{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1908-10-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1908-10-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1908-10-28","date_display":"October 28, 1908 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418242.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829777.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":191.1733,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":224.4251,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":33.2519,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.2519},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":224.4251,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.0918},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":55.5984},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":5,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1908,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418242.770833,"ahargana":1829777.2708,"kali_year":5010,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5793,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":191.6494,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":224.40070000000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.9122},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":170.19900000000007,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":194.57280000000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":137.33360000000005,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":151.18540000000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":343.3664,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":69.5947,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":249.5947,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418242.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829777.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":191.1733,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":224.4251,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":33.2519,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.2519},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":224.4251,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.0918},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":55.5984},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":5,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.912,"elongation":33.252},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.912,"opposition_distance":146.748}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:27","sunsetLocal":"17:34","solarNoonLocal":"12:01","dayLengthHours":11.113734573268816,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 06 Mins 49 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 53 Mins 11 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:01","moonsetLocal":"19:22","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:01","end":"13:24","startHours":12.008766737675145,"endHours":13.397983559333746,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:50","end":"09:14","startHours":7.841116272699338,"endHours":9.23033309435794,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:37","end":"12:01","startHours":10.619549916016542,"endHours":12.008766737675145,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:03","end":"09:25","startHours":9.04510418480346,"endHours":9.41556200391242,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:55","end":"07:13","startHours":6.914971724926937,"endHours":7.211337980214105,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:38","end":"12:23","startHours":11.638308918566185,"endHours":12.379224556784106,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:58","end":"05:43","startHours":4.9700681746048945,"endHours":5.710983812822815,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:32","end":"06:27","startHours":5.525754903268335,"endHours":6.451899451040736,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:52","end":"14:36","startHours":13.861055833219947,"endHours":14.601971471437867,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:22","end":"17:46","startHours":17.365634024309553,"endHours":17.765634024309552,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:34","end":"18:02","startHours":17.565634024309553,"endHours":18.028706298195754,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:19","end":"19:04","startHours":17.315634024309553,"endHours":19.065634024309553,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:38","end":"00:23","startHours":23.638308918566185,"endHours":24.379224556784106,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:27","end":"07:50","startHours":6.451899451040736,"endHours":7.841116272699338,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:50","end":"09:14","startHours":7.841116272699338,"endHours":9.23033309435794,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:14","end":"10:37","startHours":9.23033309435794,"endHours":10.619549916016542,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:37","end":"12:01","startHours":10.619549916016542,"endHours":12.008766737675145,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:01","end":"13:24","startHours":12.008766737675145,"endHours":13.397983559333746,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:24","end":"14:47","startHours":13.397983559333746,"endHours":14.78720038099235,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:47","end":"16:11","startHours":14.78720038099235,"endHours":16.176417202650953,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:11","end":"17:34","startHours":16.176417202650953,"endHours":17.565634024309553,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:34","end":"19:11","startHours":17.565634024309553,"endHours":19.17641720265095,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:11","end":"20:47","startHours":19.17641720265095,"endHours":20.78720038099235,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:47","end":"22:24","startHours":20.78720038099235,"endHours":22.397983559333746,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:24","end":"00:01","startHours":22.397983559333746,"endHours":24.008766737675145,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:01","end":"01:37","startHours":24.008766737675145,"endHours":25.619549916016542,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:37","end":"03:14","startHours":25.619549916016542,"endHours":27.23033309435794,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:14","end":"04:50","startHours":27.23033309435794,"endHours":28.841116272699338,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:50","end":"06:27","startHours":28.841116272699338,"endHours":30.451899451040738,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:27","end":"07:27","startHours":6.451899451040736,"endHours":7.451899451040736,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:27","end":"08:27","startHours":7.451899451040736,"endHours":8.451899451040736,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:27","end":"09:27","startHours":8.451899451040736,"endHours":9.451899451040736,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:27","end":"10:27","startHours":9.451899451040736,"endHours":10.451899451040736,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:27","end":"11:27","startHours":10.451899451040736,"endHours":11.451899451040736,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:27","end":"12:27","startHours":11.451899451040736,"endHours":12.451899451040736,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:27","end":"13:27","startHours":12.451899451040736,"endHours":13.451899451040736,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:27","end":"14:27","startHours":13.451899451040736,"endHours":14.451899451040736,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:27","end":"15:27","startHours":14.451899451040736,"endHours":15.451899451040736,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:27","end":"16:27","startHours":15.451899451040736,"endHours":16.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:27","end":"17:27","startHours":16.451899451040738,"endHours":17.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:27","end":"18:27","startHours":17.451899451040738,"endHours":18.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:27","end":"19:27","startHours":18.451899451040738,"endHours":19.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:27","end":"20:27","startHours":19.451899451040738,"endHours":20.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:27","end":"21:27","startHours":20.451899451040738,"endHours":21.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:27","end":"22:27","startHours":21.451899451040738,"endHours":22.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:27","end":"23:27","startHours":22.451899451040738,"endHours":23.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:27","end":"00:27","startHours":23.451899451040738,"endHours":24.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:27","end":"01:27","startHours":24.451899451040738,"endHours":25.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:27","end":"02:27","startHours":25.451899451040738,"endHours":26.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:27","end":"03:27","startHours":26.451899451040738,"endHours":27.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:27","end":"04:27","startHours":27.451899451040738,"endHours":28.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:27","end":"05:27","startHours":28.451899451040738,"endHours":29.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":29.451899451040738,"endHours":30.451899451040738,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-12.927829948032867,"eotMinutes":16.40359573949132,"ayanamsa":22.5793}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1965,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1830,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1315,"malayalam_era":1084,"nanakshahi_year":439,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Śukla Tṛtīyā · Vikram 1965 Durmati · Śaka 1830 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"tula-sankranti","name":"Tulā Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"तुला सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Libra.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Tulā"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 28, 1908 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 28, 1908 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 06:27, sūryāsta 17:34.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1908-10-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1908-10-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1908-10-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1908-10-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1908-10-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-26T07:04:30.990Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-26T07:04:30.990Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-26T07:04:30.990Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}