{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2032-03-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-03-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2032-03-31","date_display":"March 31, 2032 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2032,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463322.770833,"kali_year":5133,"ahargana":1874857.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.6731,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":215.3988,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":228.7257,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.7257},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":215.3988,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.0654},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":202.0718},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2032,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463322.770833,"ahargana":1874857.2708,"kali_year":5133,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.3035,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.579113,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":213.789713,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.1149},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":14.715813000000026,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":324.3750130000001,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":274.054213,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":329.609113,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":53.289112999999986,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":201.0393,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":21.0393,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2032,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463322.770833,"kali_year":5133,"ahargana":1874857.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.6731,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":215.3988,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":228.7257,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.7257},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":215.3988,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.0654},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":202.0718},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.115,"elongation":131.274},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.115,"opposition_distance":48.726}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:28","sunsetLocal":"18:14","solarNoonLocal":"12:21","dayLengthHours":11.772447359190899,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 46 Mins 21 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 13 Mins 39 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:35","moonsetLocal":"10:25","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:21","end":"13:50","startHours":12.353661690268108,"endHours":13.825217610166971,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:56","end":"09:25","startHours":7.938993930571522,"endHours":9.410549850470385,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:53","end":"12:21","startHours":10.882105770369247,"endHours":12.353661690268108,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:13","end":"09:36","startHours":9.21434239448387,"endHours":9.606757306456899,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:57","end":"07:16","startHours":6.957956650638947,"endHours":7.271888580217372,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:45","startHours":11.961246778295079,"endHours":12.746076602241137,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:54","end":"05:41","startHours":4.89777836278054,"endHours":5.6826081867266,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:29","end":"06:28","startHours":5.486400730740085,"endHours":6.46743801067266,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:19","end":"15:06","startHours":14.31573625013326,"endHours":15.10056607407932,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:02","end":"18:26","startHours":18.03988536986356,"endHours":18.439885369863557,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:14","end":"18:44","startHours":18.239885369863558,"endHours":18.730404009829844,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:59","end":"19:44","startHours":17.989885369863558,"endHours":19.739885369863558,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:45","startHours":23.961246778295077,"endHours":24.74607660224114,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:28","end":"07:56","startHours":6.46743801067266,"endHours":7.938993930571522,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:56","end":"09:25","startHours":7.938993930571522,"endHours":9.410549850470385,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:25","end":"10:53","startHours":9.410549850470385,"endHours":10.882105770369247,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:53","end":"12:21","startHours":10.882105770369247,"endHours":12.353661690268108,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:21","end":"13:50","startHours":12.353661690268108,"endHours":13.825217610166971,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:50","end":"15:18","startHours":13.825217610166971,"endHours":15.296773530065835,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:18","end":"16:46","startHours":15.296773530065835,"endHours":16.768329449964696,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:46","end":"18:14","startHours":16.768329449964696,"endHours":18.239885369863558,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:14","end":"19:46","startHours":18.239885369863558,"endHours":19.768329449964696,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:46","end":"21:18","startHours":19.768329449964696,"endHours":21.296773530065835,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:18","end":"22:50","startHours":21.296773530065835,"endHours":22.82521761016697,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:50","end":"00:21","startHours":22.82521761016697,"endHours":24.35366169026811,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:21","end":"01:53","startHours":24.35366169026811,"endHours":25.882105770369247,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:53","end":"03:25","startHours":25.882105770369247,"endHours":27.41054985047038,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:25","end":"04:56","startHours":27.41054985047038,"endHours":28.93899393057152,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:56","end":"06:28","startHours":28.93899393057152,"endHours":30.46743801067266,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:28","end":"07:28","startHours":6.46743801067266,"endHours":7.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:28","end":"08:28","startHours":7.46743801067266,"endHours":8.467438010672659,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:28","end":"09:28","startHours":8.467438010672659,"endHours":9.467438010672659,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:28","end":"10:28","startHours":9.467438010672659,"endHours":10.467438010672659,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:28","end":"11:28","startHours":10.467438010672659,"endHours":11.467438010672659,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:28","end":"12:28","startHours":11.467438010672659,"endHours":12.467438010672659,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:28","end":"13:28","startHours":12.467438010672659,"endHours":13.467438010672659,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:28","end":"14:28","startHours":13.467438010672659,"endHours":14.467438010672659,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:28","end":"15:28","startHours":14.467438010672659,"endHours":15.467438010672659,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:28","end":"16:28","startHours":15.467438010672659,"endHours":16.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:28","end":"17:28","startHours":16.46743801067266,"endHours":17.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:28","end":"18:28","startHours":17.46743801067266,"endHours":18.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:28","end":"19:28","startHours":18.46743801067266,"endHours":19.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:28","end":"20:28","startHours":19.46743801067266,"endHours":20.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:28","end":"21:28","startHours":20.46743801067266,"endHours":21.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:28","end":"22:28","startHours":21.46743801067266,"endHours":22.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:28","end":"23:28","startHours":22.46743801067266,"endHours":23.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:28","end":"00:28","startHours":23.46743801067266,"endHours":24.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:28","end":"01:28","startHours":24.46743801067266,"endHours":25.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:28","end":"02:28","startHours":25.46743801067266,"endHours":26.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:28","end":"03:28","startHours":26.46743801067266,"endHours":27.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:28","end":"04:28","startHours":27.46743801067266,"endHours":28.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:28","end":"05:28","startHours":28.46743801067266,"endHours":29.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:28","end":"06:28","startHours":29.46743801067266,"endHours":30.46743801067266,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":4.3064437214757,"eotMinutes":-4.661701416086492,"ayanamsa":24.3035}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2089,"vikram_samvatsara":"Krodhana","saka_samvat":1954,"saka_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","bengali_samvat":1439,"malayalam_era":1208,"nanakshahi_year":563,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2089 Krodhana · Śaka 1954 Paridhāvi"},"festivals":[{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 31, 2032 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 31, 2032 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:28, sūryāsta 18:14.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-03-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-03-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-03-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-03-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-03-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T04:05:16.108Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T04:05:16.108Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T04:05:16.108Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}