{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:puri:-0443-05-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/puri/-0443-05-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0443-05-31","date_display":"May 31, 444 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-443,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559402.770833,"kali_year":2659,"ahargana":970937.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":78.2979,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":95.1822,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":16.8843,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.8843},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":95.1822,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.8489},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":173.4801},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-443,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559402.770833,"ahargana":970937.2708,"kali_year":2659,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-10.2681,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":78.2979,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":95.1822,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.9005},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":104.6944,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":72.1173,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":43.4955,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":56.5164,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":68.4552,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":215.0709,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":35.0709,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-443,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559402.770833,"kali_year":2659,"ahargana":970937.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":78.2979,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":95.1822,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":16.8843,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.8843},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":95.1822,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.8489},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":173.4801},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.9,"elongation":16.884},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.9,"opposition_distance":163.116}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"puri","name":"Purī (Jagannāth)","lat":19.8135,"lon":85.8312,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Odisha","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"puri","name":"Purī (Jagannāth)","lat":19.8135,"lon":85.8312,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Odisha","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:07","sunsetLocal":"18:21","solarNoonLocal":"11:44","dayLengthHours":13.224475494393769,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 13 Mins 28 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 46 Mins 32 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:13","moonsetLocal":"19:30","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:42","end":"18:21","startHours":16.695438864428667,"endHours":18.348498301227888,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:44","end":"13:23","startHours":11.736260554031006,"endHours":13.389319990830227,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:03","end":"16:42","startHours":15.042379427629445,"endHours":16.695438864428667,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:13","end":"08:39","startHours":8.209733755525999,"endHours":8.650549605339126,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:41","end":"06:02","startHours":5.675042619100528,"endHours":6.027695298951028,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:18","end":"12:11","startHours":11.295444704217878,"endHours":12.17707640384413,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:22","end":"04:15","startHours":3.360759407581618,"endHours":4.242391107207869,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:01","end":"05:07","startHours":4.021983182301307,"endHours":5.1240228068341205,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:49","startHours":13.94033980309663,"endHours":14.821971502722882,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:09","end":"18:33","startHours":18.14849830122789,"endHours":18.548498301227887,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:21","end":"18:54","startHours":18.348498301227888,"endHours":18.899518113494295,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:06","end":"19:51","startHours":18.098498301227888,"endHours":19.848498301227888,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:18","end":"00:11","startHours":23.29544470421788,"endHours":24.177076403844133,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:07","end":"06:47","startHours":5.1240228068341205,"endHours":6.777082243633341,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"06:47","end":"08:26","startHours":6.777082243633341,"endHours":8.430141680432563,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:26","end":"10:05","startHours":8.430141680432563,"endHours":10.083201117231784,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:05","end":"11:44","startHours":10.083201117231784,"endHours":11.736260554031006,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:44","end":"13:23","startHours":11.736260554031006,"endHours":13.389319990830227,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:23","end":"15:03","startHours":13.389319990830227,"endHours":15.042379427629445,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:03","end":"16:42","startHours":15.042379427629445,"endHours":16.695438864428667,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:42","end":"18:21","startHours":16.695438864428667,"endHours":18.348498301227888,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:21","end":"19:42","startHours":18.348498301227888,"endHours":19.695438864428667,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:42","end":"21:03","startHours":19.695438864428667,"endHours":21.042379427629445,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:03","end":"22:23","startHours":21.042379427629445,"endHours":22.389319990830224,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:23","end":"23:44","startHours":22.389319990830224,"endHours":23.736260554031006,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:44","end":"01:05","startHours":23.736260554031006,"endHours":25.08320111723178,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:05","end":"02:26","startHours":25.08320111723178,"endHours":26.430141680432563,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:26","end":"03:47","startHours":26.430141680432563,"endHours":27.77708224363334,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:47","end":"05:07","startHours":27.77708224363334,"endHours":29.12402280683412,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":5.1240228068341205,"endHours":6.1240228068341205,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:07","end":"07:07","startHours":6.1240228068341205,"endHours":7.1240228068341205,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:07","end":"08:07","startHours":7.1240228068341205,"endHours":8.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:07","end":"09:07","startHours":8.12402280683412,"endHours":9.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:07","end":"10:07","startHours":9.12402280683412,"endHours":10.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:07","end":"11:07","startHours":10.12402280683412,"endHours":11.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:07","end":"12:07","startHours":11.12402280683412,"endHours":12.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:07","end":"13:07","startHours":12.12402280683412,"endHours":13.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:07","end":"14:07","startHours":13.12402280683412,"endHours":14.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:07","end":"15:07","startHours":14.12402280683412,"endHours":15.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:07","end":"16:07","startHours":15.12402280683412,"endHours":16.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:07","end":"17:07","startHours":16.12402280683412,"endHours":17.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:07","end":"18:07","startHours":17.12402280683412,"endHours":18.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:07","end":"19:07","startHours":18.12402280683412,"endHours":19.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:07","end":"20:07","startHours":19.12402280683412,"endHours":20.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:07","end":"21:07","startHours":20.12402280683412,"endHours":21.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:07","end":"22:07","startHours":21.12402280683412,"endHours":22.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:07","end":"23:07","startHours":22.12402280683412,"endHours":23.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:07","end":"00:07","startHours":23.12402280683412,"endHours":24.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:07","end":"01:07","startHours":24.12402280683412,"endHours":25.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:07","end":"02:07","startHours":25.12402280683412,"endHours":26.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:07","end":"03:07","startHours":26.12402280683412,"endHours":27.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:07","end":"04:07","startHours":27.12402280683412,"endHours":28.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:07","end":"05:07","startHours":28.12402280683412,"endHours":29.12402280683412,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śrīvatsa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":21.644622459977178,"eotMinutes":2.4995667581397525,"ayanamsa":-10.2681}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-386,"saka_samvat":-521,"bengali_samvat":-1036,"malayalam_era":-1267,"nanakshahi_year":-1912,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram -386 undefined · Śaka -521 undefined"},"festivals":[{"id":"ratha-yatra","name":"Ratha-Yātrā (Jagannātha Puri)","name_sanskrit":"रथ यात्रा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Jagannātha (Krishna) + Balarāma + Subhadrā","significance":"Jagannātha's annual ratha-yātrā at Puri.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":2,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Ratha-Yātrā (Jagannātha Puri) is not live yet; Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"puri"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 31, 444 BCE · Purī (Jagannāth) · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 31, 444 BCE for Purī (Jagannāth): Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:07, sūryāsta 18:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/puri/-0443-05-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/puri/-0443-05-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/puri/-0443-05-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/puri/-0443-05-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/puri/-0443-05-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-08T02:10:20.463Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-08T02:10:20.463Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-08T02:10:20.463Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}