{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2032-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2032-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 2032 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2032,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463292.770833,"kali_year":5133,"ahargana":1874827.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.783,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":180.9611,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":224.1781,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.1781},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":180.9611,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.6277},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":137.7441},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2032,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463292.770833,"ahargana":1874827.2708,"kali_year":5133,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.3023,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.70385899999997,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":178.39225899999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.66},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":352.721159,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":334.36105900000007,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":269.06535899999994,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":292.47845900000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":51.73805900000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":202.6289,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":22.6289,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2032,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463292.770833,"kali_year":5133,"ahargana":1874827.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.783,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":180.9611,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":224.1781,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.1781},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":180.9611,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.6277},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":137.7441},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.66,"elongation":135.822},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.66,"opposition_distance":44.178}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:07","sunsetLocal":"18:52","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":12.755220699545362,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 45 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 14 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:51","moonsetLocal":"09:41","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:43","end":"09:18","startHours":7.7101445736224,"endHours":9.304547161065571,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:54","end":"12:30","startHours":10.898949748508741,"endHours":12.493352335951911,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:05","end":"15:41","startHours":14.087754923395082,"endHours":15.682157510838252,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:06","end":"09:31","startHours":9.09196014940648,"endHours":9.51713417272466,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:39","end":"06:59","startHours":6.647209515326953,"endHours":6.987348733981496,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:55","startHours":12.068178312633732,"endHours":12.918526359270091,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:25","end":"05:16","startHours":4.415045892906515,"endHours":5.265393939542872,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:03","end":"06:07","startHours":5.052806927883783,"endHours":6.11574198617923,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:28","startHours":14.619222452542804,"endHours":15.469570499179161,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:40","end":"19:04","startHours":18.670962685724593,"endHours":19.07096268572459,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:52","end":"19:24","startHours":18.870962685724592,"endHours":19.402430214872314,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:37","end":"20:22","startHours":18.620962685724592,"endHours":20.370962685724592,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:55","startHours":24.068178312633734,"endHours":24.91852635927009,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:07","end":"07:43","startHours":6.11574198617923,"endHours":7.7101445736224,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:43","end":"09:18","startHours":7.7101445736224,"endHours":9.304547161065571,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:18","end":"10:54","startHours":9.304547161065571,"endHours":10.898949748508741,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:54","end":"12:30","startHours":10.898949748508741,"endHours":12.493352335951911,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:30","end":"14:05","startHours":12.493352335951911,"endHours":14.087754923395082,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:05","end":"15:41","startHours":14.087754923395082,"endHours":15.682157510838252,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:41","end":"17:17","startHours":15.682157510838252,"endHours":17.276560098281422,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:17","end":"18:52","startHours":17.276560098281422,"endHours":18.870962685724592,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:52","end":"20:17","startHours":18.870962685724592,"endHours":20.276560098281422,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:17","end":"21:41","startHours":20.276560098281422,"endHours":21.682157510838252,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:41","end":"23:05","startHours":21.682157510838252,"endHours":23.08775492339508,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:05","end":"00:30","startHours":23.08775492339508,"endHours":24.49335233595191,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:30","end":"01:54","startHours":24.49335233595191,"endHours":25.89894974850874,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:54","end":"03:18","startHours":25.89894974850874,"endHours":27.30454716106557,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:18","end":"04:43","startHours":27.30454716106557,"endHours":28.7101445736224,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:43","end":"06:07","startHours":28.7101445736224,"endHours":30.11574198617923,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:07","end":"07:07","startHours":6.11574198617923,"endHours":7.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:07","end":"08:07","startHours":7.11574198617923,"endHours":8.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:07","end":"09:07","startHours":8.11574198617923,"endHours":9.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:07","end":"10:07","startHours":9.11574198617923,"endHours":10.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:07","end":"11:07","startHours":10.11574198617923,"endHours":11.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:07","end":"12:07","startHours":11.11574198617923,"endHours":12.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:07","end":"13:07","startHours":12.11574198617923,"endHours":13.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:07","end":"14:07","startHours":13.11574198617923,"endHours":14.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:07","end":"15:07","startHours":14.11574198617923,"endHours":15.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:07","end":"16:07","startHours":15.11574198617923,"endHours":16.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:07","end":"17:07","startHours":16.11574198617923,"endHours":17.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:07","end":"18:07","startHours":17.11574198617923,"endHours":18.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:07","end":"19:07","startHours":18.11574198617923,"endHours":19.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:07","end":"20:07","startHours":19.11574198617923,"endHours":20.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:07","end":"21:07","startHours":20.11574198617923,"endHours":21.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:07","end":"22:07","startHours":21.11574198617923,"endHours":22.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:07","end":"23:07","startHours":22.11574198617923,"endHours":23.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:07","end":"00:07","startHours":23.11574198617923,"endHours":24.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:07","end":"01:07","startHours":24.11574198617923,"endHours":25.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:07","end":"02:07","startHours":25.11574198617923,"endHours":26.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:07","end":"03:07","startHours":26.11574198617923,"endHours":27.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:07","end":"04:07","startHours":27.11574198617923,"endHours":28.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:07","end":"05:07","startHours":28.11574198617923,"endHours":29.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":29.11574198617923,"endHours":30.11574198617923,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.437730060180091,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":24.3023}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2089,"vikram_samvatsara":"Krodhana","saka_samvat":1954,"saka_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","bengali_samvat":1439,"malayalam_era":1208,"nanakshahi_year":563,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2089 Krodhana · Śaka 1954 Paridhāvi"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 2032 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 2032 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:07, sūryāsta 18:52.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2032-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:14:03.694Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:14:03.694Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T16:14:03.694Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}