{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2071-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2071-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2071-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 2071 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2071,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2477685.770833,"kali_year":5173,"ahargana":1889220.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":99.6031,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":113.0435,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":13.4403,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.4403},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":113.0435,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.3768},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":212.6466},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2071,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2477685.770833,"ahargana":1889220.2708,"kali_year":5173,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.8528,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.28194100000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":114.45604100000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.2882},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":36.06024100000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":107.96984099999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":35.20284099999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":102.99654099999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":180.10134100000005,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":160.0185,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":340.0185,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2071,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2477685.770833,"kali_year":5173,"ahargana":1889220.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":99.6031,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":113.0435,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":13.4403,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.4403},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":113.0435,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.3768},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":212.6466},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.288,"elongation":13.44},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.288,"opposition_distance":166.56}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:08","sunsetLocal":"17:37","solarNoonLocal":"12:23","dayLengthHours":10.489762873364487,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 29 Mins 23 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 30 Mins 37 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:55","moonsetLocal":"18:44","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:00","end":"16:19","startHours":15.001246596281142,"endHours":16.312466955451704,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:45","end":"11:04","startHours":9.756365159598896,"endHours":11.067585518769459,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:23","end":"13:41","startHours":12.37880587794002,"endHours":13.69002623711058,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:35","end":"09:56","startHours":9.581535778376155,"endHours":9.93119454082164,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:51","startHours":7.57099789431463,"endHours":7.850724904271016,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:02","end":"12:44","startHours":12.029147115494537,"endHours":12.728464640385502,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:44","end":"06:26","startHours":5.735289391475844,"endHours":6.43460691636681,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:16","end":"07:08","startHours":6.259777535144068,"endHours":7.133924441257776,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:08","end":"14:50","startHours":14.127099690167434,"endHours":14.826417215058399,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:25","end":"17:49","startHours":17.423687314622264,"endHours":17.823687314622262,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:37","end":"18:04","startHours":17.623687314622263,"endHours":18.060760767679117,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:22","end":"19:07","startHours":17.373687314622263,"endHours":19.123687314622263,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:02","end":"00:44","startHours":24.029147115494535,"endHours":24.7284646403855,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"07:08","end":"08:27","startHours":7.133924441257776,"endHours":8.445144800428336,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:27","end":"09:45","startHours":8.445144800428336,"endHours":9.756365159598896,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:45","end":"11:04","startHours":9.756365159598896,"endHours":11.067585518769459,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:04","end":"12:23","startHours":11.067585518769459,"endHours":12.37880587794002,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:23","end":"13:41","startHours":12.37880587794002,"endHours":13.69002623711058,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:41","end":"15:00","startHours":13.69002623711058,"endHours":15.001246596281142,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:00","end":"16:19","startHours":15.001246596281142,"endHours":16.312466955451704,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:19","end":"17:37","startHours":16.312466955451704,"endHours":17.623687314622263,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:37","end":"19:19","startHours":17.623687314622263,"endHours":19.3124669554517,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:19","end":"21:00","startHours":19.3124669554517,"endHours":21.001246596281142,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:00","end":"22:41","startHours":21.001246596281142,"endHours":22.69002623711058,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:41","end":"00:23","startHours":22.69002623711058,"endHours":24.378805877940017,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:23","end":"02:04","startHours":24.378805877940017,"endHours":26.06758551876946,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:04","end":"03:45","startHours":26.06758551876946,"endHours":27.756365159598896,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:45","end":"05:27","startHours":27.756365159598896,"endHours":29.445144800428338,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:27","end":"07:08","startHours":29.445144800428338,"endHours":31.133924441257776,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:08","end":"08:08","startHours":7.133924441257776,"endHours":8.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:08","end":"09:08","startHours":8.133924441257776,"endHours":9.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:08","end":"10:08","startHours":9.133924441257776,"endHours":10.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:08","end":"11:08","startHours":10.133924441257776,"endHours":11.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:08","end":"12:08","startHours":11.133924441257776,"endHours":12.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:08","end":"13:08","startHours":12.133924441257776,"endHours":13.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:08","end":"14:08","startHours":13.133924441257776,"endHours":14.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:08","end":"15:08","startHours":14.133924441257776,"endHours":15.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:08","end":"16:08","startHours":15.133924441257776,"endHours":16.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:08","end":"17:08","startHours":16.133924441257776,"endHours":17.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:08","end":"18:08","startHours":17.133924441257776,"endHours":18.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:08","end":"19:08","startHours":18.133924441257776,"endHours":19.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:08","end":"20:08","startHours":19.133924441257776,"endHours":20.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:08","end":"21:08","startHours":20.133924441257776,"endHours":21.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:08","end":"22:08","startHours":21.133924441257776,"endHours":22.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:08","end":"23:08","startHours":22.133924441257776,"endHours":23.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:08","end":"00:08","startHours":23.133924441257776,"endHours":24.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:08","end":"01:08","startHours":24.133924441257776,"endHours":25.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:08","end":"02:08","startHours":25.133924441257776,"endHours":26.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:08","end":"03:08","startHours":26.133924441257776,"endHours":27.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:08","end":"04:08","startHours":27.133924441257776,"endHours":28.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:08","end":"05:08","startHours":28.133924441257776,"endHours":29.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:08","end":"06:08","startHours":29.133924441257776,"endHours":30.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:08","end":"07:08","startHours":30.133924441257776,"endHours":31.133924441257776,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.981689529223548,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":24.8528}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2128,"vikram_samvatsara":"Krodhi","saka_samvat":1993,"saka_samvatsara":"Khara","bengali_samvat":1478,"malayalam_era":1247,"nanakshahi_year":602,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2128 Krodhi · Śaka 1993 Khara"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 2071 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 2071 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 07:08, sūryāsta 17:37.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2071-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2071-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2071-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2071-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2071-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T14:21:29.185Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T14:21:29.185Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T14:21:29.185Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}