{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rameshwaram:2012-09-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2012-09-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2012-09-30","date_display":"September 30, 2012 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":9,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456200.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867735.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":162.4784,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":342.9112,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":180.4328,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.4328},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":342.9112,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.5779},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":145.3896},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2012,"month":9,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456200.770833,"ahargana":1867735.2708,"kali_year":5114,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0311,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":163.254726,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":342.155926,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.7067},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":210.84322599999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":177.45052599999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":51.974626,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":122.03972599999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":185.02342599999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":218.3972,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":38.3972,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":9,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456200.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867735.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":162.4784,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":342.9112,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":180.4328,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.4328},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":342.9112,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.5779},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":145.3896},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.707,"elongation":179.567},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.707,"opposition_distance":0.433}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rameshwaram","name":"Rāmeśvaram","lat":9.2876,"lon":79.3129,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rameshwaram","name":"Rāmeśvaram","lat":9.2876,"lon":79.3129,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:00","sunsetLocal":"18:03","solarNoonLocal":"12:02","dayLengthHours":12.049586258886668,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 02 Mins 59 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 57 Mins 01 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:54","moonsetLocal":"06:01","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:33","end":"18:03","startHours":16.550323575166075,"endHours":18.05652185752691,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:02","end":"13:32","startHours":12.031728728083575,"endHours":13.53792701044441,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:03","end":"16:33","startHours":15.044125292805242,"endHours":16.550323575166075,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:49","end":"09:13","startHours":8.818505725713798,"endHours":9.22015860101002,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:31","end":"06:50","startHours":6.50900169276052,"endHours":6.8303239929974975,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:38","end":"12:26","startHours":11.630075852787353,"endHours":12.433381603379797,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:24","end":"05:12","startHours":4.400324097455353,"endHours":5.203629848047797,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:00","end":"06:00","startHours":5.002803410399686,"endHours":6.006935598640242,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:02","end":"14:51","startHours":14.039993104564688,"endHours":14.843298855157133,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:51","end":"18:15","startHours":17.85652185752691,"endHours":18.25652185752691,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:03","end":"18:34","startHours":18.05652185752691,"endHours":18.558587951647187,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:48","end":"19:33","startHours":17.80652185752691,"endHours":19.55652185752691,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:38","end":"00:26","startHours":23.630075852787353,"endHours":24.433381603379797,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:00","end":"07:31","startHours":6.006935598640242,"endHours":7.5131338810010755,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:31","end":"09:01","startHours":7.5131338810010755,"endHours":9.01933216336191,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:01","end":"10:32","startHours":9.01933216336191,"endHours":10.525530445722742,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:32","end":"12:02","startHours":10.525530445722742,"endHours":12.031728728083575,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:02","end":"13:32","startHours":12.031728728083575,"endHours":13.53792701044441,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:32","end":"15:03","startHours":13.53792701044441,"endHours":15.044125292805242,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:03","end":"16:33","startHours":15.044125292805242,"endHours":16.550323575166075,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:33","end":"18:03","startHours":16.550323575166075,"endHours":18.05652185752691,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:03","end":"19:33","startHours":18.05652185752691,"endHours":19.550323575166075,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:33","end":"21:03","startHours":19.550323575166075,"endHours":21.044125292805244,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:03","end":"22:32","startHours":21.044125292805244,"endHours":22.53792701044441,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:32","end":"00:02","startHours":22.53792701044441,"endHours":24.031728728083575,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:02","end":"01:32","startHours":24.031728728083575,"endHours":25.525530445722744,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:32","end":"03:01","startHours":25.525530445722744,"endHours":27.01933216336191,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:01","end":"04:31","startHours":27.01933216336191,"endHours":28.513133881001075,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:31","end":"06:00","startHours":28.513133881001075,"endHours":30.00693559864024,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:00","end":"07:00","startHours":6.006935598640242,"endHours":7.006935598640242,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:00","end":"08:00","startHours":7.006935598640242,"endHours":8.006935598640242,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:00","end":"09:00","startHours":8.006935598640242,"endHours":9.006935598640242,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:00","end":"10:00","startHours":9.006935598640242,"endHours":10.006935598640242,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:00","end":"11:00","startHours":10.006935598640242,"endHours":11.006935598640242,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:00","end":"12:00","startHours":11.006935598640242,"endHours":12.006935598640242,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:00","end":"13:00","startHours":12.006935598640242,"endHours":13.006935598640242,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:00","end":"14:00","startHours":13.006935598640242,"endHours":14.006935598640242,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:00","end":"15:00","startHours":14.006935598640242,"endHours":15.006935598640242,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:00","end":"16:00","startHours":15.006935598640242,"endHours":16.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:00","end":"17:00","startHours":16.00693559864024,"endHours":17.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:00","end":"18:00","startHours":17.00693559864024,"endHours":18.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:00","end":"19:00","startHours":18.00693559864024,"endHours":19.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:00","end":"20:00","startHours":19.00693559864024,"endHours":20.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:00","end":"21:00","startHours":20.00693559864024,"endHours":21.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:00","end":"22:00","startHours":21.00693559864024,"endHours":22.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:00","end":"23:00","startHours":22.00693559864024,"endHours":23.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:00","end":"00:00","startHours":23.00693559864024,"endHours":24.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:00","end":"01:00","startHours":24.00693559864024,"endHours":25.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:00","end":"02:00","startHours":25.00693559864024,"endHours":26.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:00","end":"03:00","startHours":26.00693559864024,"endHours":27.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:00","end":"04:00","startHours":27.00693559864024,"endHours":28.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:00","end":"05:00","startHours":28.00693559864024,"endHours":29.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:00","end":"06:00","startHours":29.00693559864024,"endHours":30.00693559864024,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-2.8912330472356724,"eotMinutes":10.844676314985584,"ayanamsa":24.0311}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2069,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1934,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1419,"malayalam_era":1188,"nanakshahi_year":543,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2069 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1934 Nandana"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rameshwaram"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 30, 2012 CE · Rāmeśvaram · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 30, 2012 CE for Rāmeśvaram: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:00, sūryāsta 18:03.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2012-09-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2012-09-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2012-09-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2012-09-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2012-09-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T19:59:02.157Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T19:59:02.157Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T19:59:02.157Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}