{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1978-10-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-10-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-10-20","date_display":"October 20, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":10,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443801.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855336.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":182.0651,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":49.6451,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":227.5799,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.5799},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":49.6451,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.6451},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":231.7102},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":10,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443801.770833,"ahargana":1855336.2708,"kali_year":5080,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5569,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":182.73745899999994,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":48.577958999999964,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.3316},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":207.455059,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":195.75315899999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":103.098859,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":209.60575900000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":136.587059,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":155.3559,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":335.3559,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":10,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443801.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855336.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":182.0651,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":49.6451,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":227.5799,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.5799},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":49.6451,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.6451},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":231.7102},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.332,"elongation":132.42},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.332,"opposition_distance":47.58}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:21","sunsetLocal":"17:41","solarNoonLocal":"12:01","dayLengthHours":11.337345167880246,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 20 Mins 14 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 39 Mins 46 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:07","moonsetLocal":"10:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:36","end":"12:01","startHours":10.603377333277784,"endHours":12.020545479262815,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:51","end":"16:16","startHours":14.854881771232876,"endHours":16.272049917217906,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:46","end":"09:11","startHours":7.769041041307721,"endHours":9.186209187292752,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:00","end":"09:23","startHours":8.997253434494748,"endHours":9.375164940090755,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:49","end":"07:08","startHours":6.824262277317701,"endHours":7.126591481794508,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:39","end":"12:24","startHours":11.642633973666806,"endHours":12.398456984858823,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:50","end":"05:36","startHours":4.840226872938658,"endHours":5.596049884130674,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:24","end":"06:21","startHours":5.40709413133267,"endHours":6.351872895322691,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:55","end":"14:40","startHours":13.910103007242855,"endHours":14.66592601843487,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:29","end":"17:53","startHours":17.489218063202937,"endHours":17.889218063202936,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:41","end":"18:10","startHours":17.689218063202937,"endHours":18.161607445197948,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:26","end":"19:11","startHours":17.439218063202937,"endHours":19.189218063202937,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:39","end":"00:24","startHours":23.642633973666808,"endHours":24.39845698485882,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:21","end":"07:46","startHours":6.351872895322691,"endHours":7.769041041307721,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:46","end":"09:11","startHours":7.769041041307721,"endHours":9.186209187292752,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:11","end":"10:36","startHours":9.186209187292752,"endHours":10.603377333277784,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:36","end":"12:01","startHours":10.603377333277784,"endHours":12.020545479262815,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:01","end":"13:26","startHours":12.020545479262815,"endHours":13.437713625247845,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:26","end":"14:51","startHours":13.437713625247845,"endHours":14.854881771232876,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:51","end":"16:16","startHours":14.854881771232876,"endHours":16.272049917217906,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:16","end":"17:41","startHours":16.272049917217906,"endHours":17.689218063202937,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"17:41","end":"19:16","startHours":17.689218063202937,"endHours":19.272049917217906,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:16","end":"20:51","startHours":19.272049917217906,"endHours":20.854881771232876,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:51","end":"22:26","startHours":20.854881771232876,"endHours":22.437713625247845,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:26","end":"00:01","startHours":22.437713625247845,"endHours":24.020545479262815,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:01","end":"01:36","startHours":24.020545479262815,"endHours":25.603377333277784,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:36","end":"03:11","startHours":25.603377333277784,"endHours":27.186209187292754,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:11","end":"04:46","startHours":27.186209187292754,"endHours":28.769041041307723,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:46","end":"06:21","startHours":28.769041041307723,"endHours":30.351872895322693,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:21","end":"07:21","startHours":6.351872895322691,"endHours":7.351872895322691,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:21","end":"08:21","startHours":7.351872895322691,"endHours":8.35187289532269,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:21","end":"09:21","startHours":8.35187289532269,"endHours":9.35187289532269,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:21","end":"10:21","startHours":9.35187289532269,"endHours":10.35187289532269,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:21","end":"11:21","startHours":10.35187289532269,"endHours":11.35187289532269,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:21","end":"12:21","startHours":11.35187289532269,"endHours":12.35187289532269,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:21","end":"13:21","startHours":12.35187289532269,"endHours":13.35187289532269,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:21","end":"14:21","startHours":13.35187289532269,"endHours":14.35187289532269,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:21","end":"15:21","startHours":14.35187289532269,"endHours":15.35187289532269,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:21","end":"16:21","startHours":15.35187289532269,"endHours":16.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:21","end":"17:21","startHours":16.351872895322693,"endHours":17.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:21","end":"18:21","startHours":17.351872895322693,"endHours":18.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:21","end":"19:21","startHours":18.351872895322693,"endHours":19.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:21","end":"20:21","startHours":19.351872895322693,"endHours":20.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:21","end":"21:21","startHours":20.351872895322693,"endHours":21.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:21","end":"22:21","startHours":21.351872895322693,"endHours":22.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:21","end":"23:21","startHours":22.351872895322693,"endHours":23.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:21","end":"00:21","startHours":23.351872895322693,"endHours":24.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:21","end":"01:21","startHours":24.351872895322693,"endHours":25.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:21","end":"02:21","startHours":25.351872895322693,"endHours":26.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:21","end":"03:21","startHours":26.351872895322693,"endHours":27.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:21","end":"04:21","startHours":27.351872895322693,"endHours":28.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:21","end":"05:21","startHours":28.351872895322693,"endHours":29.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:21","end":"06:21","startHours":29.351872895322693,"endHours":30.351872895322693,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mātaṇga","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-10.147839903082907,"eotMinutes":15.696871244231174,"ayanamsa":23.5569}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[{"id":"karva-chauth","name":"Karvā Chauth","name_sanskrit":"करवा चौथ","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Pārvatī + Gaṇeśa + Chandra","significance":"North Indian wives' fast for husband's longevity. Kṛṣṇa Caturthī of Kārtika.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":2},{"id":"tula-sankranti","name":"Tulā Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"तुला सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Libra.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Tulā"},"precedence":5},{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Rohiṇī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 20, 1978 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 20, 1978 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:21, sūryāsta 17:41.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-10-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-10-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-10-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-10-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-10-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T03:28:48.536Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T03:28:48.536Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-19T03:28:48.536Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}