{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1973-10-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1973-10-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1973-10-13","date_display":"October 13, 1973 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1973,"month":10,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441968.770833,"kali_year":5075,"ahargana":1853503.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":175.3994,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.6726,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":190.2732,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2732},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.6726,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.6726},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":181.0721},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1973,"month":10,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441968.770833,"ahargana":1853503.2708,"kali_year":5075,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4867,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":176.073393,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":7.832092999999986,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1356},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":12.370092999999997,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":200.35639300000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":279.46719299999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":221.11319300000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":71.48809299999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":252.477,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":72.477,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1973,"month":10,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441968.770833,"kali_year":5075,"ahargana":1853503.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":175.3994,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.6726,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":190.2732,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2732},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.6726,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.6726},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":181.0721},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.136,"elongation":169.727},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.136,"opposition_distance":10.273}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:16","sunsetLocal":"17:49","solarNoonLocal":"12:02","dayLengthHours":11.534552384232882,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 32 Mins 04 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 27 Mins 56 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:19","moonsetLocal":"07:20","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:09","end":"10:36","startHours":9.157814750473857,"endHours":10.599633798502968,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:29","end":"14:56","startHours":13.483271894561188,"endHours":14.925090942590298,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:16","end":"07:43","startHours":6.274176654415637,"endHours":7.715995702444747,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:58","end":"09:21","startHours":8.965572210736642,"endHours":9.350057290211073,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:45","end":"07:04","startHours":6.754783003758674,"endHours":7.062371067338217,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:39","end":"12:26","startHours":11.65696776705765,"endHours":12.425937926006506,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:44","end":"05:30","startHours":4.736236336517919,"endHours":5.505206495466778,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:19","end":"06:16","startHours":5.312963955729564,"endHours":6.274176654415637,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:58","end":"14:44","startHours":13.963878243904226,"endHours":14.732848402853085,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:37","end":"18:01","startHours":17.60872903864852,"endHours":18.008729038648518,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:49","end":"18:17","startHours":17.80872903864852,"endHours":18.289335387991557,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:34","end":"19:19","startHours":17.55872903864852,"endHours":19.30872903864852,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:39","end":"00:26","startHours":23.656967767057647,"endHours":24.425937926006508,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:16","end":"07:43","startHours":6.274176654415637,"endHours":7.715995702444747,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:43","end":"09:09","startHours":7.715995702444747,"endHours":9.157814750473857,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:09","end":"10:36","startHours":9.157814750473857,"endHours":10.599633798502968,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:36","end":"12:02","startHours":10.599633798502968,"endHours":12.041452846532078,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:02","end":"13:29","startHours":12.041452846532078,"endHours":13.483271894561188,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:29","end":"14:56","startHours":13.483271894561188,"endHours":14.925090942590298,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:56","end":"16:22","startHours":14.925090942590298,"endHours":16.36690999061941,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:22","end":"17:49","startHours":16.36690999061941,"endHours":17.80872903864852,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:49","end":"19:22","startHours":17.80872903864852,"endHours":19.36690999061941,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:22","end":"20:56","startHours":19.36690999061941,"endHours":20.9250909425903,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:56","end":"22:29","startHours":20.9250909425903,"endHours":22.483271894561188,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:29","end":"00:02","startHours":22.483271894561188,"endHours":24.041452846532078,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:02","end":"01:36","startHours":24.041452846532078,"endHours":25.599633798502968,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:36","end":"03:09","startHours":25.599633798502968,"endHours":27.157814750473857,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:09","end":"04:43","startHours":27.157814750473857,"endHours":28.715995702444747,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:43","end":"06:16","startHours":28.715995702444747,"endHours":30.274176654415637,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:16","end":"07:16","startHours":6.274176654415637,"endHours":7.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:16","end":"08:16","startHours":7.274176654415637,"endHours":8.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:16","end":"09:16","startHours":8.274176654415637,"endHours":9.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:16","end":"10:16","startHours":9.274176654415637,"endHours":10.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:16","end":"11:16","startHours":10.274176654415637,"endHours":11.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:16","end":"12:16","startHours":11.274176654415637,"endHours":12.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:16","end":"13:16","startHours":12.274176654415637,"endHours":13.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:16","end":"14:16","startHours":13.274176654415637,"endHours":14.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:16","end":"15:16","startHours":14.274176654415637,"endHours":15.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:16","end":"16:16","startHours":15.274176654415637,"endHours":16.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:16","end":"17:16","startHours":16.274176654415637,"endHours":17.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:16","end":"18:16","startHours":17.274176654415637,"endHours":18.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:16","end":"19:16","startHours":18.274176654415637,"endHours":19.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:16","end":"20:16","startHours":19.274176654415637,"endHours":20.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:16","end":"21:16","startHours":20.274176654415637,"endHours":21.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:16","end":"22:16","startHours":21.274176654415637,"endHours":22.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:16","end":"23:16","startHours":22.274176654415637,"endHours":23.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:16","end":"00:16","startHours":23.274176654415637,"endHours":24.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:16","end":"01:16","startHours":24.274176654415637,"endHours":25.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:16","end":"02:16","startHours":25.274176654415637,"endHours":26.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:16","end":"03:16","startHours":26.274176654415637,"endHours":27.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:16","end":"04:16","startHours":27.274176654415637,"endHours":28.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:16","end":"05:16","startHours":28.274176654415637,"endHours":29.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:16","end":"06:16","startHours":29.274176654415637,"endHours":30.274176654415637,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.652175695991102,"eotMinutes":14.442429208075392,"ayanamsa":23.4867}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2030,"vikram_samvatsara":"Akṣaya","saka_samvat":1895,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramādī","bengali_samvat":1380,"malayalam_era":1149,"nanakshahi_year":504,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2030 Akṣaya · Śaka 1895 Pramādī"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 13, 1973 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 13, 1973 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:16, sūryāsta 17:49.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1973-10-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1973-10-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1973-10-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1973-10-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1973-10-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T06:49:39.724Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T06:49:39.724Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-19T06:49:39.724Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}