{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2031-04-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2031-04-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2031-04-01","date_display":"April 1, 2031 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462957.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874492.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.9281,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":88.5614,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":101.6333,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.6333},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3,"moon_longitude":88.5614,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.5614},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":75.4896},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":16,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2031,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462957.770833,"ahargana":1874492.2708,"kali_year":5132,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2895,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.832959,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":87.84585900000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.3522},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":206.82455900000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":353.135459,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":244.39925900000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":23.904759000000013,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":40.507559000000015,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":220.3788,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":40.3788,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462957.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874492.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.9281,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":88.5614,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":101.6333,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.6333},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3,"moon_longitude":88.5614,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.5614},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":75.4896},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":16,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.352,"elongation":101.633},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.352,"opposition_distance":78.367}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:28","sunsetLocal":"18:14","solarNoonLocal":"12:21","dayLengthHours":11.764605551846525,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 45 Mins 53 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 14 Mins 07 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:59","moonsetLocal":"00:11","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:17","end":"16:46","startHours":15.289522989647487,"endHours":16.760098683628303,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:24","end":"10:53","startHours":9.407220213724225,"endHours":10.877795907705039,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:21","end":"13:49","startHours":12.348371601685855,"endHours":13.818947295666671,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:13","end":"09:36","startHours":9.211143454526782,"endHours":9.603296972921667,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:57","end":"07:16","startHours":6.956260723756198,"endHours":7.269983538472106,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:57","end":"12:44","startHours":11.956218083290972,"endHours":12.740525120080742,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:54","end":"05:41","startHours":4.897454752183057,"endHours":5.681761788972825,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:29","end":"06:28","startHours":5.485685029775383,"endHours":6.466068825762593,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:19","end":"15:06","startHours":14.309139193660275,"endHours":15.093446230450043,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:02","end":"18:26","startHours":18.03067437760912,"endHours":18.43067437760912,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:14","end":"18:43","startHours":18.23067437760912,"endHours":18.720866275602724,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:59","end":"19:44","startHours":17.98067437760912,"endHours":19.73067437760912,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:57","end":"00:44","startHours":23.95621808329097,"endHours":24.74052512008074,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:28","end":"07:56","startHours":6.466068825762593,"endHours":7.936644519743409,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:56","end":"09:24","startHours":7.936644519743409,"endHours":9.407220213724225,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:24","end":"10:53","startHours":9.407220213724225,"endHours":10.877795907705039,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:53","end":"12:21","startHours":10.877795907705039,"endHours":12.348371601685855,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:21","end":"13:49","startHours":12.348371601685855,"endHours":13.818947295666671,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:49","end":"15:17","startHours":13.818947295666671,"endHours":15.289522989647487,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:17","end":"16:46","startHours":15.289522989647487,"endHours":16.760098683628303,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:46","end":"18:14","startHours":16.760098683628303,"endHours":18.23067437760912,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:14","end":"19:46","startHours":18.23067437760912,"endHours":19.760098683628303,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:46","end":"21:17","startHours":19.760098683628303,"endHours":21.289522989647487,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:17","end":"22:49","startHours":21.289522989647487,"endHours":22.818947295666675,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:49","end":"00:21","startHours":22.818947295666675,"endHours":24.348371601685855,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:21","end":"01:53","startHours":24.348371601685855,"endHours":25.877795907705043,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:53","end":"03:24","startHours":25.877795907705043,"endHours":27.407220213724226,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:24","end":"04:56","startHours":27.407220213724226,"endHours":28.93664451974341,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:56","end":"06:28","startHours":28.93664451974341,"endHours":30.466068825762594,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:28","end":"07:28","startHours":6.466068825762593,"endHours":7.466068825762593,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:28","end":"08:28","startHours":7.466068825762593,"endHours":8.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:28","end":"09:28","startHours":8.466068825762594,"endHours":9.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:28","end":"10:28","startHours":9.466068825762594,"endHours":10.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:28","end":"11:28","startHours":10.466068825762594,"endHours":11.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:28","end":"12:28","startHours":11.466068825762594,"endHours":12.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:28","end":"13:28","startHours":12.466068825762594,"endHours":13.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:28","end":"14:28","startHours":13.466068825762594,"endHours":14.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:28","end":"15:28","startHours":14.466068825762594,"endHours":15.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:28","end":"16:28","startHours":15.466068825762594,"endHours":16.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:28","end":"17:28","startHours":16.466068825762594,"endHours":17.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:28","end":"18:28","startHours":17.466068825762594,"endHours":18.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:28","end":"19:28","startHours":18.466068825762594,"endHours":19.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:28","end":"20:28","startHours":19.466068825762594,"endHours":20.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:28","end":"21:28","startHours":20.466068825762594,"endHours":21.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:28","end":"22:28","startHours":21.466068825762594,"endHours":22.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:28","end":"23:28","startHours":22.466068825762594,"endHours":23.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:28","end":"00:28","startHours":23.466068825762594,"endHours":24.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:28","end":"01:28","startHours":24.466068825762594,"endHours":25.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:28","end":"02:28","startHours":25.466068825762594,"endHours":26.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:28","end":"03:28","startHours":26.466068825762594,"endHours":27.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:28","end":"04:28","startHours":27.466068825762594,"endHours":28.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:28","end":"05:28","startHours":28.466068825762594,"endHours":29.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:28","end":"06:28","startHours":29.466068825762594,"endHours":30.466068825762594,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":4.400355684235239,"eotMinutes":-4.344296101151456,"ayanamsa":24.2895}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2088,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1953,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1438,"malayalam_era":1207,"nanakshahi_year":562,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2088 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1953 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"rama-navami","name":"Rāma Navamī","name_sanskrit":"राम नवमी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Rāma (18th avatāra of Krishna)","deity_avatara_index":18,"significance":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā. Sūryavaṃśa's most exalted moment.","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Madhyāhna (noon) abhiṣekam in Ayodhyā tradition","detection":{"tithi_number":9,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":1,"related_chart":"rama","historical_anchor":{"event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","date_julian":"-1626101-04-03","location":"Ayodhyā"},"sources":["Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa, Bāla-Kāṇḍa 1.18"]},{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"rama-navami-walk","name":"Rāma Navamī Walk","name_sanskrit":"राम नवमी यात्रा","type":"festival","description":"Vālmīki Bāla-Kāṇḍa selections + BG 4.7-8 (avatāra principle).","step_count":9,"url":"/walk/rama-navami-walk"},"reason":"Today is Rāma Navamī — its dedicated walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Śukla Navamī + Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":1}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 1, 2031 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 1, 2031 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 06:28, sūryāsta 18:14.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2031-04-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2031-04-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2031-04-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2031-04-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2031-04-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:06:35.482Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:06:35.482Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T22:06:35.482Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}