{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:phoenix:2013-08-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2013-08-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-08-31","date_display":"August 31, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456535.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868070.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.0519,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":70.6885,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":297.6367,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.6367},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":70.6885,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.0219},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":203.7404},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456535.770833,"ahargana":1868070.2708,"kali_year":5115,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0439,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.767626,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":72.56472600000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.4478},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":97.68172600000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":139.418726,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":79.24442599999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":172.72722599999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":192.76982599999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":200.6473,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":20.6473,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456535.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868070.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.0519,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":70.6885,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":297.6367,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.6367},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":70.6885,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.0219},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":203.7404},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.448,"elongation":62.363},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.448,"opposition_distance":117.637}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:01","sunsetLocal":"18:55","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":12.903456850557516,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 54 Mins 12 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 05 Mins 48 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:14","moonsetLocal":"15:33","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:15","end":"10:51","startHours":9.243309295304167,"endHours":10.856241401623855,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:05","end":"15:42","startHours":14.082105614263234,"endHours":15.695037720582924,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:01","end":"07:38","startHours":6.017445082664787,"endHours":7.630377188984477,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:02","end":"09:28","startHours":9.028251681128207,"endHours":9.458366909480125,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:33","end":"06:54","startHours":6.555089118104684,"endHours":6.899181300786218,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:02","end":"12:54","startHours":12.039058279591627,"endHours":12.899288736295462,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:18","end":"05:09","startHours":4.296984169257119,"endHours":5.157214625960953,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:57","end":"06:01","startHours":4.942157011784994,"endHours":6.017445082664787,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:29","startHours":14.619749649703133,"endHours":15.479980106406968,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:43","end":"19:07","startHours":18.720901933222304,"endHours":19.120901933222303,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:55","end":"19:28","startHours":18.920901933222304,"endHours":19.4585459686622,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:40","end":"20:25","startHours":18.670901933222304,"endHours":20.420901933222304,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:02","end":"00:54","startHours":24.03905827959163,"endHours":24.89928873629546,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:01","end":"07:38","startHours":6.017445082664787,"endHours":7.630377188984477,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:38","end":"09:15","startHours":7.630377188984477,"endHours":9.243309295304167,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:15","end":"10:51","startHours":9.243309295304167,"endHours":10.856241401623855,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:51","end":"12:28","startHours":10.856241401623855,"endHours":12.469173507943545,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:28","end":"14:05","startHours":12.469173507943545,"endHours":14.082105614263234,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:05","end":"15:42","startHours":14.082105614263234,"endHours":15.695037720582924,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:42","end":"17:18","startHours":15.695037720582924,"endHours":17.307969826902614,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:18","end":"18:55","startHours":17.307969826902614,"endHours":18.920901933222304,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:55","end":"20:18","startHours":18.920901933222304,"endHours":20.307969826902614,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:18","end":"21:42","startHours":20.307969826902614,"endHours":21.695037720582924,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:42","end":"23:05","startHours":21.695037720582924,"endHours":23.082105614263234,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:05","end":"00:28","startHours":23.082105614263234,"endHours":24.469173507943545,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:28","end":"01:51","startHours":24.469173507943545,"endHours":25.856241401623855,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:51","end":"03:15","startHours":25.856241401623855,"endHours":27.243309295304165,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:15","end":"04:38","startHours":27.243309295304165,"endHours":28.630377188984475,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:38","end":"06:01","startHours":28.630377188984475,"endHours":30.017445082664786,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:01","end":"07:01","startHours":6.017445082664787,"endHours":7.017445082664787,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:01","end":"08:01","startHours":7.017445082664787,"endHours":8.017445082664787,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:01","end":"09:01","startHours":8.017445082664787,"endHours":9.017445082664787,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:01","end":"10:01","startHours":9.017445082664787,"endHours":10.017445082664787,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:01","end":"11:01","startHours":10.017445082664787,"endHours":11.017445082664787,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:01","end":"12:01","startHours":11.017445082664787,"endHours":12.017445082664787,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:01","end":"13:01","startHours":12.017445082664787,"endHours":13.017445082664787,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:01","end":"14:01","startHours":13.017445082664787,"endHours":14.017445082664787,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:01","end":"15:01","startHours":14.017445082664787,"endHours":15.017445082664787,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:01","end":"16:01","startHours":15.017445082664787,"endHours":16.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:01","end":"17:01","startHours":16.017445082664786,"endHours":17.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:01","end":"18:01","startHours":17.017445082664786,"endHours":18.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:01","end":"19:01","startHours":18.017445082664786,"endHours":19.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:01","end":"20:01","startHours":19.017445082664786,"endHours":20.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:01","end":"21:01","startHours":20.017445082664786,"endHours":21.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:01","end":"22:01","startHours":21.017445082664786,"endHours":22.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:01","end":"23:01","startHours":22.017445082664786,"endHours":23.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:01","end":"00:01","startHours":23.017445082664786,"endHours":24.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:01","end":"01:01","startHours":24.017445082664786,"endHours":25.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:01","end":"02:01","startHours":25.017445082664786,"endHours":26.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:01","end":"03:01","startHours":26.017445082664786,"endHours":27.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:01","end":"04:01","startHours":27.017445082664786,"endHours":28.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:01","end":"05:01","startHours":28.017445082664786,"endHours":29.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:01","end":"06:01","startHours":29.017445082664786,"endHours":30.017445082664786,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":8.63883366166375,"eotMinutes":0.14558952338733633,"ayanamsa":24.0439}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"phoenix"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 31, 2013 CE · Phoenix, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 31, 2013 CE for Phoenix, USA: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:01, sūryāsta 18:55.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2013-08-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2013-08-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2013-08-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2013-08-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2013-08-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T14:39:00.890Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T14:39:00.890Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T14:39:00.890Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}