{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2032-04-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-04-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2032-04-28","date_display":"April 28, 2032 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2032,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463350.770833,"kali_year":5134,"ahargana":1874885.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.0115,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":223.5203,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":209.5089,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.5089},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":223.5203,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.187},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":237.5318},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":34,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2032,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463350.770833,"ahargana":1874885.2708,"kali_year":5134,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.3045,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.011842999999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":223.68004300000007,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.8262},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":34.617043000000024,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":350.018643,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":276.94134299999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":4.167042999999978,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":55.89004299999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":199.5558,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":19.5558,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2032,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463350.770833,"kali_year":5134,"ahargana":1874885.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.0115,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":223.5203,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":209.5089,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.5089},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":223.5203,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.187},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":237.5318},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":34,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.826,"elongation":150.491},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.826,"opposition_distance":29.509}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:46","sunsetLocal":"17:42","solarNoonLocal":"12:14","dayLengthHours":10.919124082695786,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 55 Mins 09 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 04 Mins 51 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:12","moonsetLocal":"09:13","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:14","end":"13:36","startHours":12.234427164076337,"endHours":13.59931767441331,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:08","end":"09:30","startHours":8.139755633065418,"endHours":9.504646143402391,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:52","end":"12:14","startHours":10.869536653739363,"endHours":12.234427164076337,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:19","end":"09:41","startHours":9.322660742024128,"endHours":9.686631544780655,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:14","end":"07:31","startHours":7.229828626174102,"endHours":7.521005268379323,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:52","end":"12:36","startHours":11.87045636131981,"endHours":12.598397966832863,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:19","end":"06:03","startHours":5.318981911702339,"endHours":6.046923517215392,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:52","end":"06:46","startHours":5.864938115837129,"endHours":6.774865122728444,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:03","end":"14:47","startHours":14.054281177858968,"endHours":14.78222278337202,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:30","end":"17:54","startHours":17.49398920542423,"endHours":17.89398920542423,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:42","end":"18:09","startHours":17.69398920542423,"endHours":18.14895270886989,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:27","end":"19:12","startHours":17.44398920542423,"endHours":19.19398920542423,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:52","end":"00:36","startHours":23.87045636131981,"endHours":24.598397966832863,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:46","end":"08:08","startHours":6.774865122728444,"endHours":8.139755633065418,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:08","end":"09:30","startHours":8.139755633065418,"endHours":9.504646143402391,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:30","end":"10:52","startHours":9.504646143402391,"endHours":10.869536653739363,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:52","end":"12:14","startHours":10.869536653739363,"endHours":12.234427164076337,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:14","end":"13:36","startHours":12.234427164076337,"endHours":13.59931767441331,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:36","end":"14:58","startHours":13.59931767441331,"endHours":14.964208184750284,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:58","end":"16:20","startHours":14.964208184750284,"endHours":16.329098695087257,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:20","end":"17:42","startHours":16.329098695087257,"endHours":17.69398920542423,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:42","end":"19:20","startHours":17.69398920542423,"endHours":19.329098695087257,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:20","end":"20:58","startHours":19.329098695087257,"endHours":20.964208184750284,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:58","end":"22:36","startHours":20.964208184750284,"endHours":22.59931767441331,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:36","end":"00:14","startHours":22.59931767441331,"endHours":24.234427164076337,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:14","end":"01:52","startHours":24.234427164076337,"endHours":25.869536653739367,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:52","end":"03:30","startHours":25.869536653739367,"endHours":27.50464614340239,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:30","end":"05:08","startHours":27.50464614340239,"endHours":29.13975563306542,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:08","end":"06:46","startHours":29.13975563306542,"endHours":30.774865122728443,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:46","end":"07:46","startHours":6.774865122728444,"endHours":7.774865122728444,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:46","end":"08:46","startHours":7.774865122728444,"endHours":8.774865122728444,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:46","end":"09:46","startHours":8.774865122728444,"endHours":9.774865122728444,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:46","end":"10:46","startHours":9.774865122728444,"endHours":10.774865122728444,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:46","end":"11:46","startHours":10.774865122728444,"endHours":11.774865122728444,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:46","end":"12:46","startHours":11.774865122728444,"endHours":12.774865122728444,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:46","end":"13:46","startHours":12.774865122728444,"endHours":13.774865122728444,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:46","end":"14:46","startHours":13.774865122728444,"endHours":14.774865122728444,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:46","end":"15:46","startHours":14.774865122728444,"endHours":15.774865122728444,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:46","end":"16:46","startHours":15.774865122728444,"endHours":16.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:46","end":"17:46","startHours":16.774865122728443,"endHours":17.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:46","end":"18:46","startHours":17.774865122728443,"endHours":18.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:46","end":"19:46","startHours":18.774865122728443,"endHours":19.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:46","end":"20:46","startHours":19.774865122728443,"endHours":20.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:46","end":"21:46","startHours":20.774865122728443,"endHours":21.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:46","end":"22:46","startHours":21.774865122728443,"endHours":22.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:46","end":"23:46","startHours":22.774865122728443,"endHours":23.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:46","end":"00:46","startHours":23.774865122728443,"endHours":24.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:46","end":"01:46","startHours":24.774865122728443,"endHours":25.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:46","end":"02:46","startHours":25.774865122728443,"endHours":26.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:46","end":"03:46","startHours":26.774865122728443,"endHours":27.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:46","end":"04:46","startHours":27.774865122728443,"endHours":28.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:46","end":"05:46","startHours":28.774865122728443,"endHours":29.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:46","end":"06:46","startHours":29.774865122728443,"endHours":30.774865122728443,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":14.276128350211092,"eotMinutes":2.4923701554198168,"ayanamsa":24.3045}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2089,"vikram_samvatsara":"Krodhana","saka_samvat":1954,"saka_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","bengali_samvat":1439,"malayalam_era":1208,"nanakshahi_year":563,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā · Vikram 2089 Krodhana · Śaka 1954 Paridhāvi"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 28, 2032 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 28, 2032 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 06:46, sūryāsta 17:42.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-04-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-04-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-04-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-04-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-04-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T01:13:54.524Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T01:13:54.525Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T01:13:54.525Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}