{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:phoenix:1997-04-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-04-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-04-18","date_display":"April 18, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450556.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862091.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":4.3616,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":128.9994,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":124.6378,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.6378},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":128.9994,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.9994},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":133.361},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450556.770833,"ahargana":1862091.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8152,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":4.237167999999997,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":130.63246800000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.1416},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":143.51756799999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":15.644867999999974,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":294.0198680000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":8.262567999999987,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":348.685468,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":157.4435,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":337.4435,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450556.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862091.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":4.3616,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":128.9994,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":124.6378,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.6378},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":128.9994,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.9994},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":133.361},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.142,"elongation":124.638},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.142,"opposition_distance":55.362}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:55","sunsetLocal":"19:01","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":13.100187437260281,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 06 Mins 01 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 53 Mins 59 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:24","moonsetLocal":"03:23","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:50","end":"12:28","startHours":10.825645188744407,"endHours":12.46316861840194,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:44","end":"17:23","startHours":15.738215477717013,"endHours":17.375738907374547,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:33","end":"09:11","startHours":7.550598329429336,"endHours":9.188121759086872,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:58","end":"09:24","startHours":8.969785301799199,"endHours":9.406458216374542,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:28","end":"06:48","startHours":6.458916042990979,"endHours":6.808254374651253,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:02","end":"12:54","startHours":12.026495703826598,"endHours":12.899841532977284,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:10","end":"05:02","startHours":4.16638324147043,"endHours":5.0397290706211155,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:49","end":"05:55","startHours":4.821392613333444,"endHours":5.913074899771801,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:31","startHours":14.646533191278653,"endHours":15.519879020429338,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:49","end":"19:13","startHours":18.813262337032082,"endHours":19.21326233703208,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:01","end":"19:34","startHours":19.01326233703208,"endHours":19.55910348025126,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:46","end":"20:31","startHours":18.76326233703208,"endHours":20.51326233703208,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:02","end":"00:54","startHours":24.026495703826598,"endHours":24.899841532977284,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:55","end":"07:33","startHours":5.913074899771801,"endHours":7.550598329429336,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:33","end":"09:11","startHours":7.550598329429336,"endHours":9.188121759086872,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:11","end":"10:50","startHours":9.188121759086872,"endHours":10.825645188744407,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:50","end":"12:28","startHours":10.825645188744407,"endHours":12.46316861840194,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:28","end":"14:06","startHours":12.46316861840194,"endHours":14.100692048059475,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:06","end":"15:44","startHours":14.100692048059475,"endHours":15.738215477717013,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:44","end":"17:23","startHours":15.738215477717013,"endHours":17.375738907374547,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:23","end":"19:01","startHours":17.375738907374547,"endHours":19.01326233703208,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"19:01","end":"20:23","startHours":19.01326233703208,"endHours":20.375738907374547,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:23","end":"21:44","startHours":20.375738907374547,"endHours":21.738215477717013,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:44","end":"23:06","startHours":21.738215477717013,"endHours":23.100692048059475,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:06","end":"00:28","startHours":23.100692048059475,"endHours":24.46316861840194,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:28","end":"01:50","startHours":24.46316861840194,"endHours":25.825645188744407,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:50","end":"03:11","startHours":25.825645188744407,"endHours":27.18812175908687,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:11","end":"04:33","startHours":27.18812175908687,"endHours":28.550598329429334,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:33","end":"05:55","startHours":28.550598329429334,"endHours":29.9130748997718,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:55","end":"06:55","startHours":5.913074899771801,"endHours":6.913074899771801,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:55","end":"07:55","startHours":6.913074899771801,"endHours":7.913074899771801,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:55","end":"08:55","startHours":7.913074899771801,"endHours":8.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:55","end":"09:55","startHours":8.9130748997718,"endHours":9.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:55","end":"10:55","startHours":9.9130748997718,"endHours":10.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:55","end":"11:55","startHours":10.9130748997718,"endHours":11.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:55","end":"12:55","startHours":11.9130748997718,"endHours":12.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:55","end":"13:55","startHours":12.9130748997718,"endHours":13.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:55","end":"14:55","startHours":13.9130748997718,"endHours":14.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:55","end":"15:55","startHours":14.9130748997718,"endHours":15.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:55","end":"16:55","startHours":15.9130748997718,"endHours":16.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:55","end":"17:55","startHours":16.9130748997718,"endHours":17.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:55","end":"18:55","startHours":17.9130748997718,"endHours":18.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:55","end":"19:55","startHours":18.9130748997718,"endHours":19.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:55","end":"20:55","startHours":19.9130748997718,"endHours":20.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:55","end":"21:55","startHours":20.9130748997718,"endHours":21.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:55","end":"22:55","startHours":21.9130748997718,"endHours":22.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:55","end":"23:55","startHours":22.9130748997718,"endHours":23.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:55","end":"00:55","startHours":23.9130748997718,"endHours":24.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:55","end":"01:55","startHours":24.9130748997718,"endHours":25.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:55","end":"02:55","startHours":25.9130748997718,"endHours":26.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:55","end":"03:55","startHours":26.9130748997718,"endHours":27.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:55","end":"04:55","startHours":27.9130748997718,"endHours":28.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:55","end":"05:55","startHours":28.9130748997718,"endHours":29.9130748997718,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":10.780382346674799,"eotMinutes":0.5058828958834352,"ayanamsa":23.8152}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"kamada-ekadashi","name":"Kāmadā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"कामदा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Fulfills righteous desires; removes brahma-hatyā.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"phoenix"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 18, 1997 CE · Phoenix, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 18, 1997 CE for Phoenix, USA: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 05:55, sūryāsta 19:01.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-04-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-04-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-04-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-04-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-04-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T14:19:34.737Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T14:19:34.737Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T14:19:34.737Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}