{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:-3101-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/-3101-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-3101-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 3102 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3101,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":588432.770833,"kali_year":0,"ahargana":-32.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":330.0086,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":291.7178,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":321.7092,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.7092},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4,"moon_longitude":291.7178,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.7178},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":261.7264},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-3101,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":588432.770833,"ahargana":-32.7292,"kali_year":0,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-47.4041,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":330.0086,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":291.7178,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.2285},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":340.3918,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":302.0022,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":353.6544,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":320.268,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":348.4363,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":181.7341,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":1.7341,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3101,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":588432.770833,"kali_year":0,"ahargana":-32.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":330.0086,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":291.7178,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":321.7092,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.7092},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4,"moon_longitude":291.7178,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.7178},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":261.7264},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.229,"elongation":38.291},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.229,"opposition_distance":141.709}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:19","sunsetLocal":"17:34","solarNoonLocal":"12:27","dayLengthHours":10.260147804517741,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 15 Mins 37 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 44 Mins 23 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:42","moonsetLocal":"15:05","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:17","end":"17:34","startHours":16.291263785723782,"endHours":17.5737822612885,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:27","end":"13:44","startHours":12.443708359029628,"endHours":13.726226834594346,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:01","end":"16:17","startHours":15.008745310159064,"endHours":16.291263785723782,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:42","end":"10:03","startHours":9.707668944491566,"endHours":10.049673871308823,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:44","end":"08:01","startHours":7.741140615292331,"endHours":8.014744556746138,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:06","end":"12:47","startHours":12.10170343221237,"endHours":12.785713285846887,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:57","end":"06:38","startHours":5.945614749501726,"endHours":6.629624603136243,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:28","end":"07:19","startHours":6.458622139727614,"endHours":7.3136344567707585,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:09","end":"14:50","startHours":14.15373299311592,"endHours":14.837742846750436,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:22","end":"17:46","startHours":17.3737822612885,"endHours":17.7737822612885,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:34","end":"18:00","startHours":17.5737822612885,"endHours":18.001288419810074,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:19","end":"19:04","startHours":17.3237822612885,"endHours":19.0737822612885,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:06","end":"00:47","startHours":24.10170343221237,"endHours":24.785713285846885,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:19","end":"08:36","startHours":7.3136344567707585,"endHours":8.596152932335476,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:36","end":"09:53","startHours":8.596152932335476,"endHours":9.878671407900194,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:53","end":"11:10","startHours":9.878671407900194,"endHours":11.16118988346491,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:10","end":"12:27","startHours":11.16118988346491,"endHours":12.443708359029628,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:27","end":"13:44","startHours":12.443708359029628,"endHours":13.726226834594346,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:44","end":"15:01","startHours":13.726226834594346,"endHours":15.008745310159064,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:01","end":"16:17","startHours":15.008745310159064,"endHours":16.291263785723782,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:17","end":"17:34","startHours":16.291263785723782,"endHours":17.5737822612885,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:34","end":"19:17","startHours":17.5737822612885,"endHours":19.291263785723782,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:17","end":"21:01","startHours":19.291263785723782,"endHours":21.008745310159064,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:01","end":"22:44","startHours":21.008745310159064,"endHours":22.726226834594346,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:44","end":"00:27","startHours":22.726226834594346,"endHours":24.44370835902963,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:27","end":"02:10","startHours":24.44370835902963,"endHours":26.161189883464914,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:10","end":"03:53","startHours":26.161189883464914,"endHours":27.878671407900192,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:53","end":"05:36","startHours":27.878671407900192,"endHours":29.596152932335478,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:36","end":"07:19","startHours":29.596152932335478,"endHours":31.313634456770757,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.3136344567707585,"endHours":8.313634456770759,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.313634456770759,"endHours":9.313634456770759,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.313634456770759,"endHours":10.313634456770759,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.313634456770759,"endHours":11.313634456770759,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.313634456770759,"endHours":12.313634456770759,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.313634456770759,"endHours":13.313634456770759,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.313634456770759,"endHours":14.313634456770759,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.313634456770759,"endHours":15.313634456770759,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.313634456770759,"endHours":16.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.313634456770757,"endHours":17.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.313634456770757,"endHours":18.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.313634456770757,"endHours":19.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.313634456770757,"endHours":20.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.313634456770757,"endHours":21.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.313634456770757,"endHours":22.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.313634456770757,"endHours":23.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.313634456770757,"endHours":24.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.313634456770757,"endHours":25.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.313634456770757,"endHours":26.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.313634456770757,"endHours":27.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.313634456770757,"endHours":28.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.313634456770757,"endHours":29.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.313634456770757,"endHours":30.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":30.313634456770757,"endHours":31.313634456770757,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-22.83924688496229,"eotMinutes":-9.692901541777706,"ayanamsa":-47.4041}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-3044,"saka_samvat":-3179,"bengali_samvat":-3694,"malayalam_era":-3925,"nanakshahi_year":-4570,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram -3044 undefined · Śaka -3179 undefined"},"festivals":[{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 3102 BCE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 16, 3102 BCE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 07:19, sūryāsta 17:34.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/-3101-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/-3101-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/-3101-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/-3101-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/-3101-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T12:06:07.431Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T12:06:07.431Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-24T12:06:07.431Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}