{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1981-01-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1981-01-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1981-01-01","date_display":"January 1, 1981 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444605.770833,"kali_year":5082,"ahargana":1856140.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.7687,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":195.7318,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":298.9631,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.9631},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":195.7318,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.0651},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":92.5005},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1981,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444605.770833,"ahargana":1856140.2708,"kali_year":5082,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5876,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.95444,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":197.01484000000005,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4662},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":277.60303999999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":257.6225400000001,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":165.96424000000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":233.87724000000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":165.67384000000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":112.7561,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":292.7561,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444605.770833,"kali_year":5082,"ahargana":1856140.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.7687,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":195.7318,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":298.9631,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.9631},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":195.7318,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.0651},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":92.5005},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.466,"elongation":61.037},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.466,"opposition_distance":118.963}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":19,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.332,"opposition_distance":1.776}]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:13","sunsetLocal":"17:28","solarNoonLocal":"12:21","dayLengthHours":10.243628261609281,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 14 Mins 37 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 45 Mins 23 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:54","moonsetLocal":"13:48","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:37","end":"14:54","startHours":13.62436650475776,"endHours":14.90482003745892,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:13","end":"08:30","startHours":7.2220988412519596,"endHours":8.502552373953119,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:47","end":"11:04","startHours":9.78300590665428,"endHours":11.06345943935544,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:37","end":"09:57","startHours":9.612278768960792,"endHours":9.953733044347768,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:39","end":"07:55","startHours":7.64891668548568,"endHours":7.922080105795261,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:00","end":"12:41","startHours":12.002458696669624,"endHours":12.685367247443576,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:51","end":"06:32","startHours":5.856281739704055,"endHours":6.5391902904780075,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:22","end":"07:13","startHours":6.3684631527845195,"endHours":7.2220988412519596,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:03","end":"14:44","startHours":14.05118434899148,"endHours":14.734092899765432,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:16","end":"17:40","startHours":17.26572710286124,"endHours":17.66572710286124,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:28","end":"17:54","startHours":17.46572710286124,"endHours":17.89254494709496,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:13","end":"18:58","startHours":17.21572710286124,"endHours":18.96572710286124,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:00","end":"00:41","startHours":24.002458696669624,"endHours":24.685367247443576,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:13","end":"08:30","startHours":7.2220988412519596,"endHours":8.502552373953119,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:30","end":"09:47","startHours":8.502552373953119,"endHours":9.78300590665428,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:47","end":"11:04","startHours":9.78300590665428,"endHours":11.06345943935544,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:04","end":"12:21","startHours":11.06345943935544,"endHours":12.3439129720566,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:21","end":"13:37","startHours":12.3439129720566,"endHours":13.62436650475776,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:37","end":"14:54","startHours":13.62436650475776,"endHours":14.90482003745892,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:54","end":"16:11","startHours":14.90482003745892,"endHours":16.18527357016008,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:11","end":"17:28","startHours":16.18527357016008,"endHours":17.46572710286124,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:28","end":"19:11","startHours":17.46572710286124,"endHours":19.18527357016008,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:11","end":"20:54","startHours":19.18527357016008,"endHours":20.90482003745892,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:54","end":"22:37","startHours":20.90482003745892,"endHours":22.62436650475776,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:37","end":"00:21","startHours":22.62436650475776,"endHours":24.3439129720566,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:21","end":"02:04","startHours":24.3439129720566,"endHours":26.06345943935544,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:04","end":"03:47","startHours":26.06345943935544,"endHours":27.78300590665428,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:47","end":"05:30","startHours":27.78300590665428,"endHours":29.50255237395312,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:30","end":"07:13","startHours":29.50255237395312,"endHours":31.22209884125196,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:13","end":"08:13","startHours":7.2220988412519596,"endHours":8.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:13","end":"09:13","startHours":8.22209884125196,"endHours":9.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:13","end":"10:13","startHours":9.22209884125196,"endHours":10.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:13","end":"11:13","startHours":10.22209884125196,"endHours":11.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:13","end":"12:13","startHours":11.22209884125196,"endHours":12.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:13","end":"13:13","startHours":12.22209884125196,"endHours":13.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:13","end":"14:13","startHours":13.22209884125196,"endHours":14.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:13","end":"15:13","startHours":14.22209884125196,"endHours":15.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:13","end":"16:13","startHours":15.22209884125196,"endHours":16.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:13","end":"17:13","startHours":16.22209884125196,"endHours":17.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:13","end":"18:13","startHours":17.22209884125196,"endHours":18.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:13","end":"19:13","startHours":18.22209884125196,"endHours":19.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:13","end":"20:13","startHours":19.22209884125196,"endHours":20.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:13","end":"21:13","startHours":20.22209884125196,"endHours":21.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:13","end":"22:13","startHours":21.22209884125196,"endHours":22.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:13","end":"23:13","startHours":22.22209884125196,"endHours":23.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:13","end":"00:13","startHours":23.22209884125196,"endHours":24.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:13","end":"01:13","startHours":24.22209884125196,"endHours":25.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:13","end":"02:13","startHours":25.22209884125196,"endHours":26.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:13","end":"03:13","startHours":26.22209884125196,"endHours":27.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:13","end":"04:13","startHours":27.22209884125196,"endHours":28.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:13","end":"05:13","startHours":28.22209884125196,"endHours":29.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:13","end":"06:13","startHours":29.22209884125196,"endHours":30.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:13","end":"07:13","startHours":30.22209884125196,"endHours":31.22209884125196,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.017926094547253,"eotMinutes":-3.705178323396069,"ayanamsa":23.5876}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2038,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bhāva","saka_samvat":1903,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmati","bengali_samvat":1388,"malayalam_era":1157,"nanakshahi_year":512,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 2038 Bhāva · Śaka 1903 Durmati"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 1, 1981 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 1, 1981 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 07:13, sūryāsta 17:28.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1981-01-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1981-01-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1981-01-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1981-01-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1981-01-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T19:51:53.349Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T19:51:53.349Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-18T19:51:53.349Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}