{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1948-04-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1948-04-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1948-04-18","date_display":"April 18, 1948 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1948,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432659.770833,"kali_year":5050,"ahargana":1844194.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":5.0226,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":112.9931,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":107.9705,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9705},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":112.9931,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.3265},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":118.0158},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1948,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432659.770833,"ahargana":1844194.2708,"kali_year":5050,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.1307,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":4.7868649999999775,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":110.95166499999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4949},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":117.813965,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":353.447265,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":247.19476499999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":51.18026500000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":112.918565,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":25.7126,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":205.7126,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1948,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432659.770833,"kali_year":5050,"ahargana":1844194.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":5.0226,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":112.9931,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":107.9705,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9705},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":112.9931,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.3265},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":118.0158},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.495,"elongation":107.971},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.495,"opposition_distance":72.029}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:47","sunsetLocal":"18:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:16","dayLengthHours":12.972158367918517,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 58 Mins 20 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 01 Mins 40 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:38","moonsetLocal":"02:04","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:08","end":"18:46","startHours":17.138288006371386,"endHours":18.759807802361202,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:16","end":"13:54","startHours":12.273728618401943,"endHours":13.895248414391759,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:31","end":"17:08","startHours":15.516768210381573,"endHours":17.138288006371386,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:49","end":"09:15","startHours":8.814486386957006,"endHours":9.246891665887622,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:20","end":"06:40","startHours":6.328156033105956,"endHours":6.67408025625045,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:50","end":"12:42","startHours":11.841323339471327,"endHours":12.70613389733256,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:03","end":"04:55","startHours":4.058028318720216,"endHours":4.92283887658145,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:42","end":"05:47","startHours":4.706636237116141,"endHours":5.7876494344426845,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:26","end":"15:18","startHours":14.43575501305503,"endHours":15.300565570916264,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:34","end":"18:58","startHours":18.559807802361203,"endHours":18.9598078023612,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:46","end":"19:18","startHours":18.759807802361202,"endHours":19.300314401024472,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:31","end":"20:16","startHours":18.509807802361202,"endHours":20.259807802361202,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:50","end":"00:42","startHours":23.841323339471327,"endHours":24.70613389733256,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:47","end":"07:25","startHours":5.7876494344426845,"endHours":7.409169230432499,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:25","end":"09:02","startHours":7.409169230432499,"endHours":9.030689026422314,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:02","end":"10:39","startHours":9.030689026422314,"endHours":10.652208822412128,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:39","end":"12:16","startHours":10.652208822412128,"endHours":12.273728618401943,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:16","end":"13:54","startHours":12.273728618401943,"endHours":13.895248414391759,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:54","end":"15:31","startHours":13.895248414391759,"endHours":15.516768210381573,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:31","end":"17:08","startHours":15.516768210381573,"endHours":17.138288006371386,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:08","end":"18:46","startHours":17.138288006371386,"endHours":18.759807802361202,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:46","end":"20:08","startHours":18.759807802361202,"endHours":20.138288006371386,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:08","end":"21:31","startHours":20.138288006371386,"endHours":21.51676821038157,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:31","end":"22:54","startHours":21.51676821038157,"endHours":22.89524841439176,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:54","end":"00:16","startHours":22.89524841439176,"endHours":24.273728618401943,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:16","end":"01:39","startHours":24.273728618401943,"endHours":25.652208822412128,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:39","end":"03:02","startHours":25.652208822412128,"endHours":27.030689026422316,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:02","end":"04:25","startHours":27.030689026422316,"endHours":28.4091692304325,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:25","end":"05:47","startHours":28.4091692304325,"endHours":29.787649434442685,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:47","end":"06:47","startHours":5.7876494344426845,"endHours":6.7876494344426845,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:47","end":"07:47","startHours":6.7876494344426845,"endHours":7.7876494344426845,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:47","end":"08:47","startHours":7.7876494344426845,"endHours":8.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:47","end":"09:47","startHours":8.787649434442685,"endHours":9.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:47","end":"10:47","startHours":9.787649434442685,"endHours":10.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:47","end":"11:47","startHours":10.787649434442685,"endHours":11.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:47","end":"12:47","startHours":11.787649434442685,"endHours":12.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:47","end":"13:47","startHours":12.787649434442685,"endHours":13.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:47","end":"14:47","startHours":13.787649434442685,"endHours":14.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:47","end":"15:47","startHours":14.787649434442685,"endHours":15.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:47","end":"16:47","startHours":15.787649434442685,"endHours":16.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:47","end":"17:47","startHours":16.787649434442685,"endHours":17.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:47","end":"18:47","startHours":17.787649434442685,"endHours":18.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:47","end":"19:47","startHours":18.787649434442685,"endHours":19.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:47","end":"20:47","startHours":19.787649434442685,"endHours":20.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:47","end":"21:47","startHours":20.787649434442685,"endHours":21.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:47","end":"22:47","startHours":21.787649434442685,"endHours":22.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:47","end":"23:47","startHours":22.787649434442685,"endHours":23.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:47","end":"00:47","startHours":23.787649434442685,"endHours":24.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:47","end":"01:47","startHours":24.787649434442685,"endHours":25.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:47","end":"02:47","startHours":25.787649434442685,"endHours":26.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:47","end":"03:47","startHours":26.787649434442685,"endHours":27.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:47","end":"04:47","startHours":27.787649434442685,"endHours":28.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:47","end":"05:47","startHours":28.787649434442685,"endHours":29.787649434442685,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":10.732189295784854,"eotMinutes":0.5058828958834352,"ayanamsa":23.1307}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2005,"vikram_samvatsara":"Plava","saka_samvat":1870,"saka_samvatsara":"Sarvadhāri","bengali_samvat":1355,"malayalam_era":1124,"nanakshahi_year":479,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2005 Plava · Śaka 1870 Sarvadhāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"rama-navami","name":"Rāma Navamī","name_sanskrit":"राम नवमी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Rāma (18th avatāra of Krishna)","deity_avatara_index":18,"significance":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā. Sūryavaṃśa's most exalted moment.","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Madhyāhna (noon) abhiṣekam in Ayodhyā tradition","detection":{"tithi_number":9,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":1,"related_chart":"rama","historical_anchor":{"event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","date_julian":"-1626101-04-03","location":"Ayodhyā"},"sources":["Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa, Bāla-Kāṇḍa 1.18"]}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"rama-navami-walk","name":"Rāma Navamī Walk","name_sanskrit":"राम नवमी यात्रा","type":"festival","description":"Vālmīki Bāla-Kāṇḍa selections + BG 4.7-8 (avatāra principle).","step_count":9,"url":"/walk/rama-navami-walk"},"reason":"Today is Rāma Navamī — its dedicated walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Śukla Navamī","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 18, 1948 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 18, 1948 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 05:47, sūryāsta 18:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1948-04-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1948-04-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1948-04-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1948-04-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1948-04-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T12:23:33.530Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T12:23:33.530Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T12:23:33.530Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}