{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1978-11-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-11-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-11-01","date_display":"November 1, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":11,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443813.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855348.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":194.0706,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":195.6305,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":1.5599,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.5599},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":195.6305,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.9638},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":29.7011},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":11,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443813.770833,"ahargana":1855348.2708,"kali_year":5080,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5573,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":194.7034,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":197.38699999999994,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.9452},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":215.9842,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":213.56190000000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":104.22050000000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":205.91340000000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":137.7221,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":154.72,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":334.72,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":11,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443813.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855348.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":194.0706,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":195.6305,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":1.5599,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.5599},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":195.6305,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.9638},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":29.7011},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.945,"elongation":1.56},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.945,"opposition_distance":178.44}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:30","sunsetLocal":"17:31","solarNoonLocal":"12:00","dayLengthHours":11.004865152460733,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 00 Mins 18 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 59 Mins 42 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:44","moonsetLocal":"17:38","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:00","end":"13:23","startHours":12.008122784711784,"endHours":13.383730928769374,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:53","end":"09:15","startHours":7.881298352539008,"endHours":9.2569064965966,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:38","end":"12:00","startHours":10.632514640654191,"endHours":12.008122784711784,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:04","end":"09:26","startHours":9.07349207738892,"endHours":9.440320915804278,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:58","end":"07:15","startHours":6.964226256500614,"endHours":7.2576893272328995,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:38","end":"12:22","startHours":11.641293946296424,"endHours":12.37495162312714,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:02","end":"05:46","startHours":5.038374854819986,"endHours":5.7720325316507015,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:35","end":"06:30","startHours":5.588618112443022,"endHours":6.5056902084814165,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:51","end":"14:35","startHours":13.842266976788572,"endHours":14.575924653619287,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:19","end":"17:43","startHours":17.31055536094215,"endHours":17.71055536094215,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:31","end":"17:58","startHours":17.51055536094215,"endHours":17.969091408961347,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:16","end":"19:01","startHours":17.26055536094215,"endHours":19.01055536094215,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:38","end":"00:22","startHours":23.641293946296422,"endHours":24.37495162312714,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:30","end":"07:53","startHours":6.5056902084814165,"endHours":7.881298352539008,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:53","end":"09:15","startHours":7.881298352539008,"endHours":9.2569064965966,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:15","end":"10:38","startHours":9.2569064965966,"endHours":10.632514640654191,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:38","end":"12:00","startHours":10.632514640654191,"endHours":12.008122784711784,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:00","end":"13:23","startHours":12.008122784711784,"endHours":13.383730928769374,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:23","end":"14:46","startHours":13.383730928769374,"endHours":14.759339072826966,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:46","end":"16:08","startHours":14.759339072826966,"endHours":16.134947216884555,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:08","end":"17:31","startHours":16.134947216884555,"endHours":17.51055536094215,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:31","end":"19:08","startHours":17.51055536094215,"endHours":19.13494721688456,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:08","end":"20:46","startHours":19.13494721688456,"endHours":20.759339072826965,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:46","end":"22:23","startHours":20.759339072826965,"endHours":22.383730928769374,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:23","end":"00:00","startHours":22.383730928769374,"endHours":24.008122784711784,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:00","end":"01:38","startHours":24.008122784711784,"endHours":25.632514640654193,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:38","end":"03:15","startHours":25.632514640654193,"endHours":27.2569064965966,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:15","end":"04:53","startHours":27.2569064965966,"endHours":28.88129835253901,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:53","end":"06:30","startHours":28.88129835253901,"endHours":30.50569020848142,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:30","end":"07:30","startHours":6.5056902084814165,"endHours":7.5056902084814165,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:30","end":"08:30","startHours":7.5056902084814165,"endHours":8.505690208481417,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:30","end":"09:30","startHours":8.505690208481417,"endHours":9.505690208481417,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:30","end":"10:30","startHours":9.505690208481417,"endHours":10.505690208481417,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:30","end":"11:30","startHours":10.505690208481417,"endHours":11.505690208481417,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:30","end":"12:30","startHours":11.505690208481417,"endHours":12.505690208481417,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:30","end":"13:30","startHours":12.505690208481417,"endHours":13.505690208481417,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:30","end":"14:30","startHours":13.505690208481417,"endHours":14.505690208481417,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:30","end":"15:30","startHours":14.505690208481417,"endHours":15.505690208481417,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:30","end":"16:30","startHours":15.505690208481417,"endHours":16.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:30","end":"17:30","startHours":16.50569020848142,"endHours":17.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:30","end":"18:30","startHours":17.50569020848142,"endHours":18.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:30","end":"19:30","startHours":18.50569020848142,"endHours":19.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:30","end":"20:30","startHours":19.50569020848142,"endHours":20.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:30","end":"21:30","startHours":20.50569020848142,"endHours":21.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:30","end":"22:30","startHours":21.50569020848142,"endHours":22.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:30","end":"23:30","startHours":22.50569020848142,"endHours":23.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:30","end":"00:30","startHours":23.50569020848142,"endHours":24.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:30","end":"01:30","startHours":24.50569020848142,"endHours":25.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:30","end":"02:30","startHours":25.50569020848142,"endHours":26.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:30","end":"03:30","startHours":26.50569020848142,"endHours":27.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:30","end":"04:30","startHours":27.50569020848142,"endHours":28.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:30","end":"05:30","startHours":28.50569020848142,"endHours":29.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:30","end":"06:30","startHours":29.50569020848142,"endHours":30.50569020848142,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-14.258204884576552,"eotMinutes":16.442232917293087,"ayanamsa":23.5573}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[{"id":"govardhana-puja","name":"Govardhana Pūjā (Annakūṭa)","name_sanskrit":"गोवर्धन पूजा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Krishna (Govardhana-dhārī)","significance":"Krishna lifted Govardhana to protect Vraja from Indra's wrath. Day 4 of Diwali.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":1,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Bhāgavata 10.24-27"]},{"id":"tula-sankranti","name":"Tulā Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"तुला सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Libra.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Tulā"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga November 1, 1978 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"November 1, 1978 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:30, sūryāsta 17:31.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-11-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-11-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-11-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-11-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-11-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T17:33:37.578Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T17:33:37.578Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-18T17:33:37.578Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}