{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rameshwaram:2001-01-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2001-01-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-01-31","date_display":"January 31, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451940.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863475.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.372,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":2.9658,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":75.5938,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.5938},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":2.9658,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.9658},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":290.3378},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451940.770833,"ahargana":1863475.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8681,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.36348899999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":359.014189,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4463},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":208.14328899999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":305.415389,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":37.34108900000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":333.6992889999999,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":30.137989000000005,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":84.1125,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":264.1125,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451940.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863475.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.372,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":2.9658,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":75.5938,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.5938},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":2.9658,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.9658},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":290.3378},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.446,"elongation":75.594},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.446,"opposition_distance":104.406}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rameshwaram","name":"Rāmeśvaram","lat":9.2876,"lon":79.3129,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rameshwaram","name":"Rāmeśvaram","lat":9.2876,"lon":79.3129,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:34","sunsetLocal":"18:18","solarNoonLocal":"12:26","dayLengthHours":11.726262355440717,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 43 Mins 35 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 16 Mins 25 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:05","moonsetLocal":"23:21","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:26","end":"13:54","startHours":12.437966475697369,"endHours":13.90374927012746,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:02","end":"09:30","startHours":8.040618092407101,"endHours":9.50640088683719,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:58","end":"12:26","startHours":10.972183681267278,"endHours":12.437966475697369,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:19","end":"09:42","startHours":9.310963180913177,"endHours":9.701838592761202,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:04","end":"07:23","startHours":7.06342956278704,"endHours":7.3761298922654595,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:03","end":"12:50","startHours":12.047091063849345,"endHours":12.828841887545392,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:01","end":"05:48","startHours":5.011333650584914,"endHours":5.793084474280962,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:36","end":"06:34","startHours":5.597646768356951,"endHours":6.57483529797701,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:24","end":"15:10","startHours":14.392343534937488,"endHours":15.174094358633536,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:06","end":"18:30","startHours":18.101097653417728,"endHours":18.501097653417727,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:18","end":"18:47","startHours":18.301097653417727,"endHours":18.789691918227756,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:03","end":"19:48","startHours":18.051097653417727,"endHours":19.801097653417727,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:03","end":"00:50","startHours":24.047091063849344,"endHours":24.828841887545394,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:34","end":"08:02","startHours":6.57483529797701,"endHours":8.040618092407101,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:02","end":"09:30","startHours":8.040618092407101,"endHours":9.50640088683719,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:30","end":"10:58","startHours":9.50640088683719,"endHours":10.972183681267278,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:58","end":"12:26","startHours":10.972183681267278,"endHours":12.437966475697369,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:26","end":"13:54","startHours":12.437966475697369,"endHours":13.90374927012746,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:54","end":"15:22","startHours":13.90374927012746,"endHours":15.369532064557548,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:22","end":"16:50","startHours":15.369532064557548,"endHours":16.835314858987637,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:50","end":"18:18","startHours":16.835314858987637,"endHours":18.301097653417727,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:18","end":"19:50","startHours":18.301097653417727,"endHours":19.835314858987637,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:50","end":"21:22","startHours":19.835314858987637,"endHours":21.369532064557546,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:22","end":"22:54","startHours":21.369532064557546,"endHours":22.90374927012746,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:54","end":"00:26","startHours":22.90374927012746,"endHours":24.43796647569737,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:26","end":"01:58","startHours":24.43796647569737,"endHours":25.97218368126728,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:58","end":"03:30","startHours":25.97218368126728,"endHours":27.50640088683719,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:30","end":"05:02","startHours":27.50640088683719,"endHours":29.0406180924071,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:02","end":"06:34","startHours":29.0406180924071,"endHours":30.57483529797701,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:34","end":"07:34","startHours":6.57483529797701,"endHours":7.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:34","end":"08:34","startHours":7.57483529797701,"endHours":8.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:34","end":"09:34","startHours":8.57483529797701,"endHours":9.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:34","end":"10:34","startHours":9.57483529797701,"endHours":10.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:34","end":"11:34","startHours":10.57483529797701,"endHours":11.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:34","end":"12:34","startHours":11.57483529797701,"endHours":12.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:34","end":"13:34","startHours":12.57483529797701,"endHours":13.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:34","end":"14:34","startHours":13.57483529797701,"endHours":14.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:34","end":"15:34","startHours":14.57483529797701,"endHours":15.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:34","end":"16:34","startHours":15.57483529797701,"endHours":16.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:34","end":"17:34","startHours":16.57483529797701,"endHours":17.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:34","end":"18:34","startHours":17.57483529797701,"endHours":18.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:34","end":"19:34","startHours":18.57483529797701,"endHours":19.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:34","end":"20:34","startHours":19.57483529797701,"endHours":20.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:34","end":"21:34","startHours":20.57483529797701,"endHours":21.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:34","end":"22:34","startHours":21.57483529797701,"endHours":22.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:34","end":"23:34","startHours":22.57483529797701,"endHours":23.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:34","end":"00:34","startHours":23.57483529797701,"endHours":24.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:34","end":"01:34","startHours":24.57483529797701,"endHours":25.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:34","end":"02:34","startHours":25.57483529797701,"endHours":26.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:34","end":"03:34","startHours":26.57483529797701,"endHours":27.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:34","end":"04:34","startHours":27.57483529797701,"endHours":28.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:34","end":"05:34","startHours":28.57483529797701,"endHours":29.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:34","end":"06:34","startHours":29.57483529797701,"endHours":30.57483529797701,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-17.404476684002205,"eotMinutes":-13.52958854184206,"ayanamsa":23.8681}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rameshwaram"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 31, 2001 CE · Rāmeśvaram · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 31, 2001 CE for Rāmeśvaram: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:34, sūryāsta 18:18.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2001-01-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2001-01-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2001-01-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2001-01-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rameshwaram/2001-01-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T06:02:53.816Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T06:02:53.816Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T06:02:53.816Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}