{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:phoenix:1997-08-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-08-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-08-18","date_display":"August 18, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":8,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450678.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862213.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":120.7056,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":294.1955,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":173.4899,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.4899},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":294.1955,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.8621},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":54.9011},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":28,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":8,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450678.770833,"ahargana":1862213.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8199,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":121.32800700000001,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":295.33540700000003,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.6928},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":188.482307,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":142.58790699999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":292.098207,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":156.72480700000006,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":356.266407,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":150.9793,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":330.9793,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":8,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450678.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862213.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":120.7056,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":294.1955,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":173.4899,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.4899},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":294.1955,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.8621},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":54.9011},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":28,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.693,"elongation":173.49},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.693,"opposition_distance":6.51}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":15,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.043,"elongation":1.659}]},"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:52","sunsetLocal":"19:11","solarNoonLocal":"12:32","dayLengthHours":13.321107097576323,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 19 Mins 16 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 40 Mins 44 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:46","moonsetLocal":"05:30","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:32","end":"09:12","startHours":7.53498580042405,"endHours":9.20012418762109,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:52","end":"12:32","startHours":10.865262574818132,"endHours":12.530400962015172,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:12","end":"15:52","startHours":14.195539349212211,"endHours":15.860677736409253,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:59","end":"09:25","startHours":8.97810573599482,"endHours":9.422142639247364,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:25","end":"06:47","startHours":6.42489354229269,"endHours":6.780123064894725,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:05","end":"12:58","startHours":12.086364058762628,"endHours":12.974437865267715,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:06","end":"04:59","startHours":4.093699800216833,"endHours":4.981773606721922,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:46","end":"05:52","startHours":4.759755155095649,"endHours":5.86984741322701,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:45","end":"15:38","startHours":14.750585478277893,"endHours":15.638659284782982,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:59","end":"19:23","startHours":18.990954510803334,"endHours":19.390954510803333,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:11","end":"19:45","startHours":19.190954510803333,"endHours":19.746000639869013,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:56","end":"20:41","startHours":18.940954510803333,"endHours":20.690954510803333,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:05","end":"00:58","startHours":24.086364058762626,"endHours":24.974437865267717,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:52","end":"07:32","startHours":5.86984741322701,"endHours":7.53498580042405,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:32","end":"09:12","startHours":7.53498580042405,"endHours":9.20012418762109,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:12","end":"10:52","startHours":9.20012418762109,"endHours":10.865262574818132,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:52","end":"12:32","startHours":10.865262574818132,"endHours":12.530400962015172,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:32","end":"14:12","startHours":12.530400962015172,"endHours":14.195539349212211,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:12","end":"15:52","startHours":14.195539349212211,"endHours":15.860677736409253,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:52","end":"17:32","startHours":15.860677736409253,"endHours":17.525816123606294,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:32","end":"19:11","startHours":17.525816123606294,"endHours":19.190954510803333,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"19:11","end":"20:32","startHours":19.190954510803333,"endHours":20.525816123606294,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:32","end":"21:52","startHours":20.525816123606294,"endHours":21.86067773640925,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:52","end":"23:12","startHours":21.86067773640925,"endHours":23.19553934921221,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:12","end":"00:32","startHours":23.19553934921221,"endHours":24.53040096201517,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:32","end":"01:52","startHours":24.53040096201517,"endHours":25.865262574818132,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:52","end":"03:12","startHours":25.865262574818132,"endHours":27.200124187621093,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:12","end":"04:32","startHours":27.200124187621093,"endHours":28.53498580042405,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:32","end":"05:52","startHours":28.53498580042405,"endHours":29.86984741322701,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:52","end":"06:52","startHours":5.86984741322701,"endHours":6.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:52","end":"07:52","startHours":6.86984741322701,"endHours":7.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:52","end":"08:52","startHours":7.86984741322701,"endHours":8.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:52","end":"09:52","startHours":8.86984741322701,"endHours":9.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:52","end":"10:52","startHours":9.86984741322701,"endHours":10.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:52","end":"11:52","startHours":10.86984741322701,"endHours":11.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:52","end":"12:52","startHours":11.86984741322701,"endHours":12.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:52","end":"13:52","startHours":12.86984741322701,"endHours":13.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:52","end":"14:52","startHours":13.86984741322701,"endHours":14.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:52","end":"15:52","startHours":14.86984741322701,"endHours":15.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:52","end":"16:52","startHours":15.86984741322701,"endHours":16.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:52","end":"17:52","startHours":16.86984741322701,"endHours":17.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:52","end":"18:52","startHours":17.86984741322701,"endHours":18.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:52","end":"19:52","startHours":18.86984741322701,"endHours":19.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:52","end":"20:52","startHours":19.86984741322701,"endHours":20.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:52","end":"21:52","startHours":20.86984741322701,"endHours":21.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:52","end":"22:52","startHours":21.86984741322701,"endHours":22.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:52","end":"23:52","startHours":22.86984741322701,"endHours":23.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:52","end":"00:52","startHours":23.86984741322701,"endHours":24.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:52","end":"01:52","startHours":24.86984741322701,"endHours":25.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:52","end":"02:52","startHours":25.86984741322701,"endHours":26.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:52","end":"03:52","startHours":26.86984741322701,"endHours":27.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:52","end":"04:52","startHours":27.86984741322701,"endHours":28.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:52","end":"05:52","startHours":28.86984741322701,"endHours":29.86984741322701,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":13.137466710510866,"eotMinutes":-3.5280577209103767,"ayanamsa":23.8199}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"raksha-bandhana","name":"Rakṣā Bandhana / Śrāvaṇa Pūrṇimā","name_sanskrit":"रक्षा बन्धन","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sister-brother bond; Brāhmaṇa Upākarma.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"jhulan-purnima","name":"Jhūlan Pūrṇimā (Rādhā-Krishna swing)","name_sanskrit":"झूलन पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Rādhā-Krishna","significance":"Rādhā-Krishna swing-līlā festival; Jhūlan-yātrā culmination.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"upakarman-rigveda","name":"Ṛg-Veda Upākarman","name_sanskrit":"ऋग्वेद उपाकर्मन्","tradition":"Smarta","associated_deity":"Ṛṣi-paramparā","significance":"Annual renewal of Veda-svādhyāya for Ṛg-Vedīs. Śrāvaṇa Pūrṇimā.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"upakarman-yajurveda","name":"Yajur-Veda Upākarman","name_sanskrit":"यजुर्वेद उपाकर्मन्","tradition":"Smarta","significance":"Annual renewal of Veda-svādhyāya for Yajur-Vedīs.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"hayagriva-jayanti","name":"Hayagrīva Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"हयग्रीव जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Hayagrīva (Knowledge-form of Bhagavān)","significance":"Bhagavān as Hayagrīva restored the Vedas to Brahmā. Vidyā-pradāyaka.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":4,"sources":["Devī-Bhāgavata, Hayagrīva-stotra"]}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"phoenix"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 18, 1997 CE · Phoenix, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 18, 1997 CE for Phoenix, USA: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 05:52, sūryāsta 19:11.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-08-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-08-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-08-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-08-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-08-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T02:55:48.737Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T02:55:48.737Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T02:55:48.737Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}