{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:phoenix:1998-01-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1998-01-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1998-01-21","date_display":"January 21, 1998 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450834.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862369.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.904,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":191.2971,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":274.3931,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.3931},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":191.2971,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.6304},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":108.2011},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":45,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1998,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450834.770833,"ahargana":1862369.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8258,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.962846,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":189.26054599999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.3731},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":302.762346,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":257.375546,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":302.80184600000007,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":269.466146,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":350.819246,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":142.7137,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":322.7137,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450834.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862369.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.904,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":191.2971,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":274.3931,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.3931},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":191.2971,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.6304},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":108.2011},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":45,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.373,"elongation":85.607},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.373,"opposition_distance":94.393}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:31","sunsetLocal":"17:48","solarNoonLocal":"12:40","dayLengthHours":10.292753072914698,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 17 Mins 34 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 42 Mins 26 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:20","moonsetLocal":"12:18","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:40","end":"13:57","startHours":12.659195520818866,"endHours":13.945789654933204,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:48","end":"10:05","startHours":8.799413118475854,"endHours":10.086007252590193,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:22","end":"12:40","startHours":11.37260138670453,"endHours":12.659195520818866,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:55","end":"10:15","startHours":9.914461368041614,"endHours":10.257553137138771,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:57","end":"08:13","startHours":7.941683695732964,"endHours":8.21615711101069,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:19","end":"13:00","startHours":12.316103751721709,"endHours":13.002287289916023,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:08","end":"06:50","startHours":6.140451907972891,"endHours":6.826635446167205,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:39","end":"07:31","startHours":6.6550895616186265,"endHours":7.512818984361518,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:22","end":"15:04","startHours":14.37465436630465,"endHours":15.060837904498964,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:36","end":"18:00","startHours":17.605572057276216,"endHours":18.005572057276215,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:48","end":"18:14","startHours":17.805572057276216,"endHours":18.23443676864766,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:33","end":"19:18","startHours":17.555572057276216,"endHours":19.305572057276216,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:19","end":"01:00","startHours":24.31610375172171,"endHours":25.002287289916023,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"07:31","end":"08:48","startHours":7.512818984361518,"endHours":8.799413118475854,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:48","end":"10:05","startHours":8.799413118475854,"endHours":10.086007252590193,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:05","end":"11:22","startHours":10.086007252590193,"endHours":11.37260138670453,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:22","end":"12:40","startHours":11.37260138670453,"endHours":12.659195520818866,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:40","end":"13:57","startHours":12.659195520818866,"endHours":13.945789654933204,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:57","end":"15:14","startHours":13.945789654933204,"endHours":15.23238378904754,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:14","end":"16:31","startHours":15.23238378904754,"endHours":16.518977923161877,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:31","end":"17:48","startHours":16.518977923161877,"endHours":17.805572057276216,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:48","end":"19:31","startHours":17.805572057276216,"endHours":19.518977923161877,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:31","end":"21:14","startHours":19.518977923161877,"endHours":21.232383789047542,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:14","end":"22:57","startHours":21.232383789047542,"endHours":22.945789654933204,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:57","end":"00:40","startHours":22.945789654933204,"endHours":24.659195520818866,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:40","end":"02:22","startHours":24.659195520818866,"endHours":26.37260138670453,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:22","end":"04:05","startHours":26.37260138670453,"endHours":28.086007252590193,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:05","end":"05:48","startHours":28.086007252590193,"endHours":29.799413118475854,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:48","end":"07:31","startHours":29.799413118475854,"endHours":31.512818984361516,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:31","end":"08:31","startHours":7.512818984361518,"endHours":8.512818984361518,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:31","end":"09:31","startHours":8.512818984361518,"endHours":9.512818984361518,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:31","end":"10:31","startHours":9.512818984361518,"endHours":10.512818984361518,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:31","end":"11:31","startHours":10.512818984361518,"endHours":11.512818984361518,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:31","end":"12:31","startHours":11.512818984361518,"endHours":12.512818984361518,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:31","end":"13:31","startHours":12.512818984361518,"endHours":13.512818984361518,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:31","end":"14:31","startHours":13.512818984361518,"endHours":14.512818984361518,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:31","end":"15:31","startHours":14.512818984361518,"endHours":15.512818984361518,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:31","end":"16:31","startHours":15.512818984361518,"endHours":16.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:31","end":"17:31","startHours":16.512818984361516,"endHours":17.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:31","end":"18:31","startHours":17.512818984361516,"endHours":18.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:31","end":"19:31","startHours":18.512818984361516,"endHours":19.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:31","end":"20:31","startHours":19.512818984361516,"endHours":20.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:31","end":"21:31","startHours":20.512818984361516,"endHours":21.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:31","end":"22:31","startHours":21.512818984361516,"endHours":22.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:31","end":"23:31","startHours":22.512818984361516,"endHours":23.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:31","end":"00:31","startHours":23.512818984361516,"endHours":24.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:31","end":"01:31","startHours":24.512818984361516,"endHours":25.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:31","end":"02:31","startHours":25.512818984361516,"endHours":26.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:31","end":"03:31","startHours":26.512818984361516,"endHours":27.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:31","end":"04:31","startHours":27.512818984361516,"endHours":28.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:31","end":"05:31","startHours":28.512818984361516,"endHours":29.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":29.512818984361516,"endHours":30.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:31","end":"07:31","startHours":30.512818984361516,"endHours":31.512818984361516,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-19.97905362189349,"eotMinutes":-11.255731249132124,"ayanamsa":23.8258}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2055,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1920,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1405,"malayalam_era":1174,"nanakshahi_year":529,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2055 Khara · Śaka 1920 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"phoenix"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 21, 1998 CE · Phoenix, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 21, 1998 CE for Phoenix, USA: Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 07:31, sūryāsta 17:48.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1998-01-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1998-01-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1998-01-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1998-01-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1998-01-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T17:58:33.118Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T17:58:33.118Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T17:58:33.118Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}