{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rameshwaram:2001-12-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2001-12-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-12-18","date_display":"December 18, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":12,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452261.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863796.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":241.9362,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":281.4316,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":39.4954,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.4954},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":281.4316,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.4316},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":163.3678},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":12,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452261.770833,"ahargana":1863796.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8804,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":242.30022399999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":279.3325239999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.5359},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":312.787924,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":249.63692400000002,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":78.53132399999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":235.725324,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":46.330423999999994,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":67.1044,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":247.1044,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":12,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452261.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863796.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":241.9362,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":281.4316,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":39.4954,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.4954},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":281.4316,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.4316},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":163.3678},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.536,"elongation":39.495},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.536,"opposition_distance":140.505}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rameshwaram","name":"Rāmeśvaram","lat":9.2876,"lon":79.3129,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rameshwaram","name":"Rāmeśvaram","lat":9.2876,"lon":79.3129,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:22","sunsetLocal":"17:57","solarNoonLocal":"12:10","dayLengthHours":11.582256685071933,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 34 Mins 56 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 25 Mins 04 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:49","moonsetLocal":"20:27","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:04","end":"16:31","startHours":15.061575382132295,"endHours":16.509357467766286,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:16","end":"10:43","startHours":9.270447039596329,"endHours":10.71822912523032,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:10","end":"13:37","startHours":12.166011210864312,"endHours":13.613793296498304,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:05","end":"09:28","startHours":9.077409428178463,"endHours":9.463484651014195,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:51","end":"07:10","startHours":6.85747689687301,"endHours":7.166337075141595,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:47","end":"12:33","startHours":11.779935988028582,"endHours":12.552086433700042,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:50","end":"05:36","startHours":4.830581976985421,"endHours":5.602732422656883,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:25","end":"06:22","startHours":5.409694811239018,"endHours":6.374882868328346,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:06","end":"14:52","startHours":14.096387325042969,"endHours":14.86853777071443,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:45","end":"18:09","startHours":17.75713955340028,"endHours":18.157139553400278,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:57","end":"18:26","startHours":17.95713955340028,"endHours":18.439733581944942,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:42","end":"19:27","startHours":17.70713955340028,"endHours":19.45713955340028,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:47","end":"00:33","startHours":23.77993598802858,"endHours":24.552086433700044,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:22","end":"07:49","startHours":6.374882868328346,"endHours":7.822664953962337,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:49","end":"09:16","startHours":7.822664953962337,"endHours":9.270447039596329,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:16","end":"10:43","startHours":9.270447039596329,"endHours":10.71822912523032,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:43","end":"12:10","startHours":10.71822912523032,"endHours":12.166011210864312,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:10","end":"13:37","startHours":12.166011210864312,"endHours":13.613793296498304,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:37","end":"15:04","startHours":13.613793296498304,"endHours":15.061575382132295,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:04","end":"16:31","startHours":15.061575382132295,"endHours":16.509357467766286,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:31","end":"17:57","startHours":16.509357467766286,"endHours":17.95713955340028,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:57","end":"19:31","startHours":17.95713955340028,"endHours":19.509357467766286,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:31","end":"21:04","startHours":19.509357467766286,"endHours":21.061575382132297,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:04","end":"22:37","startHours":21.061575382132297,"endHours":22.613793296498304,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:37","end":"00:10","startHours":22.613793296498304,"endHours":24.166011210864312,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:10","end":"01:43","startHours":24.166011210864312,"endHours":25.71822912523032,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:43","end":"03:16","startHours":25.71822912523032,"endHours":27.270447039596327,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:16","end":"04:49","startHours":27.270447039596327,"endHours":28.822664953962338,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:49","end":"06:22","startHours":28.822664953962338,"endHours":30.374882868328346,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:22","end":"07:22","startHours":6.374882868328346,"endHours":7.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:22","end":"08:22","startHours":7.374882868328346,"endHours":8.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:22","end":"09:22","startHours":8.374882868328346,"endHours":9.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:22","end":"10:22","startHours":9.374882868328346,"endHours":10.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:22","end":"11:22","startHours":10.374882868328346,"endHours":11.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:22","end":"12:22","startHours":11.374882868328346,"endHours":12.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:22","end":"13:22","startHours":12.374882868328346,"endHours":13.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:22","end":"14:22","startHours":13.374882868328346,"endHours":14.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:22","end":"15:22","startHours":14.374882868328346,"endHours":15.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:22","end":"16:22","startHours":15.374882868328346,"endHours":16.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:22","end":"17:22","startHours":16.374882868328346,"endHours":17.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:22","end":"18:22","startHours":17.374882868328346,"endHours":18.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:22","end":"19:22","startHours":18.374882868328346,"endHours":19.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:22","end":"20:22","startHours":19.374882868328346,"endHours":20.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:22","end":"21:22","startHours":20.374882868328346,"endHours":21.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:22","end":"22:22","startHours":21.374882868328346,"endHours":22.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:22","end":"23:22","startHours":22.374882868328346,"endHours":23.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:22","end":"00:22","startHours":23.374882868328346,"endHours":24.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:22","end":"01:22","startHours":24.374882868328346,"endHours":25.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:22","end":"02:22","startHours":25.374882868328346,"endHours":26.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:22","end":"03:22","startHours":26.374882868328346,"endHours":27.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:22","end":"04:22","startHours":27.374882868328346,"endHours":28.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:22","end":"05:22","startHours":28.374882868328346,"endHours":29.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":29.374882868328346,"endHours":30.374882868328346,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.38134751008021,"eotMinutes":2.787727348141232,"ayanamsa":23.8804}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"angarika-chaturthi","name":"Aṅgāraka Caturthī (Tuesday Caturthī)","name_sanskrit":"अङ्गारक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa + Maṅgala","significance":"Tuesday-Caturthī (rare); supremely auspicious for Maṅgala-doṣa-nivāraṇa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":4,"vara_name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"},{"tithi_number":19,"vara_name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}]},"precedence":3},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Aṅgāraka Caturthī (Tuesday Caturthī) · Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly) is not live yet; Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rameshwaram"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 18, 2001 CE · Rāmeśvaram · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 18, 2001 CE for Rāmeśvaram: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:22, sūryāsta 17:57.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2001-12-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2001-12-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2001-12-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2001-12-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2001-12-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T06:20:49.326Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T06:20:49.326Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-06T06:20:49.326Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}