{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:phoenix:1908-11-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1908-11-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1908-11-28","date_display":"November 28, 1908 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":11,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418273.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829808.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":222.5484,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":274.3088,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":51.7604,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.7604},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":274.3088,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.6421},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":136.8572},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1908,"month":11,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418273.770833,"ahargana":1829808.2708,"kali_year":5010,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5805,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":222.84801599999992,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":275.25631599999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.9962},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":190.324116,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":209.82901600000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":141.435116,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":188.22531600000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":342.067716,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":67.9522,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":247.9522,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":11,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418273.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829808.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":222.5484,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":274.3088,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":51.7604,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.7604},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":274.3088,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.6421},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":136.8572},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.996,"elongation":51.76},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.996,"opposition_distance":128.24}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"phoenix","name":"Phoenix, USA","lat":33.4484,"lon":-112.074,"tz_offset_hours":-7,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:12","sunsetLocal":"17:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":10.167255781844192,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 10 Mins 02 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 49 Mins 58 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:41","moonsetLocal":"20:52","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:45","end":"11:01","startHours":9.742708285478026,"endHours":11.01361525820855,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:33","end":"14:50","startHours":13.555429203669597,"endHours":14.826336176400122,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:12","end":"08:28","startHours":7.200894340016978,"endHours":8.471801312747502,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:34","end":"09:55","startHours":9.57325402244729,"endHours":9.912162548508762,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:37","end":"07:54","startHours":7.624529997593819,"endHours":7.895656818442998,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:57","end":"12:37","startHours":11.945613704877601,"endHours":12.623430757000548,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:51","end":"06:31","startHours":5.845260235771086,"endHours":6.523077287894032,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:21","end":"07:12","startHours":6.353623024863295,"endHours":7.200894340016978,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:59","end":"14:39","startHours":13.979064861246439,"endHours":14.656881913369386,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:10","end":"17:34","startHours":17.16815012186117,"endHours":17.56815012186117,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:22","end":"17:48","startHours":17.36815012186117,"endHours":17.791785779438012,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:07","end":"18:52","startHours":17.11815012186117,"endHours":18.86815012186117,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:57","end":"00:37","startHours":23.9456137048776,"endHours":24.62343075700055,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:12","end":"08:28","startHours":7.200894340016978,"endHours":8.471801312747502,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:28","end":"09:45","startHours":8.471801312747502,"endHours":9.742708285478026,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:45","end":"11:01","startHours":9.742708285478026,"endHours":11.01361525820855,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:01","end":"12:17","startHours":11.01361525820855,"endHours":12.284522230939075,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:17","end":"13:33","startHours":12.284522230939075,"endHours":13.555429203669597,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:33","end":"14:50","startHours":13.555429203669597,"endHours":14.826336176400122,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:50","end":"16:06","startHours":14.826336176400122,"endHours":16.097243149130648,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:06","end":"17:22","startHours":16.097243149130648,"endHours":17.36815012186117,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:22","end":"19:06","startHours":17.36815012186117,"endHours":19.097243149130644,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:06","end":"20:50","startHours":19.097243149130644,"endHours":20.826336176400122,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:50","end":"22:33","startHours":20.826336176400122,"endHours":22.555429203669597,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:33","end":"00:17","startHours":22.555429203669597,"endHours":24.284522230939075,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:17","end":"02:01","startHours":24.284522230939075,"endHours":26.01361525820855,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:01","end":"03:45","startHours":26.01361525820855,"endHours":27.742708285478024,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:45","end":"05:28","startHours":27.742708285478024,"endHours":29.471801312747502,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:28","end":"07:12","startHours":29.471801312747502,"endHours":31.20089434001698,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:12","end":"08:12","startHours":7.200894340016978,"endHours":8.200894340016978,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:12","end":"09:12","startHours":8.200894340016978,"endHours":9.200894340016978,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:12","end":"10:12","startHours":9.200894340016978,"endHours":10.200894340016978,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:12","end":"11:12","startHours":10.200894340016978,"endHours":11.200894340016978,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:12","end":"12:12","startHours":11.200894340016978,"endHours":12.200894340016978,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:12","end":"13:12","startHours":12.200894340016978,"endHours":13.200894340016978,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:12","end":"14:12","startHours":13.200894340016978,"endHours":14.200894340016978,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:12","end":"15:12","startHours":14.200894340016978,"endHours":15.200894340016978,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:12","end":"16:12","startHours":15.200894340016978,"endHours":16.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:12","end":"17:12","startHours":16.20089434001698,"endHours":17.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:12","end":"18:12","startHours":17.20089434001698,"endHours":18.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:12","end":"19:12","startHours":18.20089434001698,"endHours":19.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:12","end":"20:12","startHours":19.20089434001698,"endHours":20.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:12","end":"21:12","startHours":20.20089434001698,"endHours":21.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:12","end":"22:12","startHours":21.20089434001698,"endHours":22.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:12","end":"23:12","startHours":22.20089434001698,"endHours":23.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:12","end":"00:12","startHours":23.20089434001698,"endHours":24.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:12","end":"01:12","startHours":24.20089434001698,"endHours":25.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:12","end":"02:12","startHours":25.20089434001698,"endHours":26.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:12","end":"03:12","startHours":26.20089434001698,"endHours":27.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:12","end":"04:12","startHours":27.20089434001698,"endHours":28.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:12","end":"05:12","startHours":28.20089434001698,"endHours":29.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:12","end":"06:12","startHours":29.20089434001698,"endHours":30.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:12","end":"07:12","startHours":30.20089434001698,"endHours":31.20089434001698,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-21.20556198767135,"eotMinutes":11.224666143655435,"ayanamsa":22.5805}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1965,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1830,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1315,"malayalam_era":1084,"nanakshahi_year":439,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 1965 Durmati · Śaka 1830 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"vrischika-sankranti","name":"Vṛścika Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"वृश्चिक सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Scorpio.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Vṛścika"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"phoenix"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga November 28, 1908 CE · Phoenix, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"November 28, 1908 CE for Phoenix, USA: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:12, sūryāsta 17:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1908-11-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1908-11-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1908-11-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1908-11-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/phoenix/1908-11-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-27T03:49:52.555Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-27T03:49:52.555Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-27T03:49:52.555Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}