{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1931-02-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1931-02-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1931-02-28","date_display":"February 28, 1931 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1931,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2426400.770833,"kali_year":5032,"ahargana":1837935.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.9115,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":77.8639,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":121.9524,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.9524},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":77.8639,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.1973},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":33.7754},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1931,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2426400.770833,"ahargana":1837935.2708,"kali_year":5032,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.8913,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.6013049999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":74.68570499999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4384},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":95.968705,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":303.55230499999993,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":78.30830500000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":271.408005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":267.572505,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":357.3446,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":177.3446,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1931,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2426400.770833,"kali_year":5032,"ahargana":1837935.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.9115,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":77.8639,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":121.9524,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.9524},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":77.8639,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.1973},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":33.7754},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.438,"elongation":121.952},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.438,"opposition_distance":58.048}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:46","sunsetLocal":"18:14","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":11.476961574467664,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 28 Mins 37 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 31 Mins 23 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:26","moonsetLocal":"03:27","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:38","end":"11:04","startHours":9.63330392015021,"endHours":11.067924116958668,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:56","end":"15:22","startHours":13.937164510575585,"endHours":15.371784707384041,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:46","end":"08:12","startHours":6.764063526533294,"endHours":8.198683723341752,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:27","end":"09:49","startHours":9.442021227242416,"endHours":9.824586613058004,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:15","end":"07:33","startHours":7.24227025880278,"endHours":7.5483225674552505,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:07","end":"12:53","startHours":12.119978927951536,"endHours":12.885109699582713,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:14","end":"06:00","startHours":5.233801983270938,"endHours":5.998932754902116,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:48","end":"06:46","startHours":5.807650061994321,"endHours":6.764063526533294,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:25","end":"15:11","startHours":14.415371242845069,"endHours":15.180502014476247,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:02","end":"18:26","startHours":18.041025101000958,"endHours":18.441025101000957,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:14","end":"18:43","startHours":18.241025101000957,"endHours":18.71923183327044,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:59","end":"19:44","startHours":17.991025101000957,"endHours":19.741025101000957,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:07","end":"00:53","startHours":24.119978927951536,"endHours":24.885109699582713,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:46","end":"08:12","startHours":6.764063526533294,"endHours":8.198683723341752,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:12","end":"09:38","startHours":8.198683723341752,"endHours":9.63330392015021,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:38","end":"11:04","startHours":9.63330392015021,"endHours":11.067924116958668,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:04","end":"12:30","startHours":11.067924116958668,"endHours":12.502544313767125,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:30","end":"13:56","startHours":12.502544313767125,"endHours":13.937164510575585,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:56","end":"15:22","startHours":13.937164510575585,"endHours":15.371784707384041,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:22","end":"16:48","startHours":15.371784707384041,"endHours":16.806404904192497,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:48","end":"18:14","startHours":16.806404904192497,"endHours":18.241025101000957,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:14","end":"19:48","startHours":18.241025101000957,"endHours":19.8064049041925,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:48","end":"21:22","startHours":19.8064049041925,"endHours":21.37178470738404,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:22","end":"22:56","startHours":21.37178470738404,"endHours":22.937164510575585,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:56","end":"00:30","startHours":22.937164510575585,"endHours":24.502544313767125,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:30","end":"02:04","startHours":24.502544313767125,"endHours":26.067924116958668,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:04","end":"03:38","startHours":26.067924116958668,"endHours":27.63330392015021,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:38","end":"05:12","startHours":27.63330392015021,"endHours":29.19868372334175,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:12","end":"06:46","startHours":29.19868372334175,"endHours":30.764063526533292,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:46","end":"07:46","startHours":6.764063526533294,"endHours":7.764063526533294,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:46","end":"08:46","startHours":7.764063526533294,"endHours":8.764063526533294,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:46","end":"09:46","startHours":8.764063526533294,"endHours":9.764063526533294,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:46","end":"10:46","startHours":9.764063526533294,"endHours":10.764063526533294,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:46","end":"11:46","startHours":10.764063526533294,"endHours":11.764063526533294,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:46","end":"12:46","startHours":11.764063526533294,"endHours":12.764063526533294,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:46","end":"13:46","startHours":12.764063526533294,"endHours":13.764063526533294,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:46","end":"14:46","startHours":13.764063526533294,"endHours":14.764063526533294,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:46","end":"15:46","startHours":14.764063526533294,"endHours":15.764063526533294,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:46","end":"16:46","startHours":15.764063526533294,"endHours":16.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:46","end":"17:46","startHours":16.764063526533292,"endHours":17.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:46","end":"18:46","startHours":17.764063526533292,"endHours":18.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:46","end":"19:46","startHours":18.764063526533292,"endHours":19.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:46","end":"20:46","startHours":19.764063526533292,"endHours":20.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:46","end":"21:46","startHours":20.764063526533292,"endHours":21.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:46","end":"22:46","startHours":21.764063526533292,"endHours":22.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:46","end":"23:46","startHours":22.764063526533292,"endHours":23.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:46","end":"00:46","startHours":23.764063526533292,"endHours":24.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:46","end":"01:46","startHours":24.764063526533292,"endHours":25.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:46","end":"02:46","startHours":25.764063526533292,"endHours":26.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:46","end":"03:46","startHours":26.764063526533292,"endHours":27.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:46","end":"04:46","startHours":27.764063526533292,"endHours":28.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:46","end":"05:46","startHours":28.764063526533292,"endHours":29.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:46","end":"06:46","startHours":29.764063526533292,"endHours":30.764063526533292,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-8.384604051446827,"eotMinutes":-13.223058826027486,"ayanamsa":22.8913}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1988,"vikram_samvatsara":"Tāraṇa","saka_samvat":1853,"saka_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","bengali_samvat":1338,"malayalam_era":1107,"nanakshahi_year":462,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 1988 Tāraṇa · Śaka 1853 Prajāpati"},"festivals":[{"id":"amalaki-ekadashi","name":"Āmalakī Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"आमलकी एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu (in Āmalakī tree)","significance":"Worship of Āmalakī (Indian gooseberry, sacred to Viṣṇu).","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Phālguna"},"precedence":4},{"id":"rangbhari-ekadashi","name":"Raṅgbhari Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"रङ्गभरी एकादशी","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva-Pārvatī","significance":"Kāśī tradition: Śiva brings Pārvatī home; rang-utsava begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Phālguna"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 28, 1931 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 28, 1931 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:46, sūryāsta 18:14.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1931-02-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1931-02-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1931-02-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1931-02-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1931-02-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T14:37:20.652Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T14:37:20.652Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T14:37:20.652Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}