{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:pushkar:2028-01-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/pushkar/2028-01-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-01-01","date_display":"January 1, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461771.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873306.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.5744,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":305.1214,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":49.547,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.547},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":305.1214,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.7881},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":200.6959},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461771.770833,"ahargana":1873306.2708,"kali_year":5129,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2441,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.881173,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":301.839373,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.6772},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":273.30307300000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":267.106673,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":152.872573,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":290.422373,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":356.852873,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":283.2188,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":103.2188,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461771.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873306.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.5744,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":305.1214,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":49.547,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.547},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":305.1214,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.7881},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":200.6959},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.677,"elongation":49.547},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.677,"opposition_distance":130.453}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"pushkar","name":"Puṣkar","lat":26.49,"lon":74.55,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Rajasthan","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"pushkar","name":"Puṣkar","lat":26.49,"lon":74.55,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Rajasthan","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:20","sunsetLocal":"17:51","solarNoonLocal":"12:36","dayLengthHours":10.505330529040357,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 30 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 29 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:03","moonsetLocal":"21:16","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:58","end":"11:17","startHours":9.96542033979651,"endHours":11.278586655926556,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:54","end":"15:13","startHours":13.904919288186644,"endHours":15.21808560431669,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:20","end":"08:39","startHours":7.339087707536422,"endHours":8.652254023666465,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:47","end":"10:08","startHours":9.790331497645838,"endHours":10.140509181947184,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:47","end":"08:03","startHours":7.776809812913103,"endHours":8.05695196035418,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:14","end":"12:57","startHours":12.241575287755255,"endHours":12.941930656357945,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:56","end":"06:38","startHours":5.93837697033104,"endHours":6.638732338933731,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:28","end":"07:20","startHours":6.4636434967830585,"endHours":7.339087707536422,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:21","end":"15:03","startHours":14.342641393563326,"endHours":15.042996762166016,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:39","end":"18:03","startHours":17.64441823657678,"endHours":18.044418236576778,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:51","end":"18:17","startHours":17.84441823657678,"endHours":18.28214034195346,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:36","end":"19:21","startHours":17.59441823657678,"endHours":19.34441823657678,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:14","end":"00:57","startHours":24.241575287755253,"endHours":24.941930656357947,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:20","end":"08:39","startHours":7.339087707536422,"endHours":8.652254023666465,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:39","end":"09:58","startHours":8.652254023666465,"endHours":9.96542033979651,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:58","end":"11:17","startHours":9.96542033979651,"endHours":11.278586655926556,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:17","end":"12:36","startHours":11.278586655926556,"endHours":12.5917529720566,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:36","end":"13:54","startHours":12.5917529720566,"endHours":13.904919288186644,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:54","end":"15:13","startHours":13.904919288186644,"endHours":15.21808560431669,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:13","end":"16:32","startHours":15.21808560431669,"endHours":16.531251920446735,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:32","end":"17:51","startHours":16.531251920446735,"endHours":17.84441823657678,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:51","end":"19:32","startHours":17.84441823657678,"endHours":19.531251920446735,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:32","end":"21:13","startHours":19.531251920446735,"endHours":21.21808560431669,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:13","end":"22:54","startHours":21.21808560431669,"endHours":22.904919288186644,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:54","end":"00:36","startHours":22.904919288186644,"endHours":24.5917529720566,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:36","end":"02:17","startHours":24.5917529720566,"endHours":26.278586655926556,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:17","end":"03:58","startHours":26.278586655926556,"endHours":27.96542033979651,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:58","end":"05:39","startHours":27.96542033979651,"endHours":29.652254023666465,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:39","end":"07:20","startHours":29.652254023666465,"endHours":31.33908770753642,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:20","end":"08:20","startHours":7.339087707536422,"endHours":8.339087707536422,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:20","end":"09:20","startHours":8.339087707536422,"endHours":9.339087707536422,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:20","end":"10:20","startHours":9.339087707536422,"endHours":10.339087707536422,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:20","end":"11:20","startHours":10.339087707536422,"endHours":11.339087707536422,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:20","end":"12:20","startHours":11.339087707536422,"endHours":12.339087707536422,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:20","end":"13:20","startHours":12.339087707536422,"endHours":13.339087707536422,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:20","end":"14:20","startHours":13.339087707536422,"endHours":14.339087707536422,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:20","end":"15:20","startHours":14.339087707536422,"endHours":15.339087707536422,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:20","end":"16:20","startHours":15.339087707536422,"endHours":16.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:20","end":"17:20","startHours":16.33908770753642,"endHours":17.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:20","end":"18:20","startHours":17.33908770753642,"endHours":18.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:20","end":"19:20","startHours":18.33908770753642,"endHours":19.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:20","end":"20:20","startHours":19.33908770753642,"endHours":20.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:20","end":"21:20","startHours":20.33908770753642,"endHours":21.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:20","end":"22:20","startHours":21.33908770753642,"endHours":22.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:20","end":"23:20","startHours":22.33908770753642,"endHours":23.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:20","end":"00:20","startHours":23.33908770753642,"endHours":24.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:20","end":"01:20","startHours":24.33908770753642,"endHours":25.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:20","end":"02:20","startHours":25.33908770753642,"endHours":26.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:20","end":"03:20","startHours":26.33908770753642,"endHours":27.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:20","end":"04:20","startHours":27.33908770753642,"endHours":28.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:20","end":"05:20","startHours":28.33908770753642,"endHours":29.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:20","end":"06:20","startHours":29.33908770753642,"endHours":30.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:20","end":"07:20","startHours":30.33908770753642,"endHours":31.33908770753642,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.05023642642464,"eotMinutes":-3.705178323396069,"ayanamsa":24.2441}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"pushkar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 1, 2028 CE · Puṣkar · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 1, 2028 CE for Puṣkar: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:20, sūryāsta 17:51.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/pushkar/2028-01-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/pushkar/2028-01-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/pushkar/2028-01-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/pushkar/2028-01-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/pushkar/2028-01-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:54:40.013Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:54:40.013Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T18:54:40.013Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}