{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1949-01-19:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1949-01-19","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1949-01-19","date_display":"January 19, 1949 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1949,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432935.770833,"kali_year":5050,"ahargana":1844470.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":275.5492,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":149.0443,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":233.4951,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.4951},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":149.0443,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.3776},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":64.5934},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1949,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432935.770833,"ahargana":1844470.2708,"kali_year":5050,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.1413,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":275.50451999999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":152.01702,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.012},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":288.84572000000003,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":294.95892000000003,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":262.70992,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":254.67272000000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":132.41872,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":11.0888,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":191.0888,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1949,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432935.770833,"kali_year":5050,"ahargana":1844470.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":275.5492,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":149.0443,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":233.4951,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.4951},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":149.0443,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.3776},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":64.5934},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.012,"elongation":126.505},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.012,"opposition_distance":53.495}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:13","sunsetLocal":"17:42","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":10.478310044147932,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 28 Mins 42 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 31 Mins 18 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:06","moonsetLocal":"10:21","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:28","end":"13:46","startHours":12.459860898897006,"endHours":13.769649654415495,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:32","end":"09:50","startHours":8.53049463234153,"endHours":9.840283387860023,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:09","end":"12:28","startHours":11.150072143378512,"endHours":12.459860898897006,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:40","end":"10:01","startHours":9.665644887124223,"endHours":10.01492188859582,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:39","end":"07:56","startHours":7.657302128662536,"endHours":7.936723729839814,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:07","end":"12:49","startHours":12.110583897425409,"endHours":12.809137900368603,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:49","end":"06:31","startHours":5.823597870936648,"endHours":6.522151873879843,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:21","end":"07:13","startHours":6.347513373144045,"endHours":7.220705876823039,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:12","end":"14:54","startHours":14.206245906254994,"endHours":14.90479990919819,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:30","end":"17:54","startHours":17.499015920970972,"endHours":17.89901592097097,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:42","end":"18:08","startHours":17.69901592097097,"endHours":18.135612172810468,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:27","end":"19:12","startHours":17.44901592097097,"endHours":19.19901592097097,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:07","end":"00:49","startHours":24.110583897425407,"endHours":24.809137900368604,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"07:13","end":"08:32","startHours":7.220705876823039,"endHours":8.53049463234153,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:32","end":"09:50","startHours":8.53049463234153,"endHours":9.840283387860023,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:50","end":"11:09","startHours":9.840283387860023,"endHours":11.150072143378512,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:09","end":"12:28","startHours":11.150072143378512,"endHours":12.459860898897006,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:28","end":"13:46","startHours":12.459860898897006,"endHours":13.769649654415495,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:46","end":"15:05","startHours":13.769649654415495,"endHours":15.079438409933989,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:05","end":"16:23","startHours":15.079438409933989,"endHours":16.38922716545248,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:23","end":"17:42","startHours":16.38922716545248,"endHours":17.69901592097097,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:42","end":"19:23","startHours":17.69901592097097,"endHours":19.389227165452482,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:23","end":"21:05","startHours":19.389227165452482,"endHours":21.07943840993399,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:05","end":"22:46","startHours":21.07943840993399,"endHours":22.769649654415495,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:46","end":"00:28","startHours":22.769649654415495,"endHours":24.459860898897006,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:28","end":"02:09","startHours":24.459860898897006,"endHours":26.150072143378516,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:09","end":"03:50","startHours":26.150072143378516,"endHours":27.840283387860023,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:50","end":"05:32","startHours":27.840283387860023,"endHours":29.53049463234153,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:32","end":"07:13","startHours":29.53049463234153,"endHours":31.22070587682304,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:13","end":"08:13","startHours":7.220705876823039,"endHours":8.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:13","end":"09:13","startHours":8.22070587682304,"endHours":9.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:13","end":"10:13","startHours":9.22070587682304,"endHours":10.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:13","end":"11:13","startHours":10.22070587682304,"endHours":11.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:13","end":"12:13","startHours":11.22070587682304,"endHours":12.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:13","end":"13:13","startHours":12.22070587682304,"endHours":13.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:13","end":"14:13","startHours":13.22070587682304,"endHours":14.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:13","end":"15:13","startHours":14.22070587682304,"endHours":15.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:13","end":"16:13","startHours":15.22070587682304,"endHours":16.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:13","end":"17:13","startHours":16.22070587682304,"endHours":17.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:13","end":"18:13","startHours":17.22070587682304,"endHours":18.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:13","end":"19:13","startHours":18.22070587682304,"endHours":19.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:13","end":"20:13","startHours":19.22070587682304,"endHours":20.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:13","end":"21:13","startHours":20.22070587682304,"endHours":21.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:13","end":"22:13","startHours":21.22070587682304,"endHours":22.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:13","end":"23:13","startHours":22.22070587682304,"endHours":23.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:13","end":"00:13","startHours":23.22070587682304,"endHours":24.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:13","end":"01:13","startHours":24.22070587682304,"endHours":25.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:13","end":"02:13","startHours":25.22070587682304,"endHours":26.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:13","end":"03:13","startHours":26.22070587682304,"endHours":27.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:13","end":"04:13","startHours":27.22070587682304,"endHours":28.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:13","end":"05:13","startHours":28.22070587682304,"endHours":29.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:13","end":"06:13","startHours":29.22070587682304,"endHours":30.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:13","end":"07:13","startHours":30.22070587682304,"endHours":31.22070587682304,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mātaṇga","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.42921745144502,"eotMinutes":-10.662053933820344,"ayanamsa":23.1413}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2006,"vikram_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","saka_samvat":1871,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhi","bengali_samvat":1356,"malayalam_era":1125,"nanakshahi_year":480,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2006 Śubhakṛt · Śaka 1871 Virodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 19, 1949 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 19, 1949 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:13, sūryāsta 17:42.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1949-01-19","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1949-01-19","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1949-01-19","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1949-01-19","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1949-01-19"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T10:27:37.790Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T10:27:37.790Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-22T10:27:37.790Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}