{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1878-08-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1878-08-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1878-08-18","date_display":"August 18, 1878 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1878,"month":8,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2407214.770833,"kali_year":4980,"ahargana":1818749.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":122.4212,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":1.4733,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":239.052,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.052},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":1.4733,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.4733},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":123.8945},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1878,"month":8,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2407214.770833,"ahargana":1818749.2708,"kali_year":4980,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.1575,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":122.76365099999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":357.990951,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1587},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":134.833751,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":151.49805100000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":278.630951,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":96.77505099999996,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":340.849251,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":293.9112,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":113.9112,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1878,"month":8,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2407214.770833,"kali_year":4980,"ahargana":1818749.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":122.4212,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":1.4733,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":239.052,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.052},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":1.4733,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.4733},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":123.8945},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.159,"elongation":120.948},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.159,"opposition_distance":59.052}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-19,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.785,"elongation":0.561},{"offset_days":-5,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.421,"opposition_distance":1.908}]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:45","sunsetLocal":"18:56","solarNoonLocal":"12:20","dayLengthHours":13.175703847733987,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 10 Mins 33 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 49 Mins 27 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:40","moonsetLocal":"10:22","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:17","end":"18:56","startHours":17.28184990491542,"endHours":18.928812885882166,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:20","end":"13:59","startHours":12.340960962015174,"endHours":13.987923942981922,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:38","end":"17:17","startHours":15.63488692394867,"endHours":17.28184990491542,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:50","end":"09:16","startHours":8.827439935952777,"endHours":9.266630064210577,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:18","end":"06:39","startHours":6.30209669847043,"endHours":6.653448801076669,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:47","startHours":11.901770833757375,"endHours":12.780151090272973,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:00","end":"04:52","startHours":3.9963485251169817,"endHours":4.874728781632581,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:39","end":"05:45","startHours":4.655133717503681,"endHours":5.75310903814818,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:32","end":"15:25","startHours":14.536911603304171,"endHours":15.41529185981977,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:44","end":"19:08","startHours":18.728812885882167,"endHours":19.128812885882166,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:56","end":"19:29","startHours":18.928812885882166,"endHours":19.477800546204417,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:41","end":"20:26","startHours":18.678812885882166,"endHours":20.428812885882166,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:47","startHours":23.901770833757375,"endHours":24.780151090272973,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:45","end":"07:24","startHours":5.75310903814818,"endHours":7.400072019114928,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:24","end":"09:03","startHours":7.400072019114928,"endHours":9.047035000081676,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:03","end":"10:42","startHours":9.047035000081676,"endHours":10.693997981048426,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:42","end":"12:20","startHours":10.693997981048426,"endHours":12.340960962015174,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:20","end":"13:59","startHours":12.340960962015174,"endHours":13.987923942981922,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:59","end":"15:38","startHours":13.987923942981922,"endHours":15.63488692394867,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:38","end":"17:17","startHours":15.63488692394867,"endHours":17.28184990491542,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:17","end":"18:56","startHours":17.28184990491542,"endHours":18.928812885882166,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:56","end":"20:17","startHours":18.928812885882166,"endHours":20.28184990491542,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:17","end":"21:38","startHours":20.28184990491542,"endHours":21.63488692394867,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:38","end":"22:59","startHours":21.63488692394867,"endHours":22.987923942981922,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:59","end":"00:20","startHours":22.987923942981922,"endHours":24.340960962015174,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:20","end":"01:42","startHours":24.340960962015174,"endHours":25.693997981048426,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:42","end":"03:03","startHours":25.693997981048426,"endHours":27.047035000081678,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:03","end":"04:24","startHours":27.047035000081678,"endHours":28.40007201911493,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:24","end":"05:45","startHours":28.40007201911493,"endHours":29.75310903814818,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:45","end":"06:45","startHours":5.75310903814818,"endHours":6.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:45","end":"07:45","startHours":6.75310903814818,"endHours":7.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:45","end":"08:45","startHours":7.75310903814818,"endHours":8.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:45","end":"09:45","startHours":8.75310903814818,"endHours":9.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:45","end":"10:45","startHours":9.75310903814818,"endHours":10.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:45","end":"11:45","startHours":10.75310903814818,"endHours":11.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:45","end":"12:45","startHours":11.75310903814818,"endHours":12.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:45","end":"13:45","startHours":12.75310903814818,"endHours":13.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:45","end":"14:45","startHours":13.75310903814818,"endHours":14.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:45","end":"15:45","startHours":14.75310903814818,"endHours":15.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:45","end":"16:45","startHours":15.75310903814818,"endHours":16.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:45","end":"17:45","startHours":16.75310903814818,"endHours":17.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:45","end":"18:45","startHours":17.75310903814818,"endHours":18.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:45","end":"19:45","startHours":18.75310903814818,"endHours":19.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:45","end":"20:45","startHours":19.75310903814818,"endHours":20.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:45","end":"21:45","startHours":20.75310903814818,"endHours":21.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:45","end":"22:45","startHours":21.75310903814818,"endHours":22.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:45","end":"23:45","startHours":22.75310903814818,"endHours":23.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:45","end":"00:45","startHours":23.75310903814818,"endHours":24.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:45","end":"01:45","startHours":24.75310903814818,"endHours":25.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:45","end":"02:45","startHours":25.75310903814818,"endHours":26.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:45","end":"03:45","startHours":26.75310903814818,"endHours":27.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:45","end":"04:45","startHours":27.75310903814818,"endHours":28.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:45","end":"05:45","startHours":28.75310903814818,"endHours":29.75310903814818,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":13.213373815151556,"eotMinutes":-3.5280577209103767,"ayanamsa":22.1575}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1935,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1800,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1285,"malayalam_era":1054,"nanakshahi_year":409,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 1935 Khara · Śaka 1800 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 18, 1878 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 18, 1878 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:45, sūryāsta 18:56.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1878-08-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1878-08-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1878-08-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1878-08-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1878-08-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T18:16:19.069Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T18:16:19.069Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T18:16:19.069Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}