{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:raipur:2016-09-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/raipur/2016-09-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-09-01","date_display":"September 1, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457632.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869167.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.2312,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":131.8605,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":357.6293,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.6293},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":131.8605,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.8605},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":266.0916},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457632.770833,"ahargana":1869167.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0858,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.958613,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":131.01151300000004,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.8318},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":229.734913,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":154.85431300000005,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":153.546513,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":158.08841299999995,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":225.78051300000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":142.5229,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":322.5229,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457632.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869167.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.2312,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":131.8605,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":357.6293,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.6293},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":131.8605,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.8605},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":266.0916},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.832,"elongation":2.371},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.832,"opposition_distance":177.629}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":0,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.832,"elongation":2.371},{"offset_days":16,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.783,"opposition_distance":1.976}]},"city":{"slug":"raipur","name":"Raipur, Chhattisgarh","lat":21.2514,"lon":81.6296,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Chhattisgarh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"raipur","name":"Raipur, Chhattisgarh","lat":21.2514,"lon":81.6296,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Chhattisgarh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:47","sunsetLocal":"18:19","solarNoonLocal":"12:03","dayLengthHours":12.547820586882345,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 32 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 27 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:30","moonsetLocal":"18:05","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:37","end":"15:11","startHours":13.618570609842404,"endHours":15.187048183202696,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:47","end":"07:21","startHours":5.776182743040938,"endHours":7.344660316401231,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:55","end":"10:29","startHours":8.913137889761524,"endHours":10.481615463121816,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:42","end":"09:07","startHours":8.704007546646817,"endHours":9.12226823287623,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:18","end":"06:38","startHours":6.299008600827702,"endHours":6.633617149811231,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:38","end":"12:28","startHours":11.631832350252699,"endHours":12.468353722711521,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:06","end":"04:56","startHours":4.103139998123291,"endHours":4.939661370582114,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:44","end":"05:47","startHours":4.730531027467409,"endHours":5.776182743040938,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:08","end":"14:59","startHours":14.141396467629168,"endHours":14.97791784008799,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:07","end":"18:31","startHours":18.124003329923283,"endHours":18.524003329923282,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:19","end":"18:51","startHours":18.324003329923283,"endHours":18.846829187710046,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:04","end":"19:49","startHours":18.074003329923283,"endHours":19.824003329923283,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:38","end":"00:28","startHours":23.631832350252697,"endHours":24.468353722711523,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:47","end":"07:21","startHours":5.776182743040938,"endHours":7.344660316401231,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:21","end":"08:55","startHours":7.344660316401231,"endHours":8.913137889761524,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:55","end":"10:29","startHours":8.913137889761524,"endHours":10.481615463121816,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:29","end":"12:03","startHours":10.481615463121816,"endHours":12.05009303648211,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:03","end":"13:37","startHours":12.05009303648211,"endHours":13.618570609842404,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:37","end":"15:11","startHours":13.618570609842404,"endHours":15.187048183202696,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:11","end":"16:45","startHours":15.187048183202696,"endHours":16.75552575656299,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:45","end":"18:19","startHours":16.75552575656299,"endHours":18.324003329923283,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:19","end":"19:45","startHours":18.324003329923283,"endHours":19.75552575656299,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:45","end":"21:11","startHours":19.75552575656299,"endHours":21.1870481832027,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:11","end":"22:37","startHours":21.1870481832027,"endHours":22.618570609842404,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:37","end":"00:03","startHours":22.618570609842404,"endHours":24.05009303648211,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:03","end":"01:29","startHours":24.05009303648211,"endHours":25.481615463121816,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:29","end":"02:55","startHours":25.481615463121816,"endHours":26.913137889761522,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:55","end":"04:21","startHours":26.913137889761522,"endHours":28.34466031640123,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:21","end":"05:47","startHours":28.34466031640123,"endHours":29.776182743040938,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:47","end":"06:47","startHours":5.776182743040938,"endHours":6.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:47","end":"07:47","startHours":6.776182743040938,"endHours":7.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:47","end":"08:47","startHours":7.776182743040938,"endHours":8.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:47","end":"09:47","startHours":8.776182743040938,"endHours":9.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:47","end":"10:47","startHours":9.776182743040938,"endHours":10.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:47","end":"11:47","startHours":10.776182743040938,"endHours":11.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:47","end":"12:47","startHours":11.776182743040938,"endHours":12.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:47","end":"13:47","startHours":12.776182743040938,"endHours":13.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:47","end":"14:47","startHours":13.776182743040938,"endHours":14.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:47","end":"15:47","startHours":14.776182743040938,"endHours":15.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:47","end":"16:47","startHours":15.776182743040938,"endHours":16.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:47","end":"17:47","startHours":16.776182743040938,"endHours":17.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:47","end":"18:47","startHours":17.776182743040938,"endHours":18.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:47","end":"19:47","startHours":18.776182743040938,"endHours":19.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:47","end":"20:47","startHours":19.776182743040938,"endHours":20.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:47","end":"21:47","startHours":20.776182743040938,"endHours":21.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:47","end":"22:47","startHours":21.776182743040938,"endHours":22.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:47","end":"23:47","startHours":22.776182743040938,"endHours":23.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:47","end":"00:47","startHours":23.776182743040938,"endHours":24.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:47","end":"01:47","startHours":24.776182743040938,"endHours":25.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:47","end":"02:47","startHours":25.776182743040938,"endHours":26.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:47","end":"03:47","startHours":26.776182743040938,"endHours":27.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:47","end":"04:47","startHours":27.776182743040938,"endHours":28.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:47","end":"05:47","startHours":28.776182743040938,"endHours":29.776182743040938,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":8.177873882591179,"eotMinutes":0.47601781107335894,"ayanamsa":24.0858}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"raipur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 1, 2016 CE · Raipur, Chhattisgarh · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 1, 2016 CE for Raipur, Chhattisgarh: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 05:47, sūryāsta 18:19.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/raipur/2016-09-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/raipur/2016-09-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/raipur/2016-09-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/raipur/2016-09-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/raipur/2016-09-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-23T04:07:27.426Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-23T04:07:27.426Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-23T04:07:27.426Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}