{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:pushkar:2025-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/pushkar/2025-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460887.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872422.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.3102,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":178.1774,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.8672,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.8672},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":178.1774,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.844},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":281.4876},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460887.770833,"ahargana":1872422.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2103,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.90164800000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":177.53654800000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.1192},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":151.117948,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":105.11924799999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":77.20774799999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":65.27074800000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":337.526448,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":330.0574,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":150.0574,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460887.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872422.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.3102,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":178.1774,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.8672,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.8672},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":178.1774,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.844},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":281.4876},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.119,"elongation":74.867},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.119,"opposition_distance":105.133}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"pushkar","name":"Puṣkar","lat":26.49,"lon":74.55,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Rajasthan","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"pushkar","name":"Puṣkar","lat":26.49,"lon":74.55,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Rajasthan","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:56","sunsetLocal":"19:20","solarNoonLocal":"12:38","dayLengthHours":13.392786623423186,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 23 Mins 34 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 36 Mins 26 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:47","moonsetLocal":"23:18","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:18","end":"15:59","startHours":14.305287903133745,"endHours":15.979386231061644,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:56","end":"07:37","startHours":5.934796263494254,"endHours":7.608894591422152,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:17","end":"10:57","startHours":9.28299291935005,"endHours":10.95709124727795,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:04","end":"09:30","startHours":9.059779808959664,"endHours":9.506206029740436,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:30","end":"06:51","startHours":6.49282903947022,"endHours":6.849970016094838,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:11","end":"13:05","startHours":12.184763354425076,"endHours":13.07761579598662,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:09","end":"05:03","startHours":4.149091380371162,"endHours":5.041943821932708,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:49","end":"05:56","startHours":4.818730711542322,"endHours":5.934796263494254,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:52","end":"15:45","startHours":14.863320679109712,"endHours":15.756173120671258,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:08","end":"19:32","startHours":19.12758288691744,"endHours":19.52758288691744,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:20","end":"19:53","startHours":19.32758288691744,"endHours":19.885615662893407,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:05","end":"20:50","startHours":19.07758288691744,"endHours":20.82758288691744,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:11","end":"01:05","startHours":24.184763354425076,"endHours":25.07761579598662,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:56","end":"07:37","startHours":5.934796263494254,"endHours":7.608894591422152,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:37","end":"09:17","startHours":7.608894591422152,"endHours":9.28299291935005,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:17","end":"10:57","startHours":9.28299291935005,"endHours":10.95709124727795,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:57","end":"12:38","startHours":10.95709124727795,"endHours":12.631189575205848,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:38","end":"14:18","startHours":12.631189575205848,"endHours":14.305287903133745,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:18","end":"15:59","startHours":14.305287903133745,"endHours":15.979386231061644,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:59","end":"17:39","startHours":15.979386231061644,"endHours":17.65348455898954,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:39","end":"19:20","startHours":17.65348455898954,"endHours":19.32758288691744,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:20","end":"20:39","startHours":19.32758288691744,"endHours":20.653484558989543,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:39","end":"21:59","startHours":20.653484558989543,"endHours":21.979386231061643,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:59","end":"23:18","startHours":21.979386231061643,"endHours":23.305287903133745,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:18","end":"00:38","startHours":23.305287903133745,"endHours":24.63118957520585,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:38","end":"01:57","startHours":24.63118957520585,"endHours":25.95709124727795,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:57","end":"03:17","startHours":25.95709124727795,"endHours":27.28299291935005,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:17","end":"04:37","startHours":27.28299291935005,"endHours":28.608894591422153,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:37","end":"05:56","startHours":28.608894591422153,"endHours":29.934796263494256,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:56","end":"06:56","startHours":5.934796263494254,"endHours":6.934796263494254,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:56","end":"07:56","startHours":6.934796263494254,"endHours":7.934796263494254,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:56","end":"08:56","startHours":7.934796263494254,"endHours":8.934796263494254,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:56","end":"09:56","startHours":8.934796263494254,"endHours":9.934796263494254,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:56","end":"10:56","startHours":9.934796263494254,"endHours":10.934796263494254,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:56","end":"11:56","startHours":10.934796263494254,"endHours":11.934796263494254,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:56","end":"12:56","startHours":11.934796263494254,"endHours":12.934796263494254,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:56","end":"13:56","startHours":12.934796263494254,"endHours":13.934796263494254,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:56","end":"14:56","startHours":13.934796263494254,"endHours":14.934796263494254,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:56","end":"15:56","startHours":14.934796263494254,"endHours":15.934796263494254,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:56","end":"16:56","startHours":15.934796263494254,"endHours":16.934796263494256,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:56","end":"17:56","startHours":16.934796263494256,"endHours":17.934796263494256,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:56","end":"18:56","startHours":17.934796263494256,"endHours":18.934796263494256,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:56","end":"19:56","startHours":18.934796263494256,"endHours":19.934796263494256,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:56","end":"20:56","startHours":19.934796263494256,"endHours":20.934796263494256,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:56","end":"21:56","startHours":20.934796263494256,"endHours":21.934796263494256,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:56","end":"22:56","startHours":21.934796263494256,"endHours":22.934796263494256,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:56","end":"23:56","startHours":22.934796263494256,"endHours":23.934796263494256,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:56","end":"00:56","startHours":23.934796263494256,"endHours":24.934796263494256,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:56","end":"01:56","startHours":24.934796263494256,"endHours":25.934796263494256,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:56","end":"02:56","startHours":25.934796263494256,"endHours":26.934796263494256,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:56","end":"03:56","startHours":26.934796263494256,"endHours":27.934796263494256,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:56","end":"04:56","startHours":27.934796263494256,"endHours":28.934796263494256,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:56","end":"05:56","startHours":28.934796263494256,"endHours":29.934796263494256,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.236402823836965,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":24.2103}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"pushkar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 2025 CE · Puṣkar · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 2025 CE for Puṣkar: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 05:56, sūryāsta 19:20.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/pushkar/2025-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/pushkar/2025-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/pushkar/2025-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/pushkar/2025-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/pushkar/2025-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T01:49:34.854Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T01:49:34.854Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T01:49:34.854Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}