{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1961-07-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1961-07-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1961-07-20","date_display":"July 20, 1961 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1961,"month":7,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2437500.770833,"kali_year":5063,"ahargana":1849035.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":93.4021,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":176.7954,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":83.3933,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.3933},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":176.7954,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.4621},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":270.1975},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":13,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1961,"month":7,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2437500.770833,"ahargana":1849035.2708,"kali_year":5063,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.3159,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":93.77430300000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":173.079203,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.3206},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":139.814103,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":73.95260300000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":280.289803,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":50.93710299999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":273.83750299999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":129.2132,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":309.2132,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1961,"month":7,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2437500.770833,"kali_year":5063,"ahargana":1849035.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":93.4021,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":176.7954,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":83.3933,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.3933},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":176.7954,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.4621},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":270.1975},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":13,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.321,"elongation":83.393},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.321,"opposition_distance":96.607}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:28","sunsetLocal":"19:18","solarNoonLocal":"12:23","dayLengthHours":13.830566544443311,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 49 Mins 50 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 10 Mins 10 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:52","moonsetLocal":"23:28","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:07","end":"15:50","startHours":14.110884504974702,"endHours":15.839705323030117,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:28","end":"07:12","startHours":5.4667804146976335,"endHours":7.195601232753047,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:55","end":"10:39","startHours":8.924422050808461,"endHours":10.653242868863874,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:42","end":"09:09","startHours":8.693912608401073,"endHours":9.15493149321585,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:03","end":"06:25","startHours":6.043054020716105,"endHours":6.411869128567926,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:55","end":"12:51","startHours":11.921044802104513,"endHours":12.843082571734067,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:37","end":"04:33","startHours":3.6227048754385254,"endHours":4.544742645068079,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:19","end":"05:28","startHours":4.314233202660691,"endHours":5.4667804146976335,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:37","startHours":14.687158110993174,"endHours":15.609195880622728,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:06","end":"19:30","startHours":19.097346959140946,"endHours":19.497346959140945,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:18","end":"19:52","startHours":19.297346959140945,"endHours":19.873620565159417,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:03","end":"20:48","startHours":19.047346959140945,"endHours":20.797346959140945,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:55","end":"00:51","startHours":23.92104480210451,"endHours":24.843082571734065,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:28","end":"07:12","startHours":5.4667804146976335,"endHours":7.195601232753047,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:12","end":"08:55","startHours":7.195601232753047,"endHours":8.924422050808461,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:55","end":"10:39","startHours":8.924422050808461,"endHours":10.653242868863874,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:39","end":"12:23","startHours":10.653242868863874,"endHours":12.382063686919288,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:23","end":"14:07","startHours":12.382063686919288,"endHours":14.110884504974702,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:07","end":"15:50","startHours":14.110884504974702,"endHours":15.839705323030117,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:50","end":"17:34","startHours":15.839705323030117,"endHours":17.56852614108553,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:34","end":"19:18","startHours":17.56852614108553,"endHours":19.297346959140945,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:18","end":"20:34","startHours":19.297346959140945,"endHours":20.56852614108553,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:34","end":"21:50","startHours":20.56852614108553,"endHours":21.839705323030117,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:50","end":"23:07","startHours":21.839705323030117,"endHours":23.110884504974702,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:07","end":"00:23","startHours":23.110884504974702,"endHours":24.382063686919288,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:23","end":"01:39","startHours":24.382063686919288,"endHours":25.653242868863877,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:39","end":"02:55","startHours":25.653242868863877,"endHours":26.924422050808463,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:55","end":"04:12","startHours":26.924422050808463,"endHours":28.19560123275305,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:12","end":"05:28","startHours":28.19560123275305,"endHours":29.466780414697634,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:28","end":"06:28","startHours":5.4667804146976335,"endHours":6.4667804146976335,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:28","end":"07:28","startHours":6.4667804146976335,"endHours":7.4667804146976335,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:28","end":"08:28","startHours":7.4667804146976335,"endHours":8.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:28","end":"09:28","startHours":8.466780414697634,"endHours":9.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:28","end":"10:28","startHours":9.466780414697634,"endHours":10.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:28","end":"11:28","startHours":10.466780414697634,"endHours":11.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:28","end":"12:28","startHours":11.466780414697634,"endHours":12.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:28","end":"13:28","startHours":12.466780414697634,"endHours":13.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:28","end":"14:28","startHours":13.466780414697634,"endHours":14.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:28","end":"15:28","startHours":14.466780414697634,"endHours":15.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:28","end":"16:28","startHours":15.466780414697634,"endHours":16.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:28","end":"17:28","startHours":16.466780414697634,"endHours":17.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:28","end":"18:28","startHours":17.466780414697634,"endHours":18.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:28","end":"19:28","startHours":18.466780414697634,"endHours":19.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:28","end":"20:28","startHours":19.466780414697634,"endHours":20.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:28","end":"21:28","startHours":20.466780414697634,"endHours":21.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:28","end":"22:28","startHours":21.466780414697634,"endHours":22.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:28","end":"23:28","startHours":22.466780414697634,"endHours":23.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:28","end":"00:28","startHours":23.466780414697634,"endHours":24.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:28","end":"01:28","startHours":24.466780414697634,"endHours":25.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:28","end":"02:28","startHours":25.466780414697634,"endHours":26.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:28","end":"03:28","startHours":26.466780414697634,"endHours":27.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:28","end":"04:28","startHours":27.466780414697634,"endHours":28.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:28","end":"05:28","startHours":28.466780414697634,"endHours":29.466780414697634,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":20.738142711274097,"eotMinutes":-5.99422121515736,"ayanamsa":23.3159}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2018,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1883,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1368,"malayalam_era":1137,"nanakshahi_year":492,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2018 Ānanda · Śaka 1883 Plava"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 20, 1961 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 20, 1961 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 05:28, sūryāsta 19:18.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1961-07-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1961-07-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1961-07-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1961-07-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1961-07-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-30T23:04:14.561Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-30T23:04:14.561Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-30T23:04:14.561Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}