{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1977-01-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1977-01-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1977-01-01","date_display":"January 1, 1977 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1977,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443144.770833,"kali_year":5078,"ahargana":1854679.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.8047,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":25.4764,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":128.6718,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.6718},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":25.4764,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.1431},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":282.2811},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1977,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443144.770833,"ahargana":1854679.2708,"kali_year":5078,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5317,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.981361,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":27.196461,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.187},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":246.81936100000007,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":268.72376099999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":27.861860999999976,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":302.858561,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":112.33086100000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":190.1669,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":10.1669,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1977,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443144.770833,"kali_year":5078,"ahargana":1854679.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.8047,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":25.4764,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":128.6718,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.6718},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":25.4764,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.1431},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":282.2811},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.187,"elongation":128.672},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.187,"opposition_distance":51.328}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:13","sunsetLocal":"17:28","solarNoonLocal":"12:21","dayLengthHours":10.243416393580304,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 14 Mins 36 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 45 Mins 24 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:15","moonsetLocal":"03:48","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:47","end":"11:04","startHours":9.783058873661524,"endHours":11.063485922859062,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:37","end":"14:54","startHours":13.624340021254138,"endHours":14.904767070451676,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:13","end":"08:30","startHours":7.222204775266447,"endHours":8.502631824463986,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:37","end":"09:57","startHours":9.612335267101852,"endHours":9.953782480221195,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:39","end":"07:55","startHours":7.6490137916656264,"endHours":7.922171562161101,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:00","end":"12:41","startHours":12.002465758937257,"endHours":12.685360185175943,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:51","end":"06:32","startHours":5.856415922789074,"endHours":6.53931034902776,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:22","end":"07:13","startHours":6.368586742468088,"endHours":7.222204775266447,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:03","end":"14:44","startHours":14.051149037653317,"endHours":14.734043463892004,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:16","end":"17:40","startHours":17.265621168846753,"endHours":17.66562116884675,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:28","end":"17:54","startHours":17.465621168846752,"endHours":17.89243018524593,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:13","end":"18:58","startHours":17.215621168846752,"endHours":18.965621168846752,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:00","end":"00:41","startHours":24.002465758937255,"endHours":24.685360185175945,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:13","end":"08:30","startHours":7.222204775266447,"endHours":8.502631824463986,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:30","end":"09:47","startHours":8.502631824463986,"endHours":9.783058873661524,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:47","end":"11:04","startHours":9.783058873661524,"endHours":11.063485922859062,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:04","end":"12:21","startHours":11.063485922859062,"endHours":12.3439129720566,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:21","end":"13:37","startHours":12.3439129720566,"endHours":13.624340021254138,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:37","end":"14:54","startHours":13.624340021254138,"endHours":14.904767070451676,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:54","end":"16:11","startHours":14.904767070451676,"endHours":16.185194119649214,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:11","end":"17:28","startHours":16.185194119649214,"endHours":17.465621168846752,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:28","end":"19:11","startHours":17.465621168846752,"endHours":19.185194119649214,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:11","end":"20:54","startHours":19.185194119649214,"endHours":20.904767070451676,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:54","end":"22:37","startHours":20.904767070451676,"endHours":22.624340021254138,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:37","end":"00:21","startHours":22.624340021254138,"endHours":24.3439129720566,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:21","end":"02:04","startHours":24.3439129720566,"endHours":26.063485922859062,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:04","end":"03:47","startHours":26.063485922859062,"endHours":27.783058873661524,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:47","end":"05:30","startHours":27.783058873661524,"endHours":29.502631824463986,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:30","end":"07:13","startHours":29.502631824463986,"endHours":31.222204775266448,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:13","end":"08:13","startHours":7.222204775266447,"endHours":8.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:13","end":"09:13","startHours":8.222204775266448,"endHours":9.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:13","end":"10:13","startHours":9.222204775266448,"endHours":10.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:13","end":"11:13","startHours":10.222204775266448,"endHours":11.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:13","end":"12:13","startHours":11.222204775266448,"endHours":12.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:13","end":"13:13","startHours":12.222204775266448,"endHours":13.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:13","end":"14:13","startHours":13.222204775266448,"endHours":14.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:13","end":"15:13","startHours":14.222204775266448,"endHours":15.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:13","end":"16:13","startHours":15.222204775266448,"endHours":16.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:13","end":"17:13","startHours":16.222204775266448,"endHours":17.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:13","end":"18:13","startHours":17.222204775266448,"endHours":18.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:13","end":"19:13","startHours":18.222204775266448,"endHours":19.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:13","end":"20:13","startHours":19.222204775266448,"endHours":20.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:13","end":"21:13","startHours":20.222204775266448,"endHours":21.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:13","end":"22:13","startHours":21.222204775266448,"endHours":22.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:13","end":"23:13","startHours":22.222204775266448,"endHours":23.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:13","end":"00:13","startHours":23.222204775266448,"endHours":24.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:13","end":"01:13","startHours":24.222204775266448,"endHours":25.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:13","end":"02:13","startHours":25.222204775266448,"endHours":26.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:13","end":"03:13","startHours":26.222204775266448,"endHours":27.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:13","end":"04:13","startHours":27.222204775266448,"endHours":28.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:13","end":"05:13","startHours":28.222204775266448,"endHours":29.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:13","end":"06:13","startHours":29.222204775266448,"endHours":30.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:13","end":"07:13","startHours":30.222204775266448,"endHours":31.222204775266448,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.020214157696785,"eotMinutes":-3.705178323396069,"ayanamsa":23.5317}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2034,"vikram_samvatsara":"Pramoda","saka_samvat":1899,"saka_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","bengali_samvat":1384,"malayalam_era":1153,"nanakshahi_year":508,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2034 Pramoda · Śaka 1899 Piṅgala"},"festivals":[{"id":"putrada-ekadashi","name":"Pauṣa Putradā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"पौष पुत्रदा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Ekādaśī granting putra-prāpti.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Pauṣa"},"precedence":4},{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 1, 1977 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 1, 1977 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 07:13, sūryāsta 17:28.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1977-01-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1977-01-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1977-01-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1977-01-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1977-01-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T00:22:48.928Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T00:22:48.928Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-19T00:22:48.928Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}