{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:puri:-0478-03-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/puri/-0478-03-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0478-03-21","date_display":"March 21, 479 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-478,"month":3,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546547.770833,"kali_year":2624,"ahargana":958082.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":10.6012,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":268.5619,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":257.9607,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.9607},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":268.5619,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.8953},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":279.1632},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-478,"month":3,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546547.770833,"ahargana":958082.2708,"kali_year":2624,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-10.7598,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":10.6012,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":268.5619,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4961},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":228.9998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":7.5588,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":42.1971,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":343.1055,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":350.7867,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":176.1907,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":356.1907,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-478,"month":3,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546547.770833,"kali_year":2624,"ahargana":958082.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":10.6012,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":268.5619,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":257.9607,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.9607},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":268.5619,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.8953},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":279.1632},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.496,"elongation":102.039},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.496,"opposition_distance":77.961}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-7,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.497,"opposition_distance":0.884}]},"city":{"slug":"puri","name":"Purī (Jagannāth)","lat":19.8135,"lon":85.8312,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Odisha","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"puri","name":"Purī (Jagannāth)","lat":19.8135,"lon":85.8312,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Odisha","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:51","sunsetLocal":"17:58","solarNoonLocal":"11:55","dayLengthHours":12.115025416962057,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 06 Mins 54 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 53 Mins 06 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:39","moonsetLocal":"10:34","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:25","end":"14:56","startHours":13.423011604149046,"endHours":14.937389781269303,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:51","end":"07:22","startHours":5.85112071854776,"endHours":7.365498895668017,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:53","end":"10:24","startHours":8.879877072788274,"endHours":10.394255249908532,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:41","end":"09:05","startHours":8.677959982505573,"endHours":9.081794163070974,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:21","end":"06:41","startHours":6.355913444254512,"endHours":6.678980788706834,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:30","end":"12:19","startHours":11.504799246463387,"endHours":12.312467607594192,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:14","end":"05:03","startHours":4.235783996286152,"endHours":5.043452357416956,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:50","end":"05:51","startHours":4.841535267134255,"endHours":5.85112071854776,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:44","startHours":13.927804329855798,"endHours":14.735472690986601,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:46","end":"18:10","startHours":17.766146135509818,"endHours":18.166146135509816,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:58","end":"18:28","startHours":17.966146135509817,"endHours":18.47093886121657,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:43","end":"19:28","startHours":17.716146135509817,"endHours":19.466146135509817,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:30","end":"00:19","startHours":23.50479924646339,"endHours":24.31246760759419,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:51","end":"07:22","startHours":5.85112071854776,"endHours":7.365498895668017,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:22","end":"08:53","startHours":7.365498895668017,"endHours":8.879877072788274,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:53","end":"10:24","startHours":8.879877072788274,"endHours":10.394255249908532,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:24","end":"11:55","startHours":10.394255249908532,"endHours":11.90863342702879,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:55","end":"13:25","startHours":11.90863342702879,"endHours":13.423011604149046,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:25","end":"14:56","startHours":13.423011604149046,"endHours":14.937389781269303,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:56","end":"16:27","startHours":14.937389781269303,"endHours":16.45176795838956,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:27","end":"17:58","startHours":16.45176795838956,"endHours":17.966146135509817,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:58","end":"19:27","startHours":17.966146135509817,"endHours":19.45176795838956,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:27","end":"20:56","startHours":19.45176795838956,"endHours":20.937389781269303,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:56","end":"22:25","startHours":20.937389781269303,"endHours":22.423011604149046,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:25","end":"23:55","startHours":22.423011604149046,"endHours":23.90863342702879,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:55","end":"01:24","startHours":23.90863342702879,"endHours":25.394255249908532,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:24","end":"02:53","startHours":25.394255249908532,"endHours":26.879877072788275,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:53","end":"04:22","startHours":26.879877072788275,"endHours":28.36549889566802,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:22","end":"05:51","startHours":28.36549889566802,"endHours":29.85112071854776,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:51","end":"06:51","startHours":5.85112071854776,"endHours":6.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:51","end":"07:51","startHours":6.85112071854776,"endHours":7.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:51","end":"08:51","startHours":7.85112071854776,"endHours":8.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:51","end":"09:51","startHours":8.85112071854776,"endHours":9.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:51","end":"10:51","startHours":9.85112071854776,"endHours":10.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:51","end":"11:51","startHours":10.85112071854776,"endHours":11.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:51","end":"12:51","startHours":11.85112071854776,"endHours":12.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:51","end":"13:51","startHours":12.85112071854776,"endHours":13.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:51","end":"14:51","startHours":13.85112071854776,"endHours":14.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:51","end":"15:51","startHours":14.85112071854776,"endHours":15.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:51","end":"16:51","startHours":15.85112071854776,"endHours":16.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:51","end":"17:51","startHours":16.85112071854776,"endHours":17.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:51","end":"18:51","startHours":17.85112071854776,"endHours":18.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:51","end":"19:51","startHours":18.85112071854776,"endHours":19.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:51","end":"20:51","startHours":19.85112071854776,"endHours":20.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:51","end":"21:51","startHours":20.85112071854776,"endHours":21.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:51","end":"22:51","startHours":21.85112071854776,"endHours":22.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:51","end":"23:51","startHours":22.85112071854776,"endHours":23.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:51","end":"00:51","startHours":23.85112071854776,"endHours":24.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:51","end":"01:51","startHours":24.85112071854776,"endHours":25.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:51","end":"02:51","startHours":25.85112071854776,"endHours":26.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:51","end":"03:51","startHours":26.85112071854776,"endHours":27.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:51","end":"04:51","startHours":27.85112071854776,"endHours":28.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:51","end":"05:51","startHours":28.85112071854776,"endHours":29.85112071854776,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"undefined (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-0.06308030052729002,"eotMinutes":-7.842805621727393,"ayanamsa":-10.7598}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-421,"saka_samvat":-556,"bengali_samvat":-1071,"malayalam_era":-1302,"nanakshahi_year":-1947,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram -421 undefined · Śaka -556 undefined"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"puri"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 21, 479 BCE · Purī (Jagannāth) · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 21, 479 BCE for Purī (Jagannāth): Kṛṣṇa Saptamī, sūryodaya 05:51, sūryāsta 17:58.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/puri/-0478-03-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/puri/-0478-03-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/puri/-0478-03-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/puri/-0478-03-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/puri/-0478-03-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-11T05:55:02.965Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-11T05:55:02.965Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-11T05:55:02.965Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}