{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:phoenix:1997-04-15:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-04-15","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-04-15","date_display":"April 15, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":4,"day":15,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450553.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1862088.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":1.438,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":93.4094,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":91.9714,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.9714},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":93.4094,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.076},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":94.8473},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":4,"day":15,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450553.770833,"ahargana":1862088.2708,"kali_year":5098,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8151,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":1.3024829999999952,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":95.11618299999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.0504},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":143.95198300000004,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":16.09398299999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":293.571783,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":4.550882999999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":348.317183,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":157.6024,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":337.6024,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":4,"day":15,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450553.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1862088.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":1.438,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":93.4094,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":91.9714,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.9714},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":93.4094,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.076},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":94.8473},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.05,"elongation":91.971},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.05,"opposition_distance":88.029}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:58","sunsetLocal":"18:59","solarNoonLocal":"12:29","dayLengthHours":13.002327870236508,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 00 Mins 08 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 59 Mins 52 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:44","moonsetLocal":"01:44","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:44","end":"17:21","startHours":15.726184035189243,"endHours":17.351475018968806,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:14","end":"10:51","startHours":9.225020100070989,"endHours":10.850311083850553,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:29","end":"14:06","startHours":12.475602067630117,"endHours":14.10089305140968,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:00","end":"09:27","startHours":9.008314635567046,"endHours":9.44172556457493,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:31","end":"06:52","startHours":6.5162017937717165,"endHours":6.862930536978023,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:03","end":"12:55","startHours":12.042191138622233,"endHours":12.909012996638001,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:14","end":"05:06","startHours":4.240794416480328,"endHours":5.107616274496095,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:53","end":"05:58","startHours":4.890910809992153,"endHours":5.974438132511862,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:31","startHours":14.642656712669533,"endHours":15.5094785706853,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:47","end":"19:11","startHours":18.77676600274837,"endHours":19.17676600274837,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:59","end":"19:31","startHours":18.97676600274837,"endHours":19.518529664008224,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:44","end":"20:29","startHours":18.72676600274837,"endHours":20.47676600274837,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:03","end":"00:55","startHours":24.042191138622233,"endHours":24.909012996638,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:58","end":"07:36","startHours":5.974438132511862,"endHours":7.599729116291425,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:36","end":"09:14","startHours":7.599729116291425,"endHours":9.225020100070989,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:14","end":"10:51","startHours":9.225020100070989,"endHours":10.850311083850553,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:51","end":"12:29","startHours":10.850311083850553,"endHours":12.475602067630117,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:29","end":"14:06","startHours":12.475602067630117,"endHours":14.10089305140968,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:06","end":"15:44","startHours":14.10089305140968,"endHours":15.726184035189243,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:44","end":"17:21","startHours":15.726184035189243,"endHours":17.351475018968806,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:21","end":"18:59","startHours":17.351475018968806,"endHours":18.97676600274837,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:59","end":"20:21","startHours":18.97676600274837,"endHours":20.351475018968806,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:21","end":"21:44","startHours":20.351475018968806,"endHours":21.72618403518924,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:44","end":"23:06","startHours":21.72618403518924,"endHours":23.100893051409678,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:06","end":"00:29","startHours":23.100893051409678,"endHours":24.475602067630117,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:29","end":"01:51","startHours":24.475602067630117,"endHours":25.850311083850553,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:51","end":"03:14","startHours":25.850311083850553,"endHours":27.22502010007099,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:14","end":"04:36","startHours":27.22502010007099,"endHours":28.599729116291428,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:36","end":"05:58","startHours":28.599729116291428,"endHours":29.974438132511864,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:58","end":"06:58","startHours":5.974438132511862,"endHours":6.974438132511862,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:58","end":"07:58","startHours":6.974438132511862,"endHours":7.974438132511862,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:58","end":"08:58","startHours":7.974438132511862,"endHours":8.974438132511862,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:58","end":"09:58","startHours":8.974438132511862,"endHours":9.974438132511862,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:58","end":"10:58","startHours":9.974438132511862,"endHours":10.974438132511862,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:58","end":"11:58","startHours":10.974438132511862,"endHours":11.974438132511862,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:58","end":"12:58","startHours":11.974438132511862,"endHours":12.974438132511862,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:58","end":"13:58","startHours":12.974438132511862,"endHours":13.974438132511862,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:58","end":"14:58","startHours":13.974438132511862,"endHours":14.974438132511862,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:58","end":"15:58","startHours":14.974438132511862,"endHours":15.974438132511862,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:58","end":"16:58","startHours":15.974438132511862,"endHours":16.974438132511864,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:58","end":"17:58","startHours":16.974438132511864,"endHours":17.974438132511864,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:58","end":"18:58","startHours":17.974438132511864,"endHours":18.974438132511864,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:58","end":"19:58","startHours":18.974438132511864,"endHours":19.974438132511864,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:58","end":"20:58","startHours":19.974438132511864,"endHours":20.974438132511864,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:58","end":"21:58","startHours":20.974438132511864,"endHours":21.974438132511864,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:58","end":"22:58","startHours":21.974438132511864,"endHours":22.974438132511864,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:58","end":"23:58","startHours":22.974438132511864,"endHours":23.974438132511864,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:58","end":"00:58","startHours":23.974438132511864,"endHours":24.974438132511864,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:58","end":"01:58","startHours":24.974438132511864,"endHours":25.974438132511864,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:58","end":"02:58","startHours":25.974438132511864,"endHours":26.974438132511864,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:58","end":"03:58","startHours":26.974438132511864,"endHours":27.974438132511864,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:58","end":"04:58","startHours":27.974438132511864,"endHours":28.974438132511864,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:58","end":"05:58","startHours":28.974438132511864,"endHours":29.974438132511864,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":9.719706933640383,"eotMinutes":-0.240124057807095,"ayanamsa":23.8151}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Śukla Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"phoenix"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 15, 1997 CE · Phoenix, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 15, 1997 CE for Phoenix, USA: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 05:58, sūryāsta 18:59.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-04-15","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-04-15","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-04-15","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-04-15","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1997-04-15"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T10:21:15.562Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T10:21:15.562Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T10:21:15.562Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}