{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1968-12-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1968-12-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1968-12-16","date_display":"December 16, 1968 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1968,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440206.770833,"kali_year":5070,"ahargana":1851741.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":240.4365,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":191.1574,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":310.7209,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7209},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":191.1574,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.4907},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":71.5939},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1968,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440206.770833,"ahargana":1851741.2708,"kali_year":5070,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4194,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":240.73511400000007,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":188.64551400000005,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.923},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":178.99511400000006,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":246.170214,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":161.23731399999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":284.211914,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":355.865714,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":345.8363,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":165.8363,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1968,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440206.770833,"kali_year":5070,"ahargana":1851741.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":240.4365,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":191.1574,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":310.7209,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7209},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":191.1574,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.4907},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":71.5939},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.923,"elongation":49.279},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.923,"opposition_distance":130.721}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:07","sunsetLocal":"17:20","solarNoonLocal":"12:13","dayLengthHours":10.216756018556707,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 13 Mins 00 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 47 Mins 00 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:11","moonsetLocal":"14:19","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:23","end":"09:40","startHours":8.388927879255027,"endHours":9.666022381574615,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:57","end":"12:13","startHours":10.943116883894202,"endHours":12.22021138621379,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:30","end":"14:46","startHours":13.49730588853338,"endHours":14.774400390852968,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:30","end":"09:50","startHours":9.49574311459867,"endHours":9.83630164855056,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:32","end":"07:49","startHours":7.537531544375301,"endHours":7.809978371536813,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:53","end":"12:34","startHours":11.8796528522619,"endHours":12.560769920165681,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:45","end":"06:26","startHours":5.749599241127878,"endHours":6.4307163090316575,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:16","end":"07:07","startHours":6.260437042055713,"endHours":7.111833376935438,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:55","end":"14:36","startHours":13.923004055973243,"endHours":14.604121123877023,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:08","end":"17:32","startHours":17.128589395492146,"endHours":17.528589395492144,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:20","end":"17:45","startHours":17.328589395492145,"endHours":17.754287562932006,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:05","end":"18:50","startHours":17.078589395492145,"endHours":18.828589395492145,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:53","end":"00:34","startHours":23.879652852261902,"endHours":24.56076992016568,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:07","end":"08:23","startHours":7.111833376935438,"endHours":8.388927879255027,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:23","end":"09:40","startHours":8.388927879255027,"endHours":9.666022381574615,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:40","end":"10:57","startHours":9.666022381574615,"endHours":10.943116883894202,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:57","end":"12:13","startHours":10.943116883894202,"endHours":12.22021138621379,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:13","end":"13:30","startHours":12.22021138621379,"endHours":13.49730588853338,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:30","end":"14:46","startHours":13.49730588853338,"endHours":14.774400390852968,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:46","end":"16:03","startHours":14.774400390852968,"endHours":16.051494893172556,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:03","end":"17:20","startHours":16.051494893172556,"endHours":17.328589395492145,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:20","end":"19:03","startHours":17.328589395492145,"endHours":19.051494893172556,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:03","end":"20:46","startHours":19.051494893172556,"endHours":20.774400390852968,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:46","end":"22:30","startHours":20.774400390852968,"endHours":22.49730588853338,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:30","end":"00:13","startHours":22.49730588853338,"endHours":24.22021138621379,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:13","end":"01:57","startHours":24.22021138621379,"endHours":25.943116883894206,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:57","end":"03:40","startHours":25.943116883894206,"endHours":27.666022381574614,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:40","end":"05:23","startHours":27.666022381574614,"endHours":29.38892787925503,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:23","end":"07:07","startHours":29.38892787925503,"endHours":31.111833376935436,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:07","end":"08:07","startHours":7.111833376935438,"endHours":8.111833376935438,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:07","end":"09:07","startHours":8.111833376935438,"endHours":9.111833376935438,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:07","end":"10:07","startHours":9.111833376935438,"endHours":10.111833376935438,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:07","end":"11:07","startHours":10.111833376935438,"endHours":11.111833376935438,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:07","end":"12:07","startHours":11.111833376935438,"endHours":12.111833376935438,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:07","end":"13:07","startHours":12.111833376935438,"endHours":13.111833376935438,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:07","end":"14:07","startHours":13.111833376935438,"endHours":14.111833376935438,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:07","end":"15:07","startHours":14.111833376935438,"endHours":15.111833376935438,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:07","end":"16:07","startHours":15.111833376935438,"endHours":16.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:07","end":"17:07","startHours":16.111833376935436,"endHours":17.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:07","end":"18:07","startHours":17.111833376935436,"endHours":18.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:07","end":"19:07","startHours":18.111833376935436,"endHours":19.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:07","end":"20:07","startHours":19.111833376935436,"endHours":20.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:07","end":"21:07","startHours":20.111833376935436,"endHours":21.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:07","end":"22:07","startHours":21.111833376935436,"endHours":22.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:07","end":"23:07","startHours":22.111833376935436,"endHours":23.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:07","end":"00:07","startHours":23.111833376935436,"endHours":24.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:07","end":"01:07","startHours":24.111833376935436,"endHours":25.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:07","end":"02:07","startHours":25.111833376935436,"endHours":26.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:07","end":"03:07","startHours":26.111833376935436,"endHours":27.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:07","end":"04:07","startHours":27.111833376935436,"endHours":28.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:07","end":"05:07","startHours":28.111833376935436,"endHours":29.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":29.111833376935436,"endHours":30.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:07","end":"07:07","startHours":30.111833376935436,"endHours":31.111833376935436,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.307412405401287,"eotMinutes":3.716916827172506,"ayanamsa":23.4194}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2025,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1890,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1375,"malayalam_era":1144,"nanakshahi_year":499,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 2025 Durmati · Śaka 1890 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 16, 1968 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 16, 1968 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 07:07, sūryāsta 17:20.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1968-12-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1968-12-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1968-12-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1968-12-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1968-12-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T16:32:07.462Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T16:32:07.462Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-19T16:32:07.462Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}