{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rameshwaram:2003-05-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2003-05-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2003-05-01","date_display":"May 1, 2003 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452760.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864295.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.432,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":11.9519,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":355.5199,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.5199},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":11.9519,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.9519},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":28.3839},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2003,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452760.770833,"ahargana":1864295.2708,"kali_year":5105,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8995,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.377058999999974,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":11.34815900000001,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.1602},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":281.4216590000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":25.93575900000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":105.21765900000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":347.418059,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":62.02715899999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":40.6649,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":220.6649,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452760.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864295.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.432,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":11.9519,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":355.5199,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.5199},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":11.9519,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.9519},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":28.3839},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.16,"elongation":4.48},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.16,"opposition_distance":175.52}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":15,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.804,"opposition_distance":1.295}]},"city":{"slug":"rameshwaram","name":"Rāmeśvaram","lat":9.2876,"lon":79.3129,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rameshwaram","name":"Rāmeśvaram","lat":9.2876,"lon":79.3129,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:56","sunsetLocal":"18:23","solarNoonLocal":"12:10","dayLengthHours":12.449116755166798,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 26 Mins 57 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 33 Mins 03 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:38","moonsetLocal":"18:01","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:43","end":"15:17","startHours":13.719979472246404,"endHours":15.276119066642252,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:56","end":"07:30","startHours":5.939281500267154,"endHours":7.495421094663004,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:03","end":"10:36","startHours":9.051560689058853,"endHours":10.607700283454705,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:51","end":"09:16","startHours":8.844075409806074,"endHours":9.259045968311634,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:27","end":"06:47","startHours":6.457994698399104,"endHours":6.789971145203552,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:45","end":"12:35","startHours":11.748869319344992,"endHours":12.578810436356113,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:17","end":"05:07","startHours":4.279399266244914,"endHours":5.1093403832560345,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:54","end":"05:56","startHours":4.901855104003254,"endHours":5.939281500267154,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:14","end":"15:04","startHours":14.238692670378352,"endHours":15.068633787389473,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:11","end":"18:35","startHours":18.188398255433952,"endHours":18.58839825543395,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:23","end":"18:54","startHours":18.388398255433952,"endHours":18.907111453565904,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:08","end":"19:53","startHours":18.138398255433952,"endHours":19.888398255433952,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:45","end":"00:35","startHours":23.748869319344994,"endHours":24.57881043635611,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:56","end":"07:30","startHours":5.939281500267154,"endHours":7.495421094663004,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:30","end":"09:03","startHours":7.495421094663004,"endHours":9.051560689058853,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:03","end":"10:36","startHours":9.051560689058853,"endHours":10.607700283454705,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:36","end":"12:10","startHours":10.607700283454705,"endHours":12.163839877850553,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:10","end":"13:43","startHours":12.163839877850553,"endHours":13.719979472246404,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:43","end":"15:17","startHours":13.719979472246404,"endHours":15.276119066642252,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:17","end":"16:50","startHours":15.276119066642252,"endHours":16.832258661038104,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:50","end":"18:23","startHours":16.832258661038104,"endHours":18.388398255433952,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:23","end":"19:50","startHours":18.388398255433952,"endHours":19.832258661038104,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:50","end":"21:17","startHours":19.832258661038104,"endHours":21.276119066642252,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:17","end":"22:43","startHours":21.276119066642252,"endHours":22.7199794722464,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:43","end":"00:10","startHours":22.7199794722464,"endHours":24.163839877850553,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:10","end":"01:36","startHours":24.163839877850553,"endHours":25.607700283454705,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:36","end":"03:03","startHours":25.607700283454705,"endHours":27.051560689058853,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:03","end":"04:30","startHours":27.051560689058853,"endHours":28.495421094663,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:30","end":"05:56","startHours":28.495421094663,"endHours":29.939281500267153,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:56","end":"06:56","startHours":5.939281500267154,"endHours":6.939281500267154,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:56","end":"07:56","startHours":6.939281500267154,"endHours":7.939281500267154,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:56","end":"08:56","startHours":7.939281500267154,"endHours":8.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:56","end":"09:56","startHours":8.939281500267153,"endHours":9.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:56","end":"10:56","startHours":9.939281500267153,"endHours":10.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:56","end":"11:56","startHours":10.939281500267153,"endHours":11.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:56","end":"12:56","startHours":11.939281500267153,"endHours":12.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:56","end":"13:56","startHours":12.939281500267153,"endHours":13.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:56","end":"14:56","startHours":13.939281500267153,"endHours":14.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:56","end":"15:56","startHours":14.939281500267153,"endHours":15.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:56","end":"16:56","startHours":15.939281500267153,"endHours":16.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:56","end":"17:56","startHours":16.939281500267153,"endHours":17.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:56","end":"18:56","startHours":17.939281500267153,"endHours":18.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:56","end":"19:56","startHours":18.939281500267153,"endHours":19.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:56","end":"20:56","startHours":19.939281500267153,"endHours":20.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:56","end":"21:56","startHours":20.939281500267153,"endHours":21.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:56","end":"22:56","startHours":21.939281500267153,"endHours":22.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:56","end":"23:56","startHours":22.939281500267153,"endHours":23.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:56","end":"00:56","startHours":23.939281500267153,"endHours":24.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:56","end":"01:56","startHours":24.939281500267153,"endHours":25.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:56","end":"02:56","startHours":25.939281500267153,"endHours":26.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:56","end":"03:56","startHours":26.939281500267153,"endHours":27.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:56","end":"04:56","startHours":27.939281500267153,"endHours":28.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:56","end":"05:56","startHours":28.939281500267153,"endHours":29.939281500267153,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":14.89954784595192,"eotMinutes":2.918007328966811,"ayanamsa":23.8995}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2060,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","saka_samvat":1925,"saka_samvatsara":"Subhānu","bengali_samvat":1410,"malayalam_era":1179,"nanakshahi_year":534,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2060 Durmukhi · Śaka 1925 Subhānu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rameshwaram"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 1, 2003 CE · Rāmeśvaram · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 1, 2003 CE for Rāmeśvaram: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 05:56, sūryāsta 18:23.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2003-05-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2003-05-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2003-05-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2003-05-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2003-05-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-05T20:22:34.606Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-05T20:22:34.606Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-05T20:22:34.606Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}