{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:phoenix:2013-05-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2013-05-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-05-01","date_display":"May 1, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456413.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1867948.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.8303,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":265.3795,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":248.5491,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.5491},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":265.3795,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.0461},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":282.2098},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456413.770833,"ahargana":1867948.2708,"kali_year":5115,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0392,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.80018799999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":268.078388,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.8262},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":13.652188000000024,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":4.431087999999988,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":53.00038799999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":25.237588000000017,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":193.72828800000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":207.1114,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":27.1114,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456413.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1867948.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.8303,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":265.3795,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":248.5491,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.5491},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":265.3795,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.0461},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":282.2098},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.826,"elongation":111.451},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.826,"opposition_distance":68.549}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-5,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.09,"opposition_distance":1.352},{"offset_days":9,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.055,"elongation":1.837}]},"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:40","sunsetLocal":"19:11","solarNoonLocal":"12:25","dayLengthHours":13.506964275886025,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 30 Mins 25 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 29 Mins 35 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:08","moonsetLocal":"10:13","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:25","end":"14:07","startHours":12.42296654451722,"endHours":14.111337079002974,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:21","end":"09:03","startHours":7.357854941059961,"endHours":9.046225475545715,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:44","end":"12:25","startHours":10.734596010031467,"endHours":12.42296654451722,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:49","end":"09:16","startHours":8.821109404280946,"endHours":9.271341546810481,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:14","end":"06:36","startHours":6.232274584736126,"endHours":6.592460298759753,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:52","startHours":11.972734401987685,"endHours":12.873198687046754,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:52","end":"04:46","startHours":3.8685558364560713,"endHours":4.7690201215151395,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:33","end":"05:40","startHours":4.543904050250372,"endHours":5.669484406574208,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:40","end":"15:34","startHours":14.674127257164892,"endHours":15.574591542223962,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:59","end":"19:23","startHours":18.976448682460234,"endHours":19.376448682460232,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:11","end":"19:44","startHours":19.176448682460233,"endHours":19.73923886062215,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:56","end":"20:41","startHours":18.926448682460233,"endHours":20.676448682460233,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:52","startHours":23.972734401987687,"endHours":24.873198687046752,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:40","end":"07:21","startHours":5.669484406574208,"endHours":7.357854941059961,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:21","end":"09:03","startHours":7.357854941059961,"endHours":9.046225475545715,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:03","end":"10:44","startHours":9.046225475545715,"endHours":10.734596010031467,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:44","end":"12:25","startHours":10.734596010031467,"endHours":12.42296654451722,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:25","end":"14:07","startHours":12.42296654451722,"endHours":14.111337079002974,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:07","end":"15:48","startHours":14.111337079002974,"endHours":15.799707613488726,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:48","end":"17:29","startHours":15.799707613488726,"endHours":17.48807814797448,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:29","end":"19:11","startHours":17.48807814797448,"endHours":19.176448682460233,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:11","end":"20:29","startHours":19.176448682460233,"endHours":20.48807814797448,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:29","end":"21:48","startHours":20.48807814797448,"endHours":21.799707613488728,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:48","end":"23:07","startHours":21.799707613488728,"endHours":23.111337079002972,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:07","end":"00:25","startHours":23.111337079002972,"endHours":24.42296654451722,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:25","end":"01:44","startHours":24.42296654451722,"endHours":25.734596010031467,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:44","end":"03:03","startHours":25.734596010031467,"endHours":27.046225475545715,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:03","end":"04:21","startHours":27.046225475545715,"endHours":28.357854941059962,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:21","end":"05:40","startHours":28.357854941059962,"endHours":29.669484406574206,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:40","end":"06:40","startHours":5.669484406574208,"endHours":6.669484406574208,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:40","end":"07:40","startHours":6.669484406574208,"endHours":7.669484406574208,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:40","end":"08:40","startHours":7.669484406574208,"endHours":8.669484406574208,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:40","end":"09:40","startHours":8.669484406574208,"endHours":9.669484406574208,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:40","end":"10:40","startHours":9.669484406574208,"endHours":10.669484406574208,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:40","end":"11:40","startHours":10.669484406574208,"endHours":11.669484406574208,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:40","end":"12:40","startHours":11.669484406574208,"endHours":12.669484406574208,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:40","end":"13:40","startHours":12.669484406574208,"endHours":13.669484406574208,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:40","end":"14:40","startHours":13.669484406574208,"endHours":14.669484406574208,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:40","end":"15:40","startHours":14.669484406574208,"endHours":15.669484406574208,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:40","end":"16:40","startHours":15.669484406574208,"endHours":16.669484406574206,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:40","end":"17:40","startHours":16.669484406574206,"endHours":17.669484406574206,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:40","end":"18:40","startHours":17.669484406574206,"endHours":18.669484406574206,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:40","end":"19:40","startHours":18.669484406574206,"endHours":19.669484406574206,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:40","end":"20:40","startHours":19.669484406574206,"endHours":20.669484406574206,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:40","end":"21:40","startHours":20.669484406574206,"endHours":21.669484406574206,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:40","end":"22:40","startHours":21.669484406574206,"endHours":22.669484406574206,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:40","end":"23:40","startHours":22.669484406574206,"endHours":23.669484406574206,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:40","end":"00:40","startHours":23.669484406574206,"endHours":24.669484406574206,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:40","end":"01:40","startHours":24.669484406574206,"endHours":25.669484406574206,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:40","end":"02:40","startHours":25.669484406574206,"endHours":26.669484406574206,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:40","end":"03:40","startHours":26.669484406574206,"endHours":27.669484406574206,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:40","end":"04:40","startHours":27.669484406574206,"endHours":28.669484406574206,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:40","end":"05:40","startHours":28.669484406574206,"endHours":29.669484406574206,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":15.075610301743168,"eotMinutes":2.918007328966811,"ayanamsa":24.0392}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"phoenix"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 1, 2013 CE · Phoenix, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 1, 2013 CE for Phoenix, USA: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 05:40, sūryāsta 19:11.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2013-05-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2013-05-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2013-05-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2013-05-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2013-05-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:46:26.812Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:46:26.812Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T13:46:26.812Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}