{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1965-01-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1965-01-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1965-01-20","date_display":"January 20, 1965 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1965,"month":1,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2438780.770833,"kali_year":5066,"ahargana":1850315.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.4312,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":129.5972,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":213.166,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.166},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":129.5972,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.5972},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":46.0284},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":35,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1965,"month":1,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2438780.770833,"ahargana":1850315.2708,"kali_year":5066,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.3648,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.4172980000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":131.02799800000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1777},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":154.60819800000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":256.02549799999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":23.591597999999976,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":256.78559799999994,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":310.51519800000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":61.3926,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":241.3926,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1965,"month":1,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2438780.770833,"kali_year":5066,"ahargana":1850315.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.4312,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":129.5972,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":213.166,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.166},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":129.5972,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.5972},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":46.0284},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":35,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.178,"elongation":146.834},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.178,"opposition_distance":33.166}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-17,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.5,"elongation":2.813}]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:13","sunsetLocal":"17:43","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":10.499167211107997,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 29 Mins 57 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 30 Mins 03 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:20","moonsetLocal":"09:12","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:28","end":"13:47","startHours":12.464898388953824,"endHours":13.777294290342322,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:32","end":"09:50","startHours":8.527710684788325,"endHours":9.840106586176823,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:09","end":"12:28","startHours":11.152502487565323,"endHours":12.464898388953824,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:40","end":"10:01","startHours":9.665120465991691,"endHours":10.015092706361957,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:39","end":"07:56","startHours":7.652780083862657,"endHours":7.93275787615887,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:07","end":"12:49","startHours":12.114926148583555,"endHours":12.814870629324089,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:49","end":"06:31","startHours":5.815425821918758,"endHours":6.515370302659291,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:20","end":"07:13","startHours":6.340384182474158,"endHours":7.215314783399824,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:13","end":"14:55","startHours":14.214759590805155,"endHours":14.914704071545689,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:31","end":"17:55","startHours":17.514481994507822,"endHours":17.91448199450782,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:43","end":"18:09","startHours":17.71448199450782,"endHours":18.151947294970654,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:28","end":"19:13","startHours":17.46448199450782,"endHours":19.21448199450782,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:07","end":"00:49","startHours":24.114926148583553,"endHours":24.814870629324087,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"07:13","end":"08:32","startHours":7.215314783399824,"endHours":8.527710684788325,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:32","end":"09:50","startHours":8.527710684788325,"endHours":9.840106586176823,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:50","end":"11:09","startHours":9.840106586176823,"endHours":11.152502487565323,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:09","end":"12:28","startHours":11.152502487565323,"endHours":12.464898388953824,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:28","end":"13:47","startHours":12.464898388953824,"endHours":13.777294290342322,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:47","end":"15:05","startHours":13.777294290342322,"endHours":15.089690191730822,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:05","end":"16:24","startHours":15.089690191730822,"endHours":16.402086093119323,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:24","end":"17:43","startHours":16.402086093119323,"endHours":17.71448199450782,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:43","end":"19:24","startHours":17.71448199450782,"endHours":19.402086093119323,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:24","end":"21:05","startHours":19.402086093119323,"endHours":21.08969019173082,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:05","end":"22:47","startHours":21.08969019173082,"endHours":22.777294290342322,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:47","end":"00:28","startHours":22.777294290342322,"endHours":24.464898388953824,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:28","end":"02:09","startHours":24.464898388953824,"endHours":26.15250248756532,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:09","end":"03:50","startHours":26.15250248756532,"endHours":27.840106586176823,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:50","end":"05:32","startHours":27.840106586176823,"endHours":29.527710684788325,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:32","end":"07:13","startHours":29.527710684788325,"endHours":31.215314783399826,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:13","end":"08:13","startHours":7.215314783399824,"endHours":8.215314783399824,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:13","end":"09:13","startHours":8.215314783399824,"endHours":9.215314783399824,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:13","end":"10:13","startHours":9.215314783399824,"endHours":10.215314783399824,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:13","end":"11:13","startHours":10.215314783399824,"endHours":11.215314783399824,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:13","end":"12:13","startHours":11.215314783399824,"endHours":12.215314783399824,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:13","end":"13:13","startHours":12.215314783399824,"endHours":13.215314783399824,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:13","end":"14:13","startHours":13.215314783399824,"endHours":14.215314783399824,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:13","end":"15:13","startHours":14.215314783399824,"endHours":15.215314783399824,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:13","end":"16:13","startHours":15.215314783399824,"endHours":16.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:13","end":"17:13","startHours":16.215314783399826,"endHours":17.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:13","end":"18:13","startHours":17.215314783399826,"endHours":18.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:13","end":"19:13","startHours":18.215314783399826,"endHours":19.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:13","end":"20:13","startHours":19.215314783399826,"endHours":20.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:13","end":"21:13","startHours":20.215314783399826,"endHours":21.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:13","end":"22:13","startHours":21.215314783399826,"endHours":22.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:13","end":"23:13","startHours":22.215314783399826,"endHours":23.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:13","end":"00:13","startHours":23.215314783399826,"endHours":24.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:13","end":"01:13","startHours":24.215314783399826,"endHours":25.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:13","end":"02:13","startHours":25.215314783399826,"endHours":26.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:13","end":"03:13","startHours":26.215314783399826,"endHours":27.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:13","end":"04:13","startHours":27.215314783399826,"endHours":28.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:13","end":"05:13","startHours":28.215314783399826,"endHours":29.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:13","end":"06:13","startHours":29.215314783399826,"endHours":30.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:13","end":"07:13","startHours":30.215314783399826,"endHours":31.215314783399826,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.194019154847215,"eotMinutes":-10.9643033372293,"ayanamsa":23.3648}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2022,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1887,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1372,"malayalam_era":1141,"nanakshahi_year":496,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā · Vikram 2022 Kālayukta · Śaka 1887 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 20, 1965 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 20, 1965 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 07:13, sūryāsta 17:43.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1965-01-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1965-01-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1965-01-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1965-01-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1965-01-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-23T03:42:32.478Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-23T03:42:32.478Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-23T03:42:32.478Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}