{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:pune:2028-05-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/pune/2028-05-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-05-01","date_display":"May 1, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461892.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873427.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.9449,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":94.6762,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":77.7313,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.7313},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":94.6762,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.3429},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":111.6211},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461892.770833,"ahargana":1873427.2708,"kali_year":5130,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2488,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.951549,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":93.21654899999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.1672},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":7.670548999999994,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":35.374348999999995,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":143.39684899999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":53.328148999999996,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":8.045548999999994,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":276.8076,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":96.8076,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461892.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873427.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.9449,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":94.6762,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":77.7313,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.7313},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":94.6762,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.3429},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":111.6211},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.167,"elongation":77.731},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.167,"opposition_distance":102.269}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"pune","name":"Pune, Maharashtra","lat":18.5204,"lon":73.8567,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"mega","elevation_m":560},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"pune","name":"Pune, Maharashtra","lat":18.5204,"lon":73.8567,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"mega","elevation_m":560},"sunriseLocal":"06:07","sunsetLocal":"18:56","solarNoonLocal":"12:32","dayLengthHours":12.817648117124229,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 49 Mins 04 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 10 Mins 56 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:05","moonsetLocal":"00:08","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:43","end":"09:19","startHours":7.720968500595634,"endHours":9.323174515236163,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:56","end":"12:32","startHours":10.92538052987669,"endHours":12.52758654451722,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:08","end":"15:44","startHours":14.12979255915775,"endHours":15.731998573798277,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:07","end":"09:32","startHours":9.109547046617426,"endHours":9.5368019838549,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:39","end":"07:00","startHours":6.652831157501948,"endHours":6.994635107291928,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:06","end":"12:57","startHours":12.100331607279745,"endHours":12.954841481754695,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:25","end":"05:16","startHours":4.4097427370052085,"endHours":5.264252611480157,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:03","end":"06:07","startHours":5.050625142861421,"endHours":6.118762485955106,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:40","end":"15:31","startHours":14.66386123070459,"endHours":15.518371105179538,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:44","end":"19:08","startHours":18.736410603079335,"endHours":19.136410603079334,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:56","end":"19:28","startHours":18.936410603079334,"endHours":19.47047927462618,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:41","end":"20:26","startHours":18.686410603079334,"endHours":20.436410603079334,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:06","end":"00:57","startHours":24.100331607279745,"endHours":24.954841481754695,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:07","end":"07:43","startHours":6.118762485955106,"endHours":7.720968500595634,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:43","end":"09:19","startHours":7.720968500595634,"endHours":9.323174515236163,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:19","end":"10:56","startHours":9.323174515236163,"endHours":10.92538052987669,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:56","end":"12:32","startHours":10.92538052987669,"endHours":12.52758654451722,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:32","end":"14:08","startHours":12.52758654451722,"endHours":14.12979255915775,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:08","end":"15:44","startHours":14.12979255915775,"endHours":15.731998573798277,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:44","end":"17:20","startHours":15.731998573798277,"endHours":17.334204588438805,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:20","end":"18:56","startHours":17.334204588438805,"endHours":18.936410603079334,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:56","end":"20:20","startHours":18.936410603079334,"endHours":20.334204588438805,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:20","end":"21:44","startHours":20.334204588438805,"endHours":21.73199857379828,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:44","end":"23:08","startHours":21.73199857379828,"endHours":23.12979255915775,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:08","end":"00:32","startHours":23.12979255915775,"endHours":24.52758654451722,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:32","end":"01:56","startHours":24.52758654451722,"endHours":25.92538052987669,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:56","end":"03:19","startHours":25.92538052987669,"endHours":27.32317451523616,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:19","end":"04:43","startHours":27.32317451523616,"endHours":28.720968500595635,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:43","end":"06:07","startHours":28.720968500595635,"endHours":30.118762485955106,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:07","end":"07:07","startHours":6.118762485955106,"endHours":7.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:07","end":"08:07","startHours":7.118762485955106,"endHours":8.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:07","end":"09:07","startHours":8.118762485955106,"endHours":9.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:07","end":"10:07","startHours":9.118762485955106,"endHours":10.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:07","end":"11:07","startHours":10.118762485955106,"endHours":11.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:07","end":"12:07","startHours":11.118762485955106,"endHours":12.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:07","end":"13:07","startHours":12.118762485955106,"endHours":13.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:07","end":"14:07","startHours":13.118762485955106,"endHours":14.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:07","end":"15:07","startHours":14.118762485955106,"endHours":15.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:07","end":"16:07","startHours":15.118762485955106,"endHours":16.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:07","end":"17:07","startHours":16.118762485955106,"endHours":17.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:07","end":"18:07","startHours":17.118762485955106,"endHours":18.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:07","end":"19:07","startHours":18.118762485955106,"endHours":19.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:07","end":"20:07","startHours":19.118762485955106,"endHours":20.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:07","end":"21:07","startHours":20.118762485955106,"endHours":21.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:07","end":"22:07","startHours":21.118762485955106,"endHours":22.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:07","end":"23:07","startHours":22.118762485955106,"endHours":23.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:07","end":"00:07","startHours":23.118762485955106,"endHours":24.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:07","end":"01:07","startHours":24.118762485955106,"endHours":25.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:07","end":"02:07","startHours":25.118762485955106,"endHours":26.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:07","end":"03:07","startHours":26.118762485955106,"endHours":27.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:07","end":"04:07","startHours":27.118762485955106,"endHours":28.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:07","end":"05:07","startHours":28.118762485955106,"endHours":29.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":29.118762485955106,"endHours":30.118762485955106,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Maitra","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":15.187818487054658,"eotMinutes":2.918007328966811,"ayanamsa":24.2488}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2},{"id":"ganga-saptami","name":"Gaṅgā Saptamī","name_sanskrit":"गङ्गा सप्तमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Devī Gaṅgā","significance":"Gaṅgā Devī's descent to Brahma-loka before her earth-descent.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":7,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"pune"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 1, 2028 CE · Pune, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 1, 2028 CE for Pune, Maharashtra: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:07, sūryāsta 18:56.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/pune/2028-05-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/pune/2028-05-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/pune/2028-05-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/pune/2028-05-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/pune/2028-05-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:59:09.968Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:59:09.968Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T18:59:09.968Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}