{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1881-02-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1881-02-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1881-02-28","date_display":"February 28, 1881 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1881,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2408139.770833,"kali_year":4982,"ahargana":1819674.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":317.8619,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":313.4966,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":355.6347,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.6347},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":313.4966,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.8299},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":271.3585},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1881,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2408139.770833,"ahargana":1819674.2708,"kali_year":4982,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.1929,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":317.430609,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":311.36690899999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1891},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":283.06040899999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":335.66450899999995,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":359.394009,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":5.452809000000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":4.437008999999989,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":244.9002,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":64.9002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1881,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2408139.770833,"kali_year":4982,"ahargana":1819674.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":317.8619,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":313.4966,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":355.6347,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.6347},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":313.4966,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.8299},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":271.3585},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.189,"elongation":4.365},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.189,"opposition_distance":175.635}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:45","sunsetLocal":"18:15","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":11.510357293795693,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 30 Mins 37 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 29 Mins 23 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:27","moonsetLocal":"17:45","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:11","end":"09:37","startHours":8.18616032859374,"endHours":9.624954990318201,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:04","end":"12:30","startHours":11.063749652042663,"endHours":12.502544313767125,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:56","end":"15:23","startHours":13.941338975491586,"endHours":15.380133637216048,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:26","end":"09:49","startHours":9.433115702088273,"endHours":9.816794278548128,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:14","end":"07:32","startHours":7.226963887444098,"endHours":7.533906748611983,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:07","end":"12:53","startHours":12.118865737307269,"endHours":12.88622289022698,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:13","end":"05:59","startHours":5.2126513610298515,"endHours":5.9800085139495645,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:47","end":"06:45","startHours":5.788169225719637,"endHours":6.747365666869277,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:25","end":"15:11","startHours":14.420937196066406,"endHours":15.188294348986119,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:03","end":"18:27","startHours":18.05772296066497,"endHours":18.45772296066497,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:15","end":"18:44","startHours":18.25772296066497,"endHours":18.737321181239793,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:00","end":"19:45","startHours":18.00772296066497,"endHours":19.75772296066497,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:07","end":"00:53","startHours":24.118865737307267,"endHours":24.886222890226982,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:45","end":"08:11","startHours":6.747365666869277,"endHours":8.18616032859374,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:11","end":"09:37","startHours":8.18616032859374,"endHours":9.624954990318201,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:37","end":"11:04","startHours":9.624954990318201,"endHours":11.063749652042663,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:04","end":"12:30","startHours":11.063749652042663,"endHours":12.502544313767125,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:30","end":"13:56","startHours":12.502544313767125,"endHours":13.941338975491586,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:56","end":"15:23","startHours":13.941338975491586,"endHours":15.380133637216048,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:23","end":"16:49","startHours":15.380133637216048,"endHours":16.81892829894051,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:49","end":"18:15","startHours":16.81892829894051,"endHours":18.25772296066497,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:15","end":"19:49","startHours":18.25772296066497,"endHours":19.81892829894051,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:49","end":"21:23","startHours":19.81892829894051,"endHours":21.380133637216048,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:23","end":"22:56","startHours":21.380133637216048,"endHours":22.941338975491586,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:56","end":"00:30","startHours":22.941338975491586,"endHours":24.502544313767125,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:30","end":"02:04","startHours":24.502544313767125,"endHours":26.063749652042663,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:04","end":"03:37","startHours":26.063749652042663,"endHours":27.6249549903182,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:37","end":"05:11","startHours":27.6249549903182,"endHours":29.18616032859374,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:11","end":"06:45","startHours":29.18616032859374,"endHours":30.74736566686928,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:45","end":"07:45","startHours":6.747365666869277,"endHours":7.747365666869277,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:45","end":"08:45","startHours":7.747365666869277,"endHours":8.747365666869278,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:45","end":"09:45","startHours":8.747365666869278,"endHours":9.747365666869278,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:45","end":"10:45","startHours":9.747365666869278,"endHours":10.747365666869278,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:45","end":"11:45","startHours":10.747365666869278,"endHours":11.747365666869278,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:45","end":"12:45","startHours":11.747365666869278,"endHours":12.747365666869278,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:45","end":"13:45","startHours":12.747365666869278,"endHours":13.747365666869278,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:45","end":"14:45","startHours":13.747365666869278,"endHours":14.747365666869278,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:45","end":"15:45","startHours":14.747365666869278,"endHours":15.747365666869278,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:45","end":"16:45","startHours":15.747365666869278,"endHours":16.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:45","end":"17:45","startHours":16.74736566686928,"endHours":17.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:45","end":"18:45","startHours":17.74736566686928,"endHours":18.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:45","end":"19:45","startHours":18.74736566686928,"endHours":19.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:45","end":"20:45","startHours":19.74736566686928,"endHours":20.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:45","end":"21:45","startHours":20.74736566686928,"endHours":21.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:45","end":"22:45","startHours":21.74736566686928,"endHours":22.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:45","end":"23:45","startHours":22.74736566686928,"endHours":23.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:45","end":"00:45","startHours":23.74736566686928,"endHours":24.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:45","end":"01:45","startHours":24.74736566686928,"endHours":25.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:45","end":"02:45","startHours":25.74736566686928,"endHours":26.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:45","end":"03:45","startHours":26.74736566686928,"endHours":27.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:45","end":"04:45","startHours":27.74736566686928,"endHours":28.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:45","end":"05:45","startHours":28.74736566686928,"endHours":29.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:45","end":"06:45","startHours":29.74736566686928,"endHours":30.74736566686928,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-7.960215145421785,"eotMinutes":-13.223058826027486,"ayanamsa":22.1929}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1938,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1803,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1288,"malayalam_era":1057,"nanakshahi_year":412,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 1938 Jaya · Śaka 1803 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 28, 1881 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 28, 1881 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 06:45, sūryāsta 18:15.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1881-02-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1881-02-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1881-02-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1881-02-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1881-02-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T00:46:59.797Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T00:46:59.797Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T00:46:59.797Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}