{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1930-04-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1930-04-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1930-04-28","date_display":"April 28, 1930 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1930,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2426094.770833,"kali_year":5032,"ahargana":1837629.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.3918,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":4.1786,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":349.7869,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.7869},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":4.1786,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.1786},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":18.5704},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":58,"name":"Catuṣpāda"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1930,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2426094.770833,"ahargana":1837629.2708,"kali_year":5032,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.8796,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.15519599999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":4.87439599999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.7326},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":340.661796,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":35.65339599999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":54.771996,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":35.08649600000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":259.322996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":13.5579,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":193.5579,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1930,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2426094.770833,"kali_year":5032,"ahargana":1837629.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.3918,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":4.1786,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":349.7869,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.7869},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":4.1786,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.1786},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":18.5704},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":58,"name":"Catuṣpāda"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.733,"elongation":10.213},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.733,"opposition_distance":169.787}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-15,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.195,"opposition_distance":0.882},{"offset_days":1,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.313,"elongation":2.143}]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:38","sunsetLocal":"18:51","solarNoonLocal":"12:14","dayLengthHours":13.22959614702011,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 13 Mins 47 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 46 Mins 13 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:09","moonsetLocal":"18:05","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:17","end":"08:56","startHours":7.279521942277128,"endHours":8.933221460654643,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:35","end":"12:14","startHours":10.586920979032156,"endHours":12.240620497409669,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:54","end":"15:33","startHours":13.894320015787184,"endHours":15.548019534164698,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:43","end":"09:09","startHours":8.71272819153764,"endHours":9.153714729771643,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:11","end":"06:32","startHours":6.177055596692119,"endHours":6.529844827279322,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:48","end":"12:41","startHours":11.799633959175665,"endHours":12.681607035643673,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:52","end":"04:45","startHours":3.8618762709635996,"endHours":4.743849347431607,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:31","end":"05:38","startHours":4.523356078314605,"endHours":5.625822423899614,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:27","end":"15:20","startHours":14.445553188579687,"endHours":15.327526265047695,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:39","end":"19:03","startHours":18.655418570919725,"endHours":19.055418570919723,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:51","end":"19:24","startHours":18.855418570919724,"endHours":19.406651743712228,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:36","end":"20:21","startHours":18.605418570919724,"endHours":20.355418570919724,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:48","end":"00:41","startHours":23.799633959175665,"endHours":24.681607035643673,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:38","end":"07:17","startHours":5.625822423899614,"endHours":7.279521942277128,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:17","end":"08:56","startHours":7.279521942277128,"endHours":8.933221460654643,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:56","end":"10:35","startHours":8.933221460654643,"endHours":10.586920979032156,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:35","end":"12:14","startHours":10.586920979032156,"endHours":12.240620497409669,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:14","end":"13:54","startHours":12.240620497409669,"endHours":13.894320015787184,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:54","end":"15:33","startHours":13.894320015787184,"endHours":15.548019534164698,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:33","end":"17:12","startHours":15.548019534164698,"endHours":17.20171905254221,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:12","end":"18:51","startHours":17.20171905254221,"endHours":18.855418570919724,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:51","end":"20:12","startHours":18.855418570919724,"endHours":20.20171905254221,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:12","end":"21:33","startHours":20.20171905254221,"endHours":21.548019534164695,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:33","end":"22:54","startHours":21.548019534164695,"endHours":22.894320015787184,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:54","end":"00:14","startHours":22.894320015787184,"endHours":24.24062049740967,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:14","end":"01:35","startHours":24.24062049740967,"endHours":25.586920979032154,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:35","end":"02:56","startHours":25.586920979032154,"endHours":26.933221460654643,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:56","end":"04:17","startHours":26.933221460654643,"endHours":28.27952194227713,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:17","end":"05:38","startHours":28.27952194227713,"endHours":29.625822423899614,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:38","end":"06:38","startHours":5.625822423899614,"endHours":6.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:38","end":"07:38","startHours":6.625822423899614,"endHours":7.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:38","end":"08:38","startHours":7.625822423899614,"endHours":8.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:38","end":"09:38","startHours":8.625822423899614,"endHours":9.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:38","end":"10:38","startHours":9.625822423899614,"endHours":10.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:38","end":"11:38","startHours":10.625822423899614,"endHours":11.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:38","end":"12:38","startHours":11.625822423899614,"endHours":12.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:38","end":"13:38","startHours":12.625822423899614,"endHours":13.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:38","end":"14:38","startHours":13.625822423899614,"endHours":14.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:38","end":"15:38","startHours":14.625822423899614,"endHours":15.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:38","end":"16:38","startHours":15.625822423899614,"endHours":16.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:38","end":"17:38","startHours":16.625822423899614,"endHours":17.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:38","end":"18:38","startHours":17.625822423899614,"endHours":18.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:38","end":"19:38","startHours":18.625822423899614,"endHours":19.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:38","end":"20:38","startHours":19.625822423899614,"endHours":20.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:38","end":"21:38","startHours":20.625822423899614,"endHours":21.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:38","end":"22:38","startHours":21.625822423899614,"endHours":22.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:38","end":"23:38","startHours":22.625822423899614,"endHours":23.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:38","end":"00:38","startHours":23.625822423899614,"endHours":24.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:38","end":"01:38","startHours":24.625822423899614,"endHours":25.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:38","end":"02:38","startHours":25.625822423899614,"endHours":26.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:38","end":"03:38","startHours":26.625822423899614,"endHours":27.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:38","end":"04:38","startHours":27.625822423899614,"endHours":28.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:38","end":"05:38","startHours":28.625822423899614,"endHours":29.625822423899614,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":13.860232303027198,"eotMinutes":2.4923701554198168,"ayanamsa":22.8796}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1987,"vikram_samvatsara":"Subhānu","saka_samvat":1852,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramoda","bengali_samvat":1337,"malayalam_era":1106,"nanakshahi_year":461,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 1987 Subhānu · Śaka 1852 Pramoda"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 28, 1930 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 28, 1930 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 05:38, sūryāsta 18:51.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1930-04-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1930-04-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1930-04-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1930-04-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1930-04-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T06:11:26.397Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T06:11:26.397Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T06:11:26.397Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}