{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1973-01-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1973-01-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1973-01-30","date_display":"January 30, 1973 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1973,"month":1,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441712.770833,"kali_year":5074,"ahargana":1853247.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":286.6004,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":236.1232,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":309.5228,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.5228},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":236.1232,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.4565},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":162.7236},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1973,"month":1,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441712.770833,"ahargana":1853247.2708,"kali_year":5074,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.477,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":286.53127399999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":237.63257399999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.2427},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":237.715774,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":287.77847399999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":271.62237400000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":269.744774,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":50.639174000000025,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":266.0411,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":86.0411,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1973,"month":1,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441712.770833,"kali_year":5074,"ahargana":1853247.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":286.6004,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":236.1232,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":309.5228,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.5228},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":236.1232,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.4565},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":162.7236},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.243,"elongation":50.477},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.243,"opposition_distance":129.523}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:09","sunsetLocal":"17:52","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":10.713009240287441,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 42 Mins 47 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 17 Mins 13 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:09","moonsetLocal":"14:20","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:11","end":"16:31","startHours":15.183031409667935,"endHours":16.522157564703864,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:50","end":"11:10","startHours":9.826526789524214,"endHours":11.165652944560144,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:30","end":"13:51","startHours":12.504779099596075,"endHours":13.843905254632006,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:39","end":"10:00","startHours":9.647976635519424,"endHours":10.005076943529005,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:36","end":"07:53","startHours":7.594649864464331,"endHours":7.880330110871996,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:09","end":"12:52","startHours":12.147678791586493,"endHours":12.861879407605656,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:43","end":"06:26","startHours":5.719873247414029,"endHours":6.434073863433191,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:15","end":"07:09","startHours":6.255523709428401,"endHours":7.148274479452354,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:17","end":"15:00","startHours":14.290280639643981,"endHours":15.004481255663144,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:40","end":"18:04","startHours":17.661283719739796,"endHours":18.061283719739794,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:52","end":"18:18","startHours":17.861283719739795,"endHours":18.30765910475177,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:37","end":"19:22","startHours":17.611283719739795,"endHours":19.361283719739795,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:09","end":"00:52","startHours":24.147678791586493,"endHours":24.861879407605656,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"07:09","end":"08:29","startHours":7.148274479452354,"endHours":8.487400634488285,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:29","end":"09:50","startHours":8.487400634488285,"endHours":9.826526789524214,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:50","end":"11:10","startHours":9.826526789524214,"endHours":11.165652944560144,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:10","end":"12:30","startHours":11.165652944560144,"endHours":12.504779099596075,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:30","end":"13:51","startHours":12.504779099596075,"endHours":13.843905254632006,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:51","end":"15:11","startHours":13.843905254632006,"endHours":15.183031409667935,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:11","end":"16:31","startHours":15.183031409667935,"endHours":16.522157564703864,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:31","end":"17:52","startHours":16.522157564703864,"endHours":17.861283719739795,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:52","end":"19:31","startHours":17.861283719739795,"endHours":19.522157564703864,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:31","end":"21:11","startHours":19.522157564703864,"endHours":21.183031409667933,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:11","end":"22:51","startHours":21.183031409667933,"endHours":22.843905254632006,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:51","end":"00:30","startHours":22.843905254632006,"endHours":24.504779099596075,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:30","end":"02:10","startHours":24.504779099596075,"endHours":26.165652944560144,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:10","end":"03:50","startHours":26.165652944560144,"endHours":27.826526789524216,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:50","end":"05:29","startHours":27.826526789524216,"endHours":29.487400634488285,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:29","end":"07:09","startHours":29.487400634488285,"endHours":31.148274479452354,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.148274479452354,"endHours":8.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.148274479452354,"endHours":9.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.148274479452354,"endHours":10.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.148274479452354,"endHours":11.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.148274479452354,"endHours":12.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.148274479452354,"endHours":13.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.148274479452354,"endHours":14.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.148274479452354,"endHours":15.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.148274479452354,"endHours":16.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.148274479452354,"endHours":17.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.148274479452354,"endHours":18.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.148274479452354,"endHours":19.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.148274479452354,"endHours":20.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.148274479452354,"endHours":21.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.148274479452354,"endHours":22.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.148274479452354,"endHours":23.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.148274479452354,"endHours":24.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.148274479452354,"endHours":25.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.148274479452354,"endHours":26.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.148274479452354,"endHours":27.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.148274479452354,"endHours":28.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.148274479452354,"endHours":29.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.148274479452354,"endHours":30.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":30.148274479452354,"endHours":31.148274479452354,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-17.73673651960282,"eotMinutes":-13.357145975764517,"ayanamsa":23.477}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2030,"vikram_samvatsara":"Akṣaya","saka_samvat":1895,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramādī","bengali_samvat":1380,"malayalam_era":1149,"nanakshahi_year":504,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 2030 Akṣaya · Śaka 1895 Pramādī"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"shattila-ekadashi","name":"Ṣaṭ-tilā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"षट्तिला एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Six uses of tila (sesame) on this Ekādaśī confer mokṣa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Jyeṣṭhā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 30, 1973 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 30, 1973 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 07:09, sūryāsta 17:52.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1973-01-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1973-01-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1973-01-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1973-01-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1973-01-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T11:59:33.436Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T11:59:33.436Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-19T11:59:33.436Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}