{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1968-08-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1968-08-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1968-08-31","date_display":"August 31, 1968 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1968,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440099.770833,"kali_year":5070,"ahargana":1851634.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.6724,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":224.6213,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":90.9488,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.9488},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":224.6213,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.2879},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":358.2937},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1968,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440099.770833,"ahargana":1851634.2708,"kali_year":5070,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4153,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.281502,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":225.08900199999994,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.598},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":113.25470199999995,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":154.42450199999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":141.54130199999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":154.28310199999999,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":2.2229019999999764,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":351.5056,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":171.5056,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1968,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440099.770833,"kali_year":5070,"ahargana":1851634.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.6724,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":224.6213,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":90.9488,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.9488},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":224.6213,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.2879},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":358.2937},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.598,"elongation":90.949},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.598,"opposition_distance":89.051}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:53","sunsetLocal":"18:41","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":12.807174714968975,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 48 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 11 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:10","moonsetLocal":"23:30","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:05","end":"10:41","startHours":9.077939829201298,"endHours":10.678836668572421,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:53","end":"15:29","startHours":13.880630347314664,"endHours":15.481527186685787,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:53","end":"07:29","startHours":5.876146150459055,"endHours":7.477042989830177,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:52","end":"09:17","startHours":8.864486917285149,"endHours":9.291392741117448,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:25","end":"06:45","startHours":6.409778430249429,"endHours":6.751303089315268,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:51","end":"12:42","startHours":11.852827684111244,"endHours":12.706639331775843,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:10","end":"05:01","startHours":4.168522855129859,"endHours":5.0223345027944575,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:49","end":"05:53","startHours":4.808881590878308,"endHours":5.876146150459055,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:25","end":"15:16","startHours":14.414262627105037,"endHours":15.268074274769635,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:29","end":"18:53","startHours":18.48332086542803,"endHours":18.88332086542803,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:41","end":"19:13","startHours":18.68332086542803,"endHours":19.216953145218405,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:26","end":"20:11","startHours":18.43332086542803,"endHours":20.18332086542803,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:51","end":"00:42","startHours":23.852827684111244,"endHours":24.706639331775843,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:53","end":"07:29","startHours":5.876146150459055,"endHours":7.477042989830177,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:29","end":"09:05","startHours":7.477042989830177,"endHours":9.077939829201298,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:05","end":"10:41","startHours":9.077939829201298,"endHours":10.678836668572421,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:41","end":"12:17","startHours":10.678836668572421,"endHours":12.279733507943543,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:17","end":"13:53","startHours":12.279733507943543,"endHours":13.880630347314664,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:53","end":"15:29","startHours":13.880630347314664,"endHours":15.481527186685787,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:29","end":"17:05","startHours":15.481527186685787,"endHours":17.082424026056906,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:05","end":"18:41","startHours":17.082424026056906,"endHours":18.68332086542803,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:41","end":"20:05","startHours":18.68332086542803,"endHours":20.08242402605691,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:05","end":"21:29","startHours":20.08242402605691,"endHours":21.481527186685785,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:29","end":"22:53","startHours":21.481527186685785,"endHours":22.880630347314664,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:53","end":"00:17","startHours":22.880630347314664,"endHours":24.279733507943543,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:17","end":"01:41","startHours":24.279733507943543,"endHours":25.678836668572423,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:41","end":"03:05","startHours":25.678836668572423,"endHours":27.0779398292013,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:05","end":"04:29","startHours":27.0779398292013,"endHours":28.477042989830178,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:29","end":"05:53","startHours":28.477042989830178,"endHours":29.876146150459057,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:53","end":"06:53","startHours":5.876146150459055,"endHours":6.876146150459055,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:53","end":"07:53","startHours":6.876146150459055,"endHours":7.876146150459055,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:53","end":"08:53","startHours":7.876146150459055,"endHours":8.876146150459055,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:53","end":"09:53","startHours":8.876146150459055,"endHours":9.876146150459055,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:53","end":"10:53","startHours":9.876146150459055,"endHours":10.876146150459055,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:53","end":"11:53","startHours":10.876146150459055,"endHours":11.876146150459055,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:53","end":"12:53","startHours":11.876146150459055,"endHours":12.876146150459055,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:53","end":"13:53","startHours":12.876146150459055,"endHours":13.876146150459055,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:53","end":"14:53","startHours":13.876146150459055,"endHours":14.876146150459055,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:53","end":"15:53","startHours":14.876146150459055,"endHours":15.876146150459055,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:53","end":"16:53","startHours":15.876146150459055,"endHours":16.876146150459057,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:53","end":"17:53","startHours":16.876146150459057,"endHours":17.876146150459057,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:53","end":"18:53","startHours":17.876146150459057,"endHours":18.876146150459057,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:53","end":"19:53","startHours":18.876146150459057,"endHours":19.876146150459057,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:53","end":"20:53","startHours":19.876146150459057,"endHours":20.876146150459057,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:53","end":"21:53","startHours":20.876146150459057,"endHours":21.876146150459057,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:53","end":"22:53","startHours":21.876146150459057,"endHours":22.876146150459057,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:53","end":"23:53","startHours":22.876146150459057,"endHours":23.876146150459057,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:53","end":"00:53","startHours":23.876146150459057,"endHours":24.876146150459057,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:53","end":"01:53","startHours":24.876146150459057,"endHours":25.876146150459057,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:53","end":"02:53","startHours":25.876146150459057,"endHours":26.876146150459057,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:53","end":"03:53","startHours":26.876146150459057,"endHours":27.876146150459057,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:53","end":"04:53","startHours":27.876146150459057,"endHours":28.876146150459057,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:53","end":"05:53","startHours":28.876146150459057,"endHours":29.876146150459057,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":8.681553888045372,"eotMinutes":0.14558952338733633,"ayanamsa":23.4153}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2025,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1890,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1375,"malayalam_era":1144,"nanakshahi_year":499,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2025 Durmati · Śaka 1890 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"radhashtami","name":"Rādhāṣṭamī","name_sanskrit":"राधाष्टमी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Śrī Rādhā (Krishna's hlādinī-śakti)","significance":"Manifestation of Śrī Rādhā at Barsānā — Krishna's ādi-śakti.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":8,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Padma Purāṇa","Brahma-Vaivarta Purāṇa"]},{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Śukla Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 31, 1968 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 31, 1968 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 05:53, sūryāsta 18:41.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1968-08-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1968-08-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1968-08-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1968-08-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1968-08-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-20T00:17:57.549Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-20T00:17:57.549Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-20T00:17:57.549Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}