{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:phoenix:2002-01-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2002-01-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-01-23","date_display":"January 23, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452297.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863832.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":278.9185,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":25.9153,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":106.9968,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.9968},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":25.9153,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.582},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":304.8338},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452297.770833,"ahargana":1863832.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8818,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":278.97214899999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":23.61364900000001,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.8473},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":339.105049,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":288.93364900000006,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":73.87994900000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":281.00384899999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":44.28434900000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":65.1969,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":245.1969,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452297.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863832.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":278.9185,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":25.9153,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":106.9968,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.9968},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":25.9153,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.582},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":304.8338},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.847,"elongation":106.997},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.847,"opposition_distance":73.003}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:30","sunsetLocal":"17:50","solarNoonLocal":"12:40","dayLengthHours":10.339225101215334,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 20 Mins 21 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 39 Mins 39 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:49","moonsetLocal":"02:28","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:40","end":"13:58","startHours":12.66835329300196,"endHours":13.960756430653877,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:47","end":"10:05","startHours":8.79114388004621,"endHours":10.083547017698127,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:23","end":"12:40","startHours":11.375950155350044,"endHours":12.66835329300196,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:55","end":"10:15","startHours":9.911226599344538,"endHours":10.255867436051716,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:56","end":"08:12","startHours":7.929541788278266,"endHours":8.205254457644008,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:19","end":"13:01","startHours":12.323712456294782,"endHours":13.012994129709138,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:07","end":"06:49","startHours":6.120177395565583,"endHours":6.809459068979939,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:38","end":"07:30","startHours":6.6371386506263494,"endHours":7.498740742394294,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:23","end":"15:05","startHours":14.39155747653785,"endHours":15.080839149952205,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:38","end":"18:02","startHours":17.637965843609628,"endHours":18.037965843609626,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:50","end":"18:16","startHours":17.837965843609627,"endHours":18.268766889493598,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:35","end":"19:20","startHours":17.587965843609627,"endHours":19.337965843609627,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:19","end":"01:01","startHours":24.323712456294782,"endHours":25.01299412970914,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"07:30","end":"08:47","startHours":7.498740742394294,"endHours":8.79114388004621,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:47","end":"10:05","startHours":8.79114388004621,"endHours":10.083547017698127,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:05","end":"11:23","startHours":10.083547017698127,"endHours":11.375950155350044,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:23","end":"12:40","startHours":11.375950155350044,"endHours":12.66835329300196,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:40","end":"13:58","startHours":12.66835329300196,"endHours":13.960756430653877,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:58","end":"15:15","startHours":13.960756430653877,"endHours":15.253159568305794,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:15","end":"16:33","startHours":15.253159568305794,"endHours":16.54556270595771,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:33","end":"17:50","startHours":16.54556270595771,"endHours":17.837965843609627,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:50","end":"19:33","startHours":17.837965843609627,"endHours":19.54556270595771,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:33","end":"21:15","startHours":19.54556270595771,"endHours":21.253159568305794,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:15","end":"22:58","startHours":21.253159568305794,"endHours":22.960756430653877,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:58","end":"00:40","startHours":22.960756430653877,"endHours":24.66835329300196,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:40","end":"02:23","startHours":24.66835329300196,"endHours":26.375950155350044,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:23","end":"04:05","startHours":26.375950155350044,"endHours":28.083547017698127,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:05","end":"05:47","startHours":28.083547017698127,"endHours":29.79114388004621,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:47","end":"07:30","startHours":29.79114388004621,"endHours":31.498740742394293,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:30","end":"08:30","startHours":7.498740742394294,"endHours":8.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:30","end":"09:30","startHours":8.498740742394293,"endHours":9.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:30","end":"10:30","startHours":9.498740742394293,"endHours":10.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:30","end":"11:30","startHours":10.498740742394293,"endHours":11.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:30","end":"12:30","startHours":11.498740742394293,"endHours":12.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:30","end":"13:30","startHours":12.498740742394293,"endHours":13.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:30","end":"14:30","startHours":13.498740742394293,"endHours":14.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:30","end":"15:30","startHours":14.498740742394293,"endHours":15.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:30","end":"16:30","startHours":15.498740742394293,"endHours":16.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:30","end":"17:30","startHours":16.498740742394293,"endHours":17.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:30","end":"18:30","startHours":17.498740742394293,"endHours":18.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:30","end":"19:30","startHours":18.498740742394293,"endHours":19.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:30","end":"20:30","startHours":19.498740742394293,"endHours":20.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:30","end":"21:30","startHours":20.498740742394293,"endHours":21.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:30","end":"22:30","startHours":21.498740742394293,"endHours":22.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:30","end":"23:30","startHours":22.498740742394293,"endHours":23.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:30","end":"00:30","startHours":23.498740742394293,"endHours":24.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:30","end":"01:30","startHours":24.498740742394293,"endHours":25.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:30","end":"02:30","startHours":25.498740742394293,"endHours":26.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:30","end":"03:30","startHours":26.498740742394293,"endHours":27.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:30","end":"04:30","startHours":27.498740742394293,"endHours":28.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:30","end":"05:30","startHours":28.498740742394293,"endHours":29.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:30","end":"06:30","startHours":29.498740742394293,"endHours":30.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:30","end":"07:30","startHours":30.498740742394293,"endHours":31.498740742394293,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Padma","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-19.518888966197032,"eotMinutes":-11.805197580117738,"ayanamsa":23.8818}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Śukla Navamī","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"phoenix"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 23, 2002 CE · Phoenix, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 23, 2002 CE for Phoenix, USA: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 07:30, sūryāsta 17:50.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2002-01-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2002-01-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2002-01-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2002-01-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2002-01-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T21:12:03.311Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T21:12:03.311Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T21:12:03.311Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}