423373089186,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:54","end":"00:16","startHours":22.89423373089186,"endHours":24.266030608905986,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:16","end":"01:38","startHours":24.266030608905986,"endHours":25.637827486920113,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:38","end":"03:01","startHours":25.637827486920113,"endHours":27.00962436493424,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:01","end":"04:23","startHours":27.00962436493424,"endHours":28.38142124294837,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:23","end":"05:45","startHours":28.38142124294837,"endHours":29.753218120962497,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:45","end":"06:45","startHours":5.753218120962497,"endHours":6.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:45","end":"07:45","startHours":6.753218120962497,"endHours":7.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:45","end":"08:45","startHours":7.753218120962497,"endHours":8.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:45","end":"09:45","startHours":8.753218120962497,"endHours":9.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:45","end":"10:45","startHours":9.753218120962497,"endHours":10.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:45","end":"11:45","startHours":10.753218120962497,"endHours":11.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:45","end":"12:45","startHours":11.753218120962497,"endHours":12.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:45","end":"13:45","startHours":12.753218120962497,"endHours":13.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:45","end":"14:45","startHours":13.753218120962497,"endHours":14.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:45","end":"15:45","startHours":14.753218120962497,"endHours":15.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:45","end":"16:45","startHours":15.753218120962497,"endHours":16.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:45","end":"17:45","startHours":16.753218120962497,"endHours":17.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:45","end":"18:45","startHours":17.753218120962497,"endHours":18.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:45","end":"19:45","startHours":18.753218120962497,"endHours":19.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:45","end":"20:45","startHours":19.753218120962497,"endHours":20.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:45","end":"21:45","startHours":20.753218120962497,"endHours":21.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:45","end":"22:45","startHours":21.753218120962497,"endHours":22.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:45","end":"23:45","startHours":22.753218120962497,"endHours":23.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:45","end":"00:45","startHours":23.753218120962497,"endHours":24.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:45","end":"01:45","startHours":24.753218120962497,"endHours":25.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:45","end":"02:45","startHours":25.753218120962497,"endHours":26.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:45","end":"03:45","startHours":26.753218120962497,"endHours":27.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:45","end":"04:45","startHours":27.753218120962497,"endHours":28.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:45","end":"05:45","startHours":28.753218120962497,"endHours":29.753218120962497,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":11.38948241724056,"eotMinutes":0.9677634656409275,"ayanamsa":23.8292}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2055,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1920,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1405,"malayalam_era":1174,"nanakshahi_year":529,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2055 Khara · Śaka 1920 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 20, 1998 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 20, 1998 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 05:45, sūryāsta 18:47.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-04-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-04-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-04-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-04-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-04-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T09:28:11.005Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T09:28:11.005Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T09:28:11.005Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}