{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1971-11-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1971-11-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1971-11-16","date_display":"November 16, 1971 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":11,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441271.770833,"kali_year":5073,"ahargana":1852806.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":209.0182,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":185.6836,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":336.6654,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.6654},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":185.6836,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.3503},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":34.7018},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":56,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1971,"month":11,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441271.770833,"ahargana":1852806.2708,"kali_year":5073,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4601,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":209.55782299999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":187.221223,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.3713},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":312.11152300000003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":230.58422299999995,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":229.32532300000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":230.68282299999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":40.753922999999986,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":289.4074,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":109.4074,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":11,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441271.770833,"kali_year":5073,"ahargana":1852806.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":209.0182,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":185.6836,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":336.6654,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.6654},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":185.6836,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.3503},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":34.7018},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":56,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.371,"elongation":23.335},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.371,"opposition_distance":156.665}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:43","sunsetLocal":"17:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:02","dayLengthHours":10.645183861324774,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 38 Mins 43 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 21 Mins 17 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:58","moonsetLocal":"16:08","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:42","end":"16:02","startHours":14.699017607810845,"endHours":16.029665590476444,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:23","end":"10:42","startHours":9.376425677148458,"endHours":10.707073659814055,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:02","end":"13:22","startHours":12.037721642479653,"endHours":13.368369625145249,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:12","end":"09:33","startHours":9.199005946126379,"endHours":9.553845408170538,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:10","end":"07:27","startHours":7.158679039372464,"endHours":7.442550609007791,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:41","end":"12:24","startHours":11.682882180435493,"endHours":12.392561104523812,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:18","end":"06:00","startHours":5.295771863640628,"endHours":6.005450787728947,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:50","end":"06:43","startHours":5.828031056706867,"endHours":6.715129711817265,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:49","end":"14:31","startHours":13.811918952700449,"endHours":14.521597876788768,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:10","end":"17:34","startHours":17.16031357314204,"endHours":17.56031357314204,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:22","end":"17:48","startHours":17.36031357314204,"endHours":17.80386290069724,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:07","end":"18:52","startHours":17.11031357314204,"endHours":18.86031357314204,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:41","end":"00:24","startHours":23.682882180435495,"endHours":24.39256110452381,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:43","end":"08:03","startHours":6.715129711817265,"endHours":8.045777694482862,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:03","end":"09:23","startHours":8.045777694482862,"endHours":9.376425677148458,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:23","end":"10:42","startHours":9.376425677148458,"endHours":10.707073659814055,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:42","end":"12:02","startHours":10.707073659814055,"endHours":12.037721642479653,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:02","end":"13:22","startHours":12.037721642479653,"endHours":13.368369625145249,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:22","end":"14:42","startHours":13.368369625145249,"endHours":14.699017607810845,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:42","end":"16:02","startHours":14.699017607810845,"endHours":16.029665590476444,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:02","end":"17:22","startHours":16.029665590476444,"endHours":17.36031357314204,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:22","end":"19:02","startHours":17.36031357314204,"endHours":19.029665590476444,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:02","end":"20:42","startHours":19.029665590476444,"endHours":20.699017607810845,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:42","end":"22:22","startHours":20.699017607810845,"endHours":22.36836962514525,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:22","end":"00:02","startHours":22.36836962514525,"endHours":24.037721642479653,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:02","end":"01:42","startHours":24.037721642479653,"endHours":25.707073659814057,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:42","end":"03:23","startHours":25.707073659814057,"endHours":27.37642567714846,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:23","end":"05:03","startHours":27.37642567714846,"endHours":29.04577769448286,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:03","end":"06:43","startHours":29.04577769448286,"endHours":30.715129711817266,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:43","end":"07:43","startHours":6.715129711817265,"endHours":7.715129711817265,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:43","end":"08:43","startHours":7.715129711817265,"endHours":8.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:43","end":"09:43","startHours":8.715129711817266,"endHours":9.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:43","end":"10:43","startHours":9.715129711817266,"endHours":10.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:43","end":"11:43","startHours":10.715129711817266,"endHours":11.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:43","end":"12:43","startHours":11.715129711817266,"endHours":12.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:43","end":"13:43","startHours":12.715129711817266,"endHours":13.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:43","end":"14:43","startHours":13.715129711817266,"endHours":14.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:43","end":"15:43","startHours":14.715129711817266,"endHours":15.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:43","end":"16:43","startHours":15.715129711817266,"endHours":16.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:43","end":"17:43","startHours":16.715129711817266,"endHours":17.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:43","end":"18:43","startHours":17.715129711817266,"endHours":18.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:43","end":"19:43","startHours":18.715129711817266,"endHours":19.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:43","end":"20:43","startHours":19.715129711817266,"endHours":20.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:43","end":"21:43","startHours":20.715129711817266,"endHours":21.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:43","end":"22:43","startHours":21.715129711817266,"endHours":22.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:43","end":"23:43","startHours":22.715129711817266,"endHours":23.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:43","end":"00:43","startHours":23.715129711817266,"endHours":24.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:43","end":"01:43","startHours":24.715129711817266,"endHours":25.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:43","end":"02:43","startHours":25.715129711817266,"endHours":26.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:43","end":"03:43","startHours":26.715129711817266,"endHours":27.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:43","end":"04:43","startHours":27.715129711817266,"endHours":28.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:43","end":"05:43","startHours":28.715129711817266,"endHours":29.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:43","end":"06:43","startHours":29.715129711817266,"endHours":30.715129711817266,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-18.524982894181154,"eotMinutes":14.66630145122086,"ayanamsa":23.4601}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2028,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1893,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1378,"malayalam_era":1147,"nanakshahi_year":502,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 2028 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1893 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga November 16, 1971 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"November 16, 1971 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:43, sūryāsta 17:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1971-11-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1971-11-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1971-11-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1971-11-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1971-11-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-30T23:54:03.805Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-30T23:54:03.805Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-30T23:54:03.805Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}