{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1978-07-29:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-07-29","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-07-29","date_display":"July 29, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":7,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443718.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855253.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.5635,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":33.1756,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":291.6122,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.6122},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":33.1756,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.509},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":134.7391},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":7,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443718.770833,"ahargana":1855253.2708,"kali_year":5080,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5537,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":102.02972999999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":36.124030000000005,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.6124},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":152.80303000000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":127.90742999999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":88.16763000000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":145.77603,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":126.60052999999999,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":159.7536,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":339.7536,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":7,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443718.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855253.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.5635,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":33.1756,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":291.6122,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.6122},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":33.1756,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.509},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":134.7391},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.612,"elongation":68.388},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.612,"opposition_distance":111.612}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:33","sunsetLocal":"19:13","solarNoonLocal":"12:23","dayLengthHours":13.66174127573091,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 39 Mins 42 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 20 Mins 18 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:08","moonsetLocal":"14:51","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:58","end":"10:41","startHours":8.96918562115971,"endHours":10.676903280626073,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:06","end":"15:48","startHours":14.0923385995588,"endHours":15.800056259025164,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:33","end":"07:16","startHours":5.553750302226982,"endHours":7.261467961693346,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:44","end":"09:12","startHours":8.741489933230861,"endHours":9.196881309088557,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:07","end":"06:29","startHours":6.122989522049103,"endHours":6.48730262273526,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:56","end":"12:50","startHours":11.92922956423474,"endHours":12.840012315950135,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:44","end":"04:39","startHours":3.7321847987961942,"endHours":4.642967550511588,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:25","end":"05:33","startHours":4.41527186258274,"endHours":5.553750302226982,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:40","end":"15:34","startHours":14.661577819380922,"endHours":15.572360571096315,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:01","end":"19:25","startHours":19.015491577957892,"endHours":19.41549157795789,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:13","end":"19:47","startHours":19.21549157795789,"endHours":19.784730797780014,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:58","end":"20:43","startHours":18.96549157795789,"endHours":20.71549157795789,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:56","end":"00:50","startHours":23.929229564234742,"endHours":24.840012315950137,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:33","end":"07:16","startHours":5.553750302226982,"endHours":7.261467961693346,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:16","end":"08:58","startHours":7.261467961693346,"endHours":8.96918562115971,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:58","end":"10:41","startHours":8.96918562115971,"endHours":10.676903280626073,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:41","end":"12:23","startHours":10.676903280626073,"endHours":12.384620940092436,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:23","end":"14:06","startHours":12.384620940092436,"endHours":14.0923385995588,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:06","end":"15:48","startHours":14.0923385995588,"endHours":15.800056259025164,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:48","end":"17:30","startHours":15.800056259025164,"endHours":17.50777391849153,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:30","end":"19:13","startHours":17.50777391849153,"endHours":19.21549157795789,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:13","end":"20:30","startHours":19.21549157795789,"endHours":20.507773918491527,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:30","end":"21:48","startHours":20.507773918491527,"endHours":21.800056259025165,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:48","end":"23:06","startHours":21.800056259025165,"endHours":23.0923385995588,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:06","end":"00:23","startHours":23.0923385995588,"endHours":24.384620940092436,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:23","end":"01:41","startHours":24.384620940092436,"endHours":25.67690328062607,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:41","end":"02:58","startHours":25.67690328062607,"endHours":26.96918562115971,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:58","end":"04:16","startHours":26.96918562115971,"endHours":28.261467961693345,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:16","end":"05:33","startHours":28.261467961693345,"endHours":29.55375030222698,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:33","end":"06:33","startHours":5.553750302226982,"endHours":6.553750302226982,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:33","end":"07:33","startHours":6.553750302226982,"endHours":7.553750302226982,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:33","end":"08:33","startHours":7.553750302226982,"endHours":8.553750302226982,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:33","end":"09:33","startHours":8.553750302226982,"endHours":9.553750302226982,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:33","end":"10:33","startHours":9.553750302226982,"endHours":10.553750302226982,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:33","end":"11:33","startHours":10.553750302226982,"endHours":11.553750302226982,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:33","end":"12:33","startHours":11.553750302226982,"endHours":12.553750302226982,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:33","end":"13:33","startHours":12.553750302226982,"endHours":13.553750302226982,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:33","end":"14:33","startHours":13.553750302226982,"endHours":14.553750302226982,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:33","end":"15:33","startHours":14.553750302226982,"endHours":15.553750302226982,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:33","end":"16:33","startHours":15.553750302226982,"endHours":16.55375030222698,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:33","end":"17:33","startHours":16.55375030222698,"endHours":17.55375030222698,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:33","end":"18:33","startHours":17.55375030222698,"endHours":18.55375030222698,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:33","end":"19:33","startHours":18.55375030222698,"endHours":19.55375030222698,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:33","end":"20:33","startHours":19.55375030222698,"endHours":20.55375030222698,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:33","end":"21:33","startHours":20.55375030222698,"endHours":21.55375030222698,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:33","end":"22:33","startHours":21.55375030222698,"endHours":22.55375030222698,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:33","end":"23:33","startHours":22.55375030222698,"endHours":23.55375030222698,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:33","end":"00:33","startHours":23.55375030222698,"endHours":24.55375030222698,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:33","end":"01:33","startHours":24.55375030222698,"endHours":25.55375030222698,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:33","end":"02:33","startHours":25.55375030222698,"endHours":26.55375030222698,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:33","end":"03:33","startHours":26.55375030222698,"endHours":27.55375030222698,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:33","end":"04:33","startHours":27.55375030222698,"endHours":28.55375030222698,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:33","end":"05:33","startHours":28.55375030222698,"endHours":29.55375030222698,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.872513278893567,"eotMinutes":-6.147656405546237,"ayanamsa":23.5537}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 29, 1978 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 29, 1978 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 05:33, sūryāsta 19:13.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-07-29","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-07-29","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-07-29","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-07-29","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1978-07-29"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T20:09:49.307Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T20:09:49.307Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-18T20:09:49.307Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}