{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1877-12-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1877-12-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1877-12-21","date_display":"December 21, 1877 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1877,"month":12,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2406974.770833,"kali_year":4979,"ahargana":1818509.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":247.1597,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":72.6436,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":185.4839,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.4839},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":72.6436,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.9769},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":319.8033},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1877,"month":12,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2406974.770833,"ahargana":1818509.2708,"kali_year":4979,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.1484,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":247.186821,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":74.388621,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.6385},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":345.332821,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":268.00462100000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":260.987221,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":295.830821,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":323.513021,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":306.6276,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":126.6276,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1877,"month":12,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2406974.770833,"kali_year":4979,"ahargana":1818509.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":247.1597,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":72.6436,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":185.4839,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.4839},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":72.6436,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.9769},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":319.8033},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.639,"elongation":174.516},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.639,"opposition_distance":5.484}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:09","sunsetLocal":"17:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:16","dayLengthHours":10.204885344907705,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 12 Mins 18 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 47 Mins 42 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:44","moonsetLocal":"07:45","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:59","end":"12:16","startHours":10.9835055084375,"endHours":12.259116176550961,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:49","end":"16:05","startHours":14.810337512777888,"endHours":16.08594818089135,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:26","end":"09:42","startHours":8.432284172210572,"endHours":9.707894840324036,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:32","end":"09:53","startHours":9.537813417908907,"endHours":9.877976262739164,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:35","end":"07:51","startHours":7.58187706013493,"endHours":7.854007335999135,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:55","end":"12:36","startHours":11.918953331720706,"endHours":12.59927902138122,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:48","end":"06:29","startHours":5.796022124776082,"endHours":6.476347814436596,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:18","end":"07:09","startHours":6.306266392021468,"endHours":7.1566735040971095,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:58","end":"14:38","startHours":13.959930400702245,"endHours":14.640256090362758,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:10","end":"17:34","startHours":17.161558849004816,"endHours":17.561558849004815,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:22","end":"17:47","startHours":17.361558849004815,"endHours":17.786762405042637,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:07","end":"18:52","startHours":17.111558849004815,"endHours":18.861558849004815,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:55","end":"00:36","startHours":23.918953331720704,"endHours":24.599279021381218,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"07:09","end":"08:26","startHours":7.1566735040971095,"endHours":8.432284172210572,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:26","end":"09:42","startHours":8.432284172210572,"endHours":9.707894840324036,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:42","end":"10:59","startHours":9.707894840324036,"endHours":10.9835055084375,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:59","end":"12:16","startHours":10.9835055084375,"endHours":12.259116176550961,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:16","end":"13:32","startHours":12.259116176550961,"endHours":13.534726844664426,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:32","end":"14:49","startHours":13.534726844664426,"endHours":14.810337512777888,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:49","end":"16:05","startHours":14.810337512777888,"endHours":16.08594818089135,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:05","end":"17:22","startHours":16.08594818089135,"endHours":17.361558849004815,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"17:22","end":"19:05","startHours":17.361558849004815,"endHours":19.085948180891354,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:05","end":"20:49","startHours":19.085948180891354,"endHours":20.81033751277789,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:49","end":"22:32","startHours":20.81033751277789,"endHours":22.534726844664426,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:32","end":"00:16","startHours":22.534726844664426,"endHours":24.25911617655096,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:16","end":"01:59","startHours":24.25911617655096,"endHours":25.9835055084375,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:59","end":"03:42","startHours":25.9835055084375,"endHours":27.707894840324037,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:42","end":"05:26","startHours":27.707894840324037,"endHours":29.432284172210572,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:26","end":"07:09","startHours":29.432284172210572,"endHours":31.15667350409711,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.1566735040971095,"endHours":8.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.15667350409711,"endHours":9.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.15667350409711,"endHours":10.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.15667350409711,"endHours":11.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.15667350409711,"endHours":12.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.15667350409711,"endHours":13.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.15667350409711,"endHours":14.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.15667350409711,"endHours":15.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.15667350409711,"endHours":16.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.15667350409711,"endHours":17.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.15667350409711,"endHours":18.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.15667350409711,"endHours":19.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.15667350409711,"endHours":20.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.15667350409711,"endHours":21.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.15667350409711,"endHours":22.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.15667350409711,"endHours":23.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.15667350409711,"endHours":24.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.15667350409711,"endHours":25.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.15667350409711,"endHours":26.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.15667350409711,"endHours":27.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.15667350409711,"endHours":28.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.15667350409711,"endHours":29.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.15667350409711,"endHours":30.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":30.15667350409711,"endHours":31.15667350409711,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.43482822194153,"eotMinutes":1.382629406942221,"ayanamsa":22.1484}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1934,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1799,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1284,"malayalam_era":1053,"nanakshahi_year":408,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 1934 Vikṛti · Śaka 1799 Īśvara"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 21, 1877 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 21, 1877 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 07:09, sūryāsta 17:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1877-12-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1877-12-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1877-12-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1877-12-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1877-12-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T04:24:53.545Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T04:24:53.545Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T04:24:53.545Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}