{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:phoenix:1978-04-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1978-04-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-04-28","date_display":"April 28, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443626.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855161.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.9852,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":257.4782,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":243.493,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.493},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":257.4782,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.1449},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":271.4634},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443626.770833,"ahargana":1855161.2708,"kali_year":5080,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5502,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.858645000000024,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":259.450145,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4944},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":103.46984500000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":351.956145,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":68.733945,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":37.65444500000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":120.017245,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":164.6282,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":344.6282,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443626.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855161.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.9852,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":257.4782,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":243.493,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.493},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":257.4782,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.1449},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":271.4634},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.494,"elongation":116.507},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.494,"opposition_distance":63.493}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:44","sunsetLocal":"19:08","solarNoonLocal":"12:26","dayLengthHours":13.401609870465094,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 24 Mins 06 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 35 Mins 54 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:50","moonsetLocal":"09:47","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:45","end":"12:26","startHours":10.754859263601531,"endHours":12.43006049740967,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:47","end":"17:27","startHours":15.780462965025944,"endHours":17.45566419883408,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:24","end":"09:05","startHours":7.404456795985259,"endHours":9.079658029793396,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:51","end":"09:18","startHours":8.856297865285644,"endHours":9.303018194301147,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:17","end":"06:39","startHours":6.287655973446501,"endHours":6.645032236658904,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:59","end":"12:53","startHours":11.983340168394166,"endHours":12.876780826425174,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:57","end":"04:50","startHours":3.9423742461151097,"endHours":4.835814904146115,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:37","end":"05:44","startHours":4.612454739638364,"endHours":5.729255562177122,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:40","end":"15:33","startHours":14.663662142487183,"endHours":15.557102800518189,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:56","end":"19:20","startHours":18.930865432642218,"endHours":19.330865432642216,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:08","end":"19:41","startHours":19.130865432642217,"endHours":19.689265843911596,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:53","end":"20:38","startHours":18.880865432642217,"endHours":20.630865432642217,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:59","end":"00:53","startHours":23.983340168394168,"endHours":24.876780826425172,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:44","end":"07:24","startHours":5.729255562177122,"endHours":7.404456795985259,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:24","end":"09:05","startHours":7.404456795985259,"endHours":9.079658029793396,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:05","end":"10:45","startHours":9.079658029793396,"endHours":10.754859263601531,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:45","end":"12:26","startHours":10.754859263601531,"endHours":12.43006049740967,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:26","end":"14:06","startHours":12.43006049740967,"endHours":14.105261731217805,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:06","end":"15:47","startHours":14.105261731217805,"endHours":15.780462965025944,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:47","end":"17:27","startHours":15.780462965025944,"endHours":17.45566419883408,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:27","end":"19:08","startHours":17.45566419883408,"endHours":19.130865432642217,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"19:08","end":"20:27","startHours":19.130865432642217,"endHours":20.45566419883408,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:27","end":"21:47","startHours":20.45566419883408,"endHours":21.780462965025944,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:47","end":"23:06","startHours":21.780462965025944,"endHours":23.10526173121781,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:06","end":"00:26","startHours":23.10526173121781,"endHours":24.43006049740967,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:26","end":"01:45","startHours":24.43006049740967,"endHours":25.75485926360153,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:45","end":"03:05","startHours":25.75485926360153,"endHours":27.079658029793396,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:05","end":"04:24","startHours":27.079658029793396,"endHours":28.40445679598526,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:24","end":"05:44","startHours":28.40445679598526,"endHours":29.729255562177123,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:44","end":"06:44","startHours":5.729255562177122,"endHours":6.729255562177122,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:44","end":"07:44","startHours":6.729255562177122,"endHours":7.729255562177122,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:44","end":"08:44","startHours":7.729255562177122,"endHours":8.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:44","end":"09:44","startHours":8.729255562177123,"endHours":9.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:44","end":"10:44","startHours":9.729255562177123,"endHours":10.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:44","end":"11:44","startHours":10.729255562177123,"endHours":11.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:44","end":"12:44","startHours":11.729255562177123,"endHours":12.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:44","end":"13:44","startHours":12.729255562177123,"endHours":13.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:44","end":"14:44","startHours":13.729255562177123,"endHours":14.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:44","end":"15:44","startHours":14.729255562177123,"endHours":15.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:44","end":"16:44","startHours":15.729255562177123,"endHours":16.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:44","end":"17:44","startHours":16.729255562177123,"endHours":17.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:44","end":"18:44","startHours":17.729255562177123,"endHours":18.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:44","end":"19:44","startHours":18.729255562177123,"endHours":19.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:44","end":"20:44","startHours":19.729255562177123,"endHours":20.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:44","end":"21:44","startHours":20.729255562177123,"endHours":21.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:44","end":"22:44","startHours":21.729255562177123,"endHours":22.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:44","end":"23:44","startHours":22.729255562177123,"endHours":23.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:44","end":"00:44","startHours":23.729255562177123,"endHours":24.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:44","end":"01:44","startHours":24.729255562177123,"endHours":25.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:44","end":"02:44","startHours":25.729255562177123,"endHours":26.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:44","end":"03:44","startHours":26.729255562177123,"endHours":27.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:44","end":"04:44","startHours":27.729255562177123,"endHours":28.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:44","end":"05:44","startHours":28.729255562177123,"endHours":29.729255562177123,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Maitra","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":13.982283727213273,"eotMinutes":2.4923701554198168,"ayanamsa":23.5502}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"phoenix"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 28, 1978 CE · Phoenix, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 28, 1978 CE for Phoenix, USA: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 05:44, sūryāsta 19:08.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1978-04-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1978-04-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1978-04-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1978-04-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1978-04-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T10:39:13.242Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T10:39:13.242Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T10:39:13.242Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}