{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1875-10-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1875-10-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1875-10-28","date_display":"October 28, 1875 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1875,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2406189.770833,"kali_year":4977,"ahargana":1817724.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":191.7137,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":179.2342,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":347.5204,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.5204},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":179.2342,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.9008},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":10.9479},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1875,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2406189.770833,"ahargana":1817724.2708,"kali_year":4977,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.1183,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":192.10821399999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":179.02151400000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.8588},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":282.367214,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":199.04811399999994,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":199.79411400000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":202.88311399999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":298.41941399999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":348.2206,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":168.2206,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1875,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2406189.770833,"kali_year":4977,"ahargana":1817724.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":191.7137,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":179.2342,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":347.5204,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.5204},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":179.2342,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.9008},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":10.9479},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.859,"elongation":12.48},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.859,"opposition_distance":167.52}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-13,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.749,"opposition_distance":0.227}]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:27","sunsetLocal":"17:34","solarNoonLocal":"12:01","dayLengthHours":11.113794565538186,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 06 Mins 50 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 53 Mins 10 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:25","moonsetLocal":"16:52","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:24","end":"14:47","startHours":13.39799105836742,"endHours":14.787215379059692,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:27","end":"07:50","startHours":6.451869454906054,"endHours":7.841093775598327,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:14","end":"10:37","startHours":9.230318096290599,"endHours":10.619542416982874,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:03","end":"09:25","startHours":9.045088186864962,"endHours":9.415548005716236,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:55","end":"07:13","startHours":6.914944228470144,"endHours":7.211312083551163,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:38","end":"12:23","startHours":11.638306918823872,"endHours":12.379226556526419,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:58","end":"05:43","startHours":4.970030179500962,"endHours":5.710949817203508,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:32","end":"06:27","startHours":5.525719907777871,"endHours":6.451869454906054,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:52","end":"14:36","startHours":13.86106583193151,"endHours":14.601985469634055,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:22","end":"17:46","startHours":17.36566402044424,"endHours":17.765664020444238,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:34","end":"18:02","startHours":17.56566402044424,"endHours":18.02873879400833,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:19","end":"19:04","startHours":17.31566402044424,"endHours":19.06566402044424,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:38","end":"00:23","startHours":23.638306918823872,"endHours":24.37922655652642,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:27","end":"07:50","startHours":6.451869454906054,"endHours":7.841093775598327,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:50","end":"09:14","startHours":7.841093775598327,"endHours":9.230318096290599,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:14","end":"10:37","startHours":9.230318096290599,"endHours":10.619542416982874,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:37","end":"12:01","startHours":10.619542416982874,"endHours":12.008766737675145,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:01","end":"13:24","startHours":12.008766737675145,"endHours":13.39799105836742,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:24","end":"14:47","startHours":13.39799105836742,"endHours":14.787215379059692,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:47","end":"16:11","startHours":14.787215379059692,"endHours":16.176439699751967,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:11","end":"17:34","startHours":16.176439699751967,"endHours":17.56566402044424,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:34","end":"19:11","startHours":17.56566402044424,"endHours":19.176439699751967,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:11","end":"20:47","startHours":19.176439699751967,"endHours":20.787215379059692,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:47","end":"22:24","startHours":20.787215379059692,"endHours":22.397991058367417,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:24","end":"00:01","startHours":22.397991058367417,"endHours":24.008766737675145,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:01","end":"01:37","startHours":24.008766737675145,"endHours":25.619542416982874,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:37","end":"03:14","startHours":25.619542416982874,"endHours":27.2303180962906,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:14","end":"04:50","startHours":27.2303180962906,"endHours":28.841093775598324,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:50","end":"06:27","startHours":28.841093775598324,"endHours":30.451869454906053,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:27","end":"07:27","startHours":6.451869454906054,"endHours":7.451869454906054,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:27","end":"08:27","startHours":7.451869454906054,"endHours":8.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:27","end":"09:27","startHours":8.451869454906053,"endHours":9.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:27","end":"10:27","startHours":9.451869454906053,"endHours":10.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:27","end":"11:27","startHours":10.451869454906053,"endHours":11.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:27","end":"12:27","startHours":11.451869454906053,"endHours":12.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:27","end":"13:27","startHours":12.451869454906053,"endHours":13.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:27","end":"14:27","startHours":13.451869454906053,"endHours":14.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:27","end":"15:27","startHours":14.451869454906053,"endHours":15.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:27","end":"16:27","startHours":15.451869454906053,"endHours":16.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:27","end":"17:27","startHours":16.451869454906053,"endHours":17.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:27","end":"18:27","startHours":17.451869454906053,"endHours":18.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:27","end":"19:27","startHours":18.451869454906053,"endHours":19.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:27","end":"20:27","startHours":19.451869454906053,"endHours":20.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:27","end":"21:27","startHours":20.451869454906053,"endHours":21.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:27","end":"22:27","startHours":21.451869454906053,"endHours":22.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:27","end":"23:27","startHours":22.451869454906053,"endHours":23.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:27","end":"00:27","startHours":23.451869454906053,"endHours":24.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:27","end":"01:27","startHours":24.451869454906053,"endHours":25.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:27","end":"02:27","startHours":25.451869454906053,"endHours":26.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:27","end":"03:27","startHours":26.451869454906053,"endHours":27.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:27","end":"04:27","startHours":27.451869454906053,"endHours":28.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:27","end":"05:27","startHours":28.451869454906053,"endHours":29.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":29.451869454906053,"endHours":30.451869454906053,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-12.927092389952561,"eotMinutes":16.40359573949132,"ayanamsa":22.1183}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1932,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sarvadhāri","saka_samvat":1797,"saka_samvatsara":"Yuva","bengali_samvat":1282,"malayalam_era":1051,"nanakshahi_year":406,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_amanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 1932 Sarvadhāri · Śaka 1797 Yuva"},"festivals":[{"id":"naraka-chaturdashi","name":"Naraka Caturdaśī (Choṭī Diwālī)","name_sanskrit":"नरक चतुर्दशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Krishna (Narakāsura-vadha)","significance":"Krishna slew Narakāsura, freeing 16,000 captive princesses. Day 2 of Diwali.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Bhāgavata 10.59"]},{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 28, 1875 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 28, 1875 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:27, sūryāsta 17:34.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1875-10-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1875-10-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1875-10-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1875-10-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1875-10-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-29T23:37:28.651Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-29T23:37:28.651Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-29T23:37:28.651Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}