{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rameswaram:2002-12-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameswaram/2002-12-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-12-20","date_display":"December 20, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":12,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452628.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864163.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":243.7241,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":66.2547,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":182.5307,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.5307},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":66.2547,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.9214},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":309.9788},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":12,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452628.770833,"ahargana":1864163.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8945,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":244.074702,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":66.938602,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.4337},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":197.95550200000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":262.67190200000005,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":113.71460200000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":199.298902,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":61.402401999999995,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":47.6589,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":227.6589,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":12,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452628.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864163.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":243.7241,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":66.2547,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":182.5307,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.5307},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":66.2547,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.9214},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":309.9788},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.434,"elongation":177.469},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.434,"opposition_distance":2.531}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-16,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.273,"elongation":2.306},{"offset_days":0,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.434,"opposition_distance":2.531}]},"city":{"slug":"rameswaram","name":"Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu","lat":9.2885,"lon":79.3127,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rameswaram","name":"Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu","lat":9.2885,"lon":79.3127,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:23","sunsetLocal":"17:58","solarNoonLocal":"12:11","dayLengthHours":11.581214732645677,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 34 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 25 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:04","moonsetLocal":"06:41","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:44","end":"12:11","startHours":10.73396953304481,"endHours":12.181621374625522,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:05","end":"16:31","startHours":15.07692505778694,"endHours":16.52457689936765,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:50","end":"09:17","startHours":7.838665849883392,"endHours":9.286317691464102,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:06","end":"09:29","startHours":9.093297445920006,"endHours":9.479337937008196,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:52","end":"07:11","startHours":6.8735646221629185,"endHours":7.1823970150334695,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:48","end":"12:34","startHours":11.795580883537331,"endHours":12.567661865713712,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:51","end":"05:37","startHours":4.846852043949926,"endHours":5.618933026126304,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:26","end":"06:23","startHours":5.425912780582209,"endHours":6.391014008302682,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:07","end":"14:53","startHours":14.111823830066466,"endHours":14.883904812242845,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:46","end":"18:10","startHours":17.77222874094836,"endHours":18.17222874094836,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:58","end":"18:27","startHours":17.97222874094836,"endHours":18.454779354808597,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:43","end":"19:28","startHours":17.72222874094836,"endHours":19.47222874094836,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:48","end":"00:34","startHours":23.795580883537333,"endHours":24.56766186571371,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:23","end":"07:50","startHours":6.391014008302682,"endHours":7.838665849883392,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:50","end":"09:17","startHours":7.838665849883392,"endHours":9.286317691464102,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:17","end":"10:44","startHours":9.286317691464102,"endHours":10.73396953304481,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:44","end":"12:11","startHours":10.73396953304481,"endHours":12.181621374625522,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:11","end":"13:38","startHours":12.181621374625522,"endHours":13.62927321620623,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:38","end":"15:05","startHours":13.62927321620623,"endHours":15.07692505778694,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:05","end":"16:31","startHours":15.07692505778694,"endHours":16.52457689936765,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:31","end":"17:58","startHours":16.52457689936765,"endHours":17.97222874094836,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"17:58","end":"19:31","startHours":17.97222874094836,"endHours":19.524576899367652,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:31","end":"21:05","startHours":19.524576899367652,"endHours":21.07692505778694,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:05","end":"22:38","startHours":21.07692505778694,"endHours":22.62927321620623,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:38","end":"00:11","startHours":22.62927321620623,"endHours":24.18162137462552,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:11","end":"01:44","startHours":24.18162137462552,"endHours":25.733969533044814,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:44","end":"03:17","startHours":25.733969533044814,"endHours":27.286317691464102,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:17","end":"04:50","startHours":27.286317691464102,"endHours":28.83866584988339,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:50","end":"06:23","startHours":28.83866584988339,"endHours":30.391014008302683,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:23","end":"07:23","startHours":6.391014008302682,"endHours":7.391014008302682,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:23","end":"08:23","startHours":7.391014008302682,"endHours":8.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:23","end":"09:23","startHours":8.391014008302683,"endHours":9.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:23","end":"10:23","startHours":9.391014008302683,"endHours":10.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:23","end":"11:23","startHours":10.391014008302683,"endHours":11.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:23","end":"12:23","startHours":11.391014008302683,"endHours":12.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:23","end":"13:23","startHours":12.391014008302683,"endHours":13.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:23","end":"14:23","startHours":13.391014008302683,"endHours":14.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:23","end":"15:23","startHours":14.391014008302683,"endHours":15.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:23","end":"16:23","startHours":15.391014008302683,"endHours":16.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:23","end":"17:23","startHours":16.391014008302683,"endHours":17.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:23","end":"18:23","startHours":17.391014008302683,"endHours":18.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:23","end":"19:23","startHours":18.391014008302683,"endHours":19.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:23","end":"20:23","startHours":19.391014008302683,"endHours":20.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:23","end":"21:23","startHours":20.391014008302683,"endHours":21.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:23","end":"22:23","startHours":21.391014008302683,"endHours":22.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:23","end":"23:23","startHours":22.391014008302683,"endHours":23.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:23","end":"00:23","startHours":23.391014008302683,"endHours":24.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:23","end":"01:23","startHours":24.391014008302683,"endHours":25.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:23","end":"02:23","startHours":25.391014008302683,"endHours":26.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:23","end":"03:23","startHours":26.391014008302683,"endHours":27.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:23","end":"04:23","startHours":27.391014008302683,"endHours":28.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:23","end":"05:23","startHours":28.391014008302683,"endHours":29.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:23","end":"06:23","startHours":29.391014008302683,"endHours":30.391014008302683,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.420901098298852,"eotMinutes":1.851917522468745,"ayanamsa":23.8945}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rameswaram"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 20, 2002 CE · Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 20, 2002 CE for Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:23, sūryāsta 17:58.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameswaram/2002-12-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameswaram/2002-12-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rameswaram/2002-12-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rameswaram/2002-12-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameswaram/2002-12-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T10:42:08.514Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T10:42:08.514Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T10:42:08.514Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}