{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1993-01-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1993-01-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1993-01-23","date_display":"January 23, 1993 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1993,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2449010.770833,"kali_year":5094,"ahargana":1860545.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":279.2555,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":284.054,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":4.7985,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.7985},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2,"moon_longitude":284.054,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.054},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":203.3095},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1993,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2449010.770833,"ahargana":1860545.2708,"kali_year":5094,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.7561,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":279.285537,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":282.17243699999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.1634},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":78.50813700000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":279.016937,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":170.73553700000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":326.388637,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":294.99673700000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":239.358,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":59.358,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1993,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2449010.770833,"kali_year":5094,"ahargana":1860545.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":279.2555,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":284.054,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":4.7985,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.7985},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2,"moon_longitude":284.054,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.054},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":203.3095},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.163,"elongation":4.798},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.163,"opposition_distance":175.202}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:12","sunsetLocal":"17:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:29","dayLengthHours":10.562417260821443,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 33 Mins 45 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 26 Mins 15 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:23","moonsetLocal":"17:58","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:50","end":"11:10","startHours":9.8383089777966,"endHours":11.158611135399282,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:48","end":"15:07","startHours":13.799215450604642,"endHours":15.119517608207323,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:12","end":"08:31","startHours":7.19770466259124,"endHours":8.518006820193921,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:40","end":"10:01","startHours":9.662268690116244,"endHours":10.014349265476959,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:38","end":"07:55","startHours":7.637805381792134,"endHours":7.919469842080706,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"12:50","startHours":12.126832717641248,"endHours":12.830993868362677,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:47","end":"06:30","startHours":5.789382361148381,"endHours":6.493543511869811,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:19","end":"07:12","startHours":6.317503224189453,"endHours":7.19770466259124,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:14","end":"14:57","startHours":14.239316169805535,"endHours":14.943477320526965,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:34","end":"17:58","startHours":17.560121923412684,"endHours":17.960121923412682,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:46","end":"18:12","startHours":17.760121923412683,"endHours":18.200222642613575,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:31","end":"19:16","startHours":17.510121923412683,"endHours":19.260121923412683,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"00:50","startHours":24.126832717641246,"endHours":24.83099386836268,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:12","end":"08:31","startHours":7.19770466259124,"endHours":8.518006820193921,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:31","end":"09:50","startHours":8.518006820193921,"endHours":9.8383089777966,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:50","end":"11:10","startHours":9.8383089777966,"endHours":11.158611135399282,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:10","end":"12:29","startHours":11.158611135399282,"endHours":12.478913293001963,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:29","end":"13:48","startHours":12.478913293001963,"endHours":13.799215450604642,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:48","end":"15:07","startHours":13.799215450604642,"endHours":15.119517608207323,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:07","end":"16:26","startHours":15.119517608207323,"endHours":16.43981976581,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:26","end":"17:46","startHours":16.43981976581,"endHours":17.760121923412683,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:46","end":"19:26","startHours":17.760121923412683,"endHours":19.439819765810004,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:26","end":"21:07","startHours":19.439819765810004,"endHours":21.11951760820732,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:07","end":"22:48","startHours":21.11951760820732,"endHours":22.799215450604642,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:48","end":"00:29","startHours":22.799215450604642,"endHours":24.478913293001963,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:29","end":"02:10","startHours":24.478913293001963,"endHours":26.158611135399283,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:10","end":"03:50","startHours":26.158611135399283,"endHours":27.8383089777966,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:50","end":"05:31","startHours":27.8383089777966,"endHours":29.51800682019392,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:31","end":"07:12","startHours":29.51800682019392,"endHours":31.197704662591242,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:12","end":"08:12","startHours":7.19770466259124,"endHours":8.19770466259124,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:12","end":"09:12","startHours":8.19770466259124,"endHours":9.19770466259124,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:12","end":"10:12","startHours":9.19770466259124,"endHours":10.19770466259124,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:12","end":"11:12","startHours":10.19770466259124,"endHours":11.19770466259124,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:12","end":"12:12","startHours":11.19770466259124,"endHours":12.19770466259124,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:12","end":"13:12","startHours":12.19770466259124,"endHours":13.19770466259124,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:12","end":"14:12","startHours":13.19770466259124,"endHours":14.19770466259124,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:12","end":"15:12","startHours":14.19770466259124,"endHours":15.19770466259124,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:12","end":"16:12","startHours":15.19770466259124,"endHours":16.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:12","end":"17:12","startHours":16.197704662591242,"endHours":17.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:12","end":"18:12","startHours":17.197704662591242,"endHours":18.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:12","end":"19:12","startHours":18.197704662591242,"endHours":19.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:12","end":"20:12","startHours":19.197704662591242,"endHours":20.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:12","end":"21:12","startHours":20.197704662591242,"endHours":21.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:12","end":"22:12","startHours":21.197704662591242,"endHours":22.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:12","end":"23:12","startHours":22.197704662591242,"endHours":23.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:12","end":"00:12","startHours":23.197704662591242,"endHours":24.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:12","end":"01:12","startHours":24.197704662591242,"endHours":25.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:12","end":"02:12","startHours":25.197704662591242,"endHours":26.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:12","end":"03:12","startHours":26.197704662591242,"endHours":27.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:12","end":"04:12","startHours":27.197704662591242,"endHours":28.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:12","end":"05:12","startHours":28.197704662591242,"endHours":29.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:12","end":"06:12","startHours":29.197704662591242,"endHours":30.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:12","end":"07:12","startHours":30.197704662591242,"endHours":31.197704662591242,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-19.475819200969383,"eotMinutes":-11.805197580117738,"ayanamsa":23.7561}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2050,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vyaya","saka_samvat":1915,"saka_samvatsara":"Śrīmukha","bengali_samvat":1400,"malayalam_era":1169,"nanakshahi_year":524,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2050 Vyaya · Śaka 1915 Śrīmukha"},"festivals":[{"id":"magha-gupta-navratri-start","name":"Māgha Gupta Navrātri Start","name_sanskrit":"माघ गुप्त नवरात्रि आरम्भ","tradition":"Shakta","associated_deity":"Devī (10 Mahāvidyās)","significance":"Hidden (gupta) Navrātri for advanced sādhanā of 10 Mahāvidyās.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":1,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":3}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 23, 1993 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 23, 1993 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 07:12, sūryāsta 17:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1993-01-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1993-01-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1993-01-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1993-01-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1993-01-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T20:06:28.638Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T20:06:28.638Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T20:06:28.638Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}