{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:phoenix:2001-04-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2001-04-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-04-21","date_display":"April 21, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":4,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452020.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863555.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":7.2455,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":335.5966,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":328.3511,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.3511},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":335.5966,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.2633},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":342.8421},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":54,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":4,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452020.770833,"ahargana":1863555.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8712,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":7.141832000000022,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":336.519432,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.3607},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":242.72103200000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":4.307331999999974,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":47.500832,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":337.612232,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":36.088232000000005,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":79.8737,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":259.8737,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":4,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452020.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863555.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":7.2455,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":335.5966,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":328.3511,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.3511},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":335.5966,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.2633},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":342.8421},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":54,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.361,"elongation":31.649},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.361,"opposition_distance":148.351}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:51","sunsetLocal":"19:03","solarNoonLocal":"12:27","dayLengthHours":13.197477458733166,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 11 Mins 51 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 48 Mins 09 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:21","moonsetLocal":"16:28","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:09","end":"10:48","startHours":9.152441821297337,"endHours":10.802126503638982,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:06","end":"15:45","startHours":14.101495868322274,"endHours":15.75118055066392,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:51","end":"07:30","startHours":5.853072456614045,"endHours":7.502757138955691,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:56","end":"09:22","startHours":8.932483863651784,"endHours":9.372399778942889,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:24","end":"06:45","startHours":6.402967350727927,"endHours":6.754900082960812,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:01","end":"12:54","startHours":12.011895270689521,"endHours":12.891727101271734,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:06","end":"04:58","startHours":4.093408795449623,"endHours":4.973240626031834,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:45","end":"05:51","startHours":4.753282668386282,"endHours":5.853072456614045,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:32","startHours":14.651390762436156,"endHours":15.531222593018366,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:51","end":"19:15","startHours":18.850549915347212,"endHours":19.25054991534721,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:03","end":"19:36","startHours":19.05054991534721,"endHours":19.600444809461095,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:48","end":"20:33","startHours":18.80054991534721,"endHours":20.55054991534721,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:01","end":"00:54","startHours":24.01189527068952,"endHours":24.891727101271734,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:51","end":"07:30","startHours":5.853072456614045,"endHours":7.502757138955691,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:30","end":"09:09","startHours":7.502757138955691,"endHours":9.152441821297337,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:09","end":"10:48","startHours":9.152441821297337,"endHours":10.802126503638982,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:48","end":"12:27","startHours":10.802126503638982,"endHours":12.451811185980628,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:27","end":"14:06","startHours":12.451811185980628,"endHours":14.101495868322274,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:06","end":"15:45","startHours":14.101495868322274,"endHours":15.75118055066392,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:45","end":"17:24","startHours":15.75118055066392,"endHours":17.400865233005568,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:24","end":"19:03","startHours":17.400865233005568,"endHours":19.05054991534721,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:03","end":"20:24","startHours":19.05054991534721,"endHours":20.400865233005565,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:24","end":"21:45","startHours":20.400865233005565,"endHours":21.75118055066392,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:45","end":"23:06","startHours":21.75118055066392,"endHours":23.101495868322274,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:06","end":"00:27","startHours":23.101495868322274,"endHours":24.451811185980628,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:27","end":"01:48","startHours":24.451811185980628,"endHours":25.80212650363898,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:48","end":"03:09","startHours":25.80212650363898,"endHours":27.152441821297337,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:09","end":"04:30","startHours":27.152441821297337,"endHours":28.50275713895569,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:30","end":"05:51","startHours":28.50275713895569,"endHours":29.853072456614044,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:51","end":"06:51","startHours":5.853072456614045,"endHours":6.853072456614045,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:51","end":"07:51","startHours":6.853072456614045,"endHours":7.853072456614045,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:51","end":"08:51","startHours":7.853072456614045,"endHours":8.853072456614045,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:51","end":"09:51","startHours":8.853072456614045,"endHours":9.853072456614045,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:51","end":"10:51","startHours":9.853072456614045,"endHours":10.853072456614045,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:51","end":"11:51","startHours":10.853072456614045,"endHours":11.853072456614045,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:51","end":"12:51","startHours":11.853072456614045,"endHours":12.853072456614045,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:51","end":"13:51","startHours":12.853072456614045,"endHours":13.853072456614045,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:51","end":"14:51","startHours":13.853072456614045,"endHours":14.853072456614045,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:51","end":"15:51","startHours":14.853072456614045,"endHours":15.853072456614045,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:51","end":"16:51","startHours":15.853072456614045,"endHours":16.853072456614044,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:51","end":"17:51","startHours":16.853072456614044,"endHours":17.853072456614044,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:51","end":"18:51","startHours":17.853072456614044,"endHours":18.853072456614044,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:51","end":"19:51","startHours":18.853072456614044,"endHours":19.853072456614044,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:51","end":"20:51","startHours":19.853072456614044,"endHours":20.853072456614044,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:51","end":"21:51","startHours":20.853072456614044,"endHours":21.853072456614044,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:51","end":"22:51","startHours":21.853072456614044,"endHours":22.853072456614044,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:51","end":"23:51","startHours":22.853072456614044,"endHours":23.853072456614044,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:51","end":"00:51","startHours":23.853072456614044,"endHours":24.853072456614044,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:51","end":"01:51","startHours":24.853072456614044,"endHours":25.853072456614044,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:51","end":"02:51","startHours":25.853072456614044,"endHours":26.853072456614044,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:51","end":"03:51","startHours":26.853072456614044,"endHours":27.853072456614044,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:51","end":"04:51","startHours":27.853072456614044,"endHours":28.853072456614044,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:51","end":"05:51","startHours":28.853072456614044,"endHours":29.853072456614044,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":11.825102759913651,"eotMinutes":1.1873288411622274,"ayanamsa":23.8712}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"phoenix"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 21, 2001 CE · Phoenix, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 21, 2001 CE for Phoenix, USA: Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 05:51, sūryāsta 19:03.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2001-04-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2001-04-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2001-04-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2001-04-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/2001-04-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T10:21:05.408Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T10:21:05.408Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T10:21:05.408Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}